Time: December 08
Venue: Press Conference Hall of Lianyungang Release.
Subject: Interpretation of Management Measures for Vehicle Rescue Service Charges on Urban Roads and Ordinary Roads in Lianyungang City, Implementation Rules for Management of Service Charges of Pension Institutions in Lianyungang City and Management Measures for Management of Operating Parking Charges in Lianyungang City.
Moderator: Ding Yuankui, Deputy Director of the Municipal Price Bureau
Guest: Director of Service Price Department of Li Baoguo Municipal Price Bureau, Director of Charge Supervision and Management Department of Yanmen Municipal Price Bureau.

　

　　Ding Yuankui:Good morning, friends from the press and media! Welcome to the press conference of Lianyungang Price Bureau.

　　Today’s press conference mainly includes three contents: First, an interpretation of the Measures for the Administration of Vehicle Rescue Service Charges on Urban Roads and Ordinary Roads in Lianyungang; The second is to interpret the "Implementation Rules for the Management of Service Charges of Pension Institutions in Lianyungang City"; The third is to interpret the Measures for the Administration of Operating Parking Charges in Lianyungang City.

　　Now, I’d like to introduce the people who attended the conference today. They are: Li Baoguo, Director of Service Price Department of Municipal Price Bureau, Yan Wenwen, Director of Charge Supervision and Management Department, and I’m Ding Yuankui, Deputy Director of Municipal Price Bureau. Today, we also invited journalists and friends from seven media, including Lianyungang Daily, Cangwu Evening News, City TV Station, City Radio Station (Traffic Station), Lianyungang Publishing, Yangzi Evening News and Xinhuanet, to welcome them here.

　　First of all, please ask Director Li to interpret the Measures for the Administration of Vehicle Rescue Service Charges on Urban Roads and Ordinary Roads in Lianyungang for everyone.

　　Li Baoguo:Hello, media friends! Recently, the Municipal Price Bureau, together with the Municipal Transportation Bureau and the Municipal Public Security Bureau, issued the Measures for the Administration of Vehicle Rescue Service Charges for Urban Roads and Ordinary Roads in Lianyungang (Lianjiafu [2016] No.178). Next, let me introduce the background and main contents of the Measures.

　　First, the introduction background

　　Since the charging standard of vehicle rescue service on ordinary roads and urban roads in our city has been put into trial for two years, in order to further standardize the charging behavior of vehicle rescue service on ordinary roads and urban roads in our city, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the parties and ensure the safe and smooth roads, since the second half of this year, the Municipal Price Bureau has started the formulation of management measures for vehicle rescue service on urban roads and ordinary roads in accordance with the Regulations on Road Traffic Safety in Jiangsu Province and the Measures for the Administration of Vehicle Rescue Service Charges in Jiangsu Province, and combined with the actual situation of our city. After extensive research in the whole city, a forum was specially held for road rescue practitioners and vehicle insurance companies, and the preliminary plan for charging management measures was publicized to solicit opinions and suggestions and accept social supervision. After absorbing and adopting reasonable opinions, the Measures for the Administration of Vehicle Rescue Service Charges on Urban Roads and Ordinary Roads in Lianyungang City was officially issued on November 28th.

　　Second, the main content

　　The first is the scope of application. These Measures shall be applicable to the vehicles that fail or have traffic accidents on urban roads and ordinary highways in the urban areas of our city, and the vehicle rescue service agencies provide rescue services and collect fees.

　　The second is basic classification. Urban roads and ordinary highway rescue service charges are divided into ordinary rescue service charges, basic rescue service charges and special rescue service charges. The general rescue service charge refers to the simple rescue to restore the running function of the vehicle, including the fees charged for pumping electricity, sending oil, mechanical failure and replacing the spare tire. The basic service fee for rescue in distress refers to the fee charged for the rescue when the vehicle encounters a fault or an accident, and it cannot be resumed on the premise of ensuring safety through quick repair, and it is necessary to use professional rescue tools such as trailers and cranes. The special service charge for rescue in distress refers to the fees charged when the rescued vehicle is loaded with inflammable, explosive and dangerous goods, or when the vehicle needs to be demolished due to traffic accidents, or when a crane of more than 50 tons (excluding) is needed for rescue.

　　The third is the charging standard. Ordinary rescue service charges and basic rescue service charges in distress shall be set by the municipal price department, and the vehicle rescue service agency shall not break through, but shall be allowed to float downward. The specific criteria are:

　　Passenger cars, minibuses (vehicle length ≤4m) and minivans (total mass ≤1.8t) are less than or equal to the starting price of the trailer operation fee of 300 yuan/vehicle/time within 10km, the towing fee of 5 yuan/vehicle/kilometer over 10km and the crane operation fee of 800 yuan/time; Light passenger cars (4m < vehicle length ≤6m) and light trucks (1.8t < total mass ≤6t) are less than or equal to the starting price of the trailer operation fee of 350 yuan/vehicle/time within 10km, the towing fee of 10 yuan/vehicle/kilometer over 10km and the crane operation fee of 1000 yuan/time; Medium-sized passenger cars (6m < vehicle length ≤9m) and medium-sized trucks (6t < total mass ≤14t) are less than or equal to the starting price of the trailer operation fee of 400 yuan/vehicle/time within 10km, and the towing fee of 15 yuan/vehicle/kilometer over 10km, and the crane operation fee of 1,500 yuan/time; For large buses (vehicle length > 9m), the starting price of the trailer operation fee is less than or equal to 10 km, 600 yuan/vehicle/time, and the towing fee is more than 10 km, 20 yuan/vehicle/kilometer. The crane operation fee for buses with total mass less than or equal to 35 tons is 2,200 yuan/time, and the crane operation fee for buses with total mass greater than 35 tons is 3,800 yuan/time. For heavy trucks (with a total mass of > 14t), the starting price of the trailer operation fee is less than or equal to 700 yuan/vehicle/time within 10km, and the towing fee is 20 yuan/vehicle/kilometer over 10km; the crane operation fee of the truck with a total mass of less than or equal to 35t is 2,200 yuan/time, and the crane operation fee of the truck with a total mass of more than 35t is 3,800 yuan/time;Ordinary road rescue (electricity pumping, oil delivery, mechanical failure, replacement of spare tire, etc.) 80 yuan/time; The charge for motorcycle rescue service is 100 yuan/time.

　　Among them, it should be emphasized that all the charging items do not include the toll of the rescued vehicles crossing the road and bridge, and the toll of the vehicles crossing the road and bridge (tunnel) from the rescue site to the place where the rescued vehicles are parked shall be borne by the rescued party; If the rescued vehicle cannot be simply towed and does not need to use a crane, but auxiliary wheels can be used for rescue, the trailer operation fee can be increased by 30% according to the prescribed charging standard; Towing fee (sum of starting kilometer towing fee and super-starting kilometer towing fee) The maximum operating fee for each trailer is not more than 1,500 yuan.

　　The special service charge for rescue in distress shall be determined through consultation between the vehicle rescue service agency and the parties concerned. If the people or goods loaded by the rescued vehicle need to be transferred to other transport vehicles, the fees to be charged shall be determined by both parties through consultation.

　　The fourth is related requirements.

　　Price tag: Vehicle rescue service agencies should strictly implement the relevant provisions of price tag and accept social supervision. Before accepting the entrustment and operation of the parties, the vehicle rescue service institution shall clearly inform the parties of the required operation items, charging standards and service contents, and can carry out rescue and charge after consultation with the parties and signing an agreement.

　　In terms of expenses: when a vehicle breaks down on an urban road or an ordinary highway or a traffic accident hinders traffic, but the party concerned fails to entrust it or cannot, the traffic management department of the public security shall notify the vehicle rescue service agency to carry out the rescue, and the expenses shall be borne by the party concerned. If the administrative law enforcement department detains the accident vehicle according to law and issues corresponding legal documents due to the need of collecting evidence, or drags the illegally parked vehicle according to law, the resulting towing expenses shall be borne by the administrative law enforcement department.

　　Other aspects: The charges for vehicle rescue services on expressways shall be implemented according to the Standard for Charges for Expressway Obstacle Removal Services in Jiangsu Province. Counties and Ganyu District can refer to the implementation or formulate local vehicle rescue service charging standards according to the actual situation. The measures shall be implemented as of January 1, 2017.

　　Ding Yuankui:Next, please ask Director Yan to interpret the "Detailed Rules for the Administration of Service Charges of Old-age Care Institutions in Lianyungang".

　　Strict documents:Hello, friends from the media. Recently, the Municipal Price Bureau and the Civil Affairs Bureau jointly formulated the Detailed Rules for the Administration of Service Charges in the Old-age Care Institutions in Lianyungang. Let me explain the relevant policies for you.

　　There are 22 Detailed Rules for the Administration of Service Charges for the Aged in Lianyungang City, which mainly include the background, scope of application, charging content, fee refund management and charging supervision measures.

　　The first is to introduce the background. In order to standardize the service charge behavior of the old-age care institutions in our city, promote the healthy development of the old-age care cause, and earnestly safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the elderly and the old-age care institutions, the Municipal Price Bureau, jointly with the Civil Affairs Bureau, formulated the detailed rules according to the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Price Law, the Interim Measures for the Administration of Service Charge of the Old-age Care Institutions in Jiangsu Province and other laws and regulations, and combined with the actual situation in our city.

　　The second is the scope of application. The implementation scope of the Detailed Rules is all kinds of old-age care institutions such as nursing homes, nursing homes, nursing homes, care homes, nursing homes and social welfare centers, which are established in Lianyungang City in accordance with the Measures for Licensing the Establishment of Old-age Care Institutions and registered according to law, and provide full-time centralized living and care services for the elderly.

　　The third is the charging content and management methods. Pension institutions in the civil affairs, health and other administrative departments within the scope of services, in accordance with industry norms, operating procedures, to carry out pension services, you can charge a reasonable fee to the elderly. The service charges of old-age care institutions are divided into bed fees, nursing fees, meals, agency service charges and special service charges.

　　The service charges of the old-age care institutions shall be classified and managed, and the bed fees and nursing fees of public-run old-age care institutions shall be set by the government. Meals, agency service charges and special service charges are independently priced by the pension institutions according to the actual costs, and remain relatively stable. The service charges of private, public and private pension institutions are subject to market adjustment prices, which are determined by the operators themselves and remain relatively stable.

　　The food expenses shall be reasonably set by the pension institution according to the market price level and the principle of non-profit. Meal expenses shall be accounted for separately, publicized on a monthly basis, automatically accumulated and used with balances, and shall not be transferred to profits, and shall be settled according to the actual consumption situation of the elderly. Charges for agency services can be collected on a monthly or monthly basis and settled according to the facts, and no other fees may be charged. The two parties shall make an agreement in written contract. The charging standard for special needs services shall be reasonably formulated by the old-age care institutions. Special needs services shall embody the principle of voluntariness, and the contents and charging standards of special needs services shall be publicly informed, and no compulsory service or charging shall be allowed. Basic old-age services within industry norms shall not be converted into special needs services in disguise.

　　The fourth is the formulation and adjustment requirements of fees. Public pension institutions to apply for the formulation or adjustment of bed fees, nursing fees standards, should submit a written price adjustment report, after the approval of the civil affairs department, the civil affairs department reported to the competent price department at the same level for approval. The old-age care institution shall sign a written service contract with the elderly or their clients, specifying the service items, service contents, charging standards, dispute settlement methods and other terms, and regularly provide a list of expenses and related expense settlement accounts. Old-age care institutions should provide corresponding services according to the service content and service quality standards stipulated or promised. If the service is not provided in accordance with the contract, no relevant fees shall be charged.

　　The fifth is the policy enjoyed by the old-age care institutions. Old-age care institutions should enjoy various preferential policies supported by the state, province and city. The water, electricity, gas and heat used by the old-age care institutions are implemented according to the living price of residents. Old-age care institutions install telephones, cable (digital) TVs and broadband Internet free of one-time access fees, and cable (digital) TV basic viewing and maintenance fees are charged at half the local resident user terminal charges.

　　Sixth, the obligation of public pension institutions. In addition to the "three noes" (no ability to work, no source of income, no dependents and caregivers, or their caregivers and caregivers really have no ability to support and raise), other financially disadvantaged widows, disabled, semi-disabled, widowed, elderly, low-income elderly and disabled soldiers should be given priority in staying, and the necessary preferential charging policies should be implemented. Priority should be given to ensuring the demand for aged care services for the elderly with special difficulties.

　　Seventh, regulatory measures for fees. In order to strengthen the management of service charges in old-age care institutions, the Detailed Rules stipulates that old-age care institutions need to establish and improve the charge management system, and do a good job in the system of charge publicity, charge change and annual report, so as to ensure that the quality and price are consistent. Pension institutions shall not charge any undisclosed fees.

　　Ding Yuankui:Next, please ask Director Li to interpret the Measures for the Administration of Charges for Operating Parking Lots in Lianyungang City.

　　Li Baoguo:Hello, media friends! Next, let me introduce the background and main contents of the Measures for the Administration of Operating Parking Charges in Lianyungang City (Lianjiafu [2016] No.182).

　　First of all, introduce the background of the Measures.

　　In December 2015, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the Ministry of Transport jointly issued the Guiding Opinions on Further Improving the Charging Policy for Motor Vehicle Parking Services, which set clear requirements for further improving the charging mechanism for motor vehicle parking services, giving full play to price leverage and promoting the optimization and upgrading of the parking industry. In order to better implement this opinion and effectively safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of consumers and operators, the Municipal Price Bureau issued the Measures for the Administration of Parking Charges in Lianyungang Urban Area on November 23, in accordance with relevant laws and regulations such as Jiangsu Province Price Regulations and Jiangsu Province Pricing Catalogue, and combined with Lianyungang Urban Parking Lot Construction Work Plan (2016-2017).

　　Below, the main contents of the Measures are introduced.

　　The first is the management form of parking lot charges. Operating parking fees, the implementation of government-guided prices and market-regulated prices in two forms of price management. Public parking lots and internal special parking lots operated externally shall be subject to government-guided prices. Independent professional mechanical three-dimensional parking lots and social capital fully invest in new parking lots to implement market-adjusted parking charges. If the parking lot provides non-motor vehicle parking services, the service charges shall be subject to market-adjusted prices.

　　Second, the parking service charges of the operating parking lot managed by the government-guided price are priced differently according to different vehicle types, different time periods, different regions and different road sections. Annex 2 of the Measures clearly stipulates the parking fee standards, so I will not repeat them here.

　　Among them, the types of vehicles are divided into blue license plate (including black, the same below) and yellow license plate by the public security department according to the relevant provisions of the state; Time periods are divided into daytime (9: 00 to 21: 00) and nighttime (21: 00 to 9: 00 the next day); The road section is divided into three areas: Class I area, Class II area and Class III area. Annex 1 of the Measures clearly states the division of the three areas. What needs special explanation is that the motor vehicle parking lot set up by social public activities and welfare institutions such as schools, museums, libraries, art galleries, music halls, stadiums and nursing homes or the parking lot serving them shall implement the three-category district standards; The charging method is based on counting, timing or monthly charging. The parking lot with time-based charging takes 2 hours as the charging unit, and the charging starts after the time-based parking exceeds 30 minutes. The charging consists of the first charging period and the later period, and the maximum charging standard for continuous parking within 24 hours is set. Long-term parking of vehicles can be charged monthly, which is determined by both parties through consultation.

　　At the same time, the "Measures" emphasize that the government-guided price is the highest price limit, and each parking lot can be appropriately lowered according to different situations, and the downward floating range is not limited. The "Measures" also clarified six situations in which the parking lot with government-guided price is exempted from vehicle parking fees.

　　Third, the parking lot charging standards for market-regulated price management shall be independently formulated by the operators according to law, publicized and reported to the municipal price department for the record. Parking lots subject to market-regulated price management can formulate adjustment standards with reference to government-guided prices, and encourage the implementation of government-guided parking lot-related provisions on exempting vehicle parking fees.

　　The fourth is to implement the charging publicity system. Parking lot operators shall set up a price tag (table) for parking fees under the supervision of the competent price department in a prominent position in the parking places and charging places, indicating the types of parked vehicles, service contents, charging units, total number of berths, charging standards and service supervision telephones of business units, and price reporting telephones.

　　Fifth, consumers refuse to pay parking fees. If the parking lot operator is under any of the following circumstances, the consumer may refuse to pay the parking fee, and have the right to report it to the competent price department or solve it through other legal channels. (a) do not charge parking fees according to the provisions of these measures; (two) the system of charging publicity is not implemented or the charging publicity is not standardized; (3) Failing to install a qualified time charging management system or a special time charging tool to implement time charging and pre-charging; (4) Failing to provide or use valid bills; (five) in violation of the provisions of these measures; (6) Other circumstances stipulated by laws and regulations.

　　The sixth is other content. Motor vehicle parking service charges in residential areas shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Measures for the Implementation of Lianyungang Property Service Charge Management. Temporary parking spaces in urban roads are set in accordance with the Code for Setting Parking Spaces on Urban Roads (GA/T 850—2009) issued by the Ministry of Public Security, and the charging standards are still implemented in accordance with the Measures for the Administration of Motor Vehicle Parking Services in Lianyungang. Counties and Ganyu District can refer to these measures, combined with local conditions, and formulate corresponding management measures for operating parking fees. These Measures shall come into force as of January 1, 2017.

　　Ding Yuankui:Today’s press conference is over, thank you.

　　Since June, there have been strikes in France, Germany and Belgium, and the British railway has suffered the largest strike in 30 years. What happened to the European economy? Cui Hongjian, director of the European Institute of China Institute of International Studies, believes that the conflict between Russia and Ukraine in the United States has promoted sanctions against Russia, and the rise in energy prices has led to stagflation in the European economy, making it more difficult to move toward economic recovery.

　　Xinhuanet invitedCui Hongjian, Director of the European Institute of China Institute of International StudiesRead it for you!

　　Xinhuanet: What’s wrong with the European economy? What is the reason?

　　Cui Hongjian:Recently, the economies of European and American countries have been hit hard. On the one hand, there is high inflation, that is, the price level continues to rise, on the other hand, there is a serious shortage of consumption, and construction has declined. The emergence of this situation has been caused by the economic structural problems of European countries for quite a long time, such as the lack of vitality in the labor market and the high social welfare expenditure. At the same time, in the short term, the conflict between Russia and Ukraine has had an impact on the European economy from both demand and supply.

　　On the supply side, due to the western energy sanctions against Russia, the energy gap in Europe is getting bigger and bigger, and the energy cost is rising rapidly. On the demand side, due to rising prices, energy has concentrated on crowding out capital expenditures in many other fields, so now European people are more and more uncertain and insecure about consumption, and everyone is afraid to spend money. These have led to the current European economy falling into a very big dilemma.

　　Xinhuanet: The conflict between Russia and Ukraine continues, and the United States and the West are waving sanctions against Russia. What impact does this have on the European economy?

　　Cui Hongjian:Since the outbreak of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, the United States has been trying to bring the pace of Europe. In addition to providing support to Ukraine, another key point is to drive European countries to launch multiple rounds of sanctions against Russia. With the escalation of sanctions, the United States, which is less dependent on Russia for energy and trade, has suffered less damage, but European countries have formed a very close interdependent relationship with Russia in industry and energy. In fact, the United States did not consider the losses of the so-called allies, but also intensified its efforts to continue to promote sanctions against Russia.

　　Since the fifth round of EU sanctions against Russia, the effect of sanctions is not obvious, and it has also played a counterproductive role. The EU is now soberly aware that blindly pushing up sanctions against Russia with the United States will bring more losses to the EU itself. Europe is not only tired of sanctions against Russia, but also tired of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine. At the same time, there are more and more dissatisfaction with blindly following up American policies.

　　If the United States continues to step up sanctions and pressure on Russia, I think the contradiction between the so-called alliance system between the United States and Europe will become more and more serious. Because the interests of both sides, especially the goal of diplomatic security, have great differences and contradictions at the root.

　　Xinhuanet: How can Europe overcome the current difficulties and achieve economic recovery?

　　Cui Hongjian:If Europe really wants a sustained economic recovery, it may still need to better promote international cooperation. When it comes to international cooperation, there is no doubt that the best choice for Europe now is emerging economies and a broader market, including China.

　　The economic dependence between Europe and America is very high, and the two sides have close cooperation in trade, industry and investment. This will lead to a vicious circle. Inflation and economic stagnation will spread back and forth between European and American economies, but it will make the European economy face greater difficulties.

　　However, emerging economies have maintained a relatively good growth trend so far. China and Europe should not only work together to persuade peace and promote talks, but also help both sides of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict return to the direction of peaceful settlement of disputes. At the same time, they should further strengthen pragmatic cooperation in supply chain and industrial chain security, which will not only continue to consolidate in traditional fields, but also further spread to green transformation, high technology and other fields. I think only in this way can Europe not only reform itself, but also get out of the current economic predicament through cooperation with China and other real partners.

Departments (bureaus) of human resources and social security of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, Health Bureau (Health and Family Planning Commission), Civil Service Bureau, Human Resources and Social Security Bureau and Health Bureau of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, and personnel (cadre) departments of various ministries and commissions in the State Council:

In accordance with the requirements of the circular issued by the former Ministry of Health (Wei Tong [2012] No.23) on eight recommended health industry standards, such as the Quality Index of Routine Clinical Biochemical Examination, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the Health and Family Planning Commission have organized medical experts to revise the relevant contents of the Operation Manual for Civil Servant Employment Physical Examination (for Trial Implementation), which are hereby printed and distributed to you. This notice shall be implemented as of September 1, 2013. In the specific work, in case of problems, please timely feedback to the central civil service authorities and health (health and family planning) administrative departments.

Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security Health and Family Planning Commission Civil Service Bureau

August 19, 2013

Operation Manual of Civil Servant’s Employment Physical Examination (Trial).

Relevant revision contents

I "Article 2 Physical Examination Items and Operating Procedures 6.1 Blood Routine" is revised as:

6.1 Blood routine

It can provide clues for the diagnosis of hematological diseases. Among them, red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets are counted by instrument or microscope, and hemoglobin is counted by instrument or photoelectric colorimetry. Must check the project includes the following five items:

6.1.1 Total number of red blood cells (RBC)

[Reference value] Male: (4.3 ~ 5.8) × 1012/L; Female: (3.8 ~ 5.1) × 1012/L.

Erythropenia is more common in all kinds of anemia, such as acute or chronic aplastic anemia and iron deficiency anemia. Polycythemia is common in hypoxia, blood concentration, polycythemia vera and secondary polycythemia.

6.1.2 Hemoglobin (HGB)

[Reference value] Male: 130 ~ 175 g/L; Female: 115 ~ 150 g/L.

The clinical significance of decreasing or increasing hemoglobin is basically the same as the total number of red blood cells.

6.1.3 Total white blood cell count (WBC)

[Reference value] (3.5 ~ 9.5) × 109/L.

Physiological leukocytosis is common in strenuous exercise, after eating, pregnancy and so on. In addition, different blood collection sites can also make the number of white blood cells different, such as the average number of white blood cells in earlobe blood is higher than that in finger blood.

Pathological leukocytosis is common in acute suppurative infection, uremia, leukemia, tissue injury, acute bleeding and so on.

Pathological leukopenia is common in aplastic anemia, some infectious diseases, liver cirrhosis, hypersplenism, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, taking some drugs and so on.

6.1.4 Differential white blood cell count (DC)

[Reference value]

Neutrophils: (1.8 ~ 6.3) × 109/L (40% ~ 75%).

Eosinophil: (0.02 ~ 0.52) × 109/L (0.4% ~ 8%).

Basophil: (0.00 ~ 0.06) × 109/L (0 ~ 1%).

Lymphocyte: (1.1 ~ 3.2) × 109/L (20% ~ 50%).

Monocyte: (0.1 ~ 0.6) × 109/L (3% ~ 10%).

Neutrophilia is common in acute suppurative infection, massive hemorrhage, serious tissue injury, chronic myeloid leukemia, sleeping pill poisoning, etc. Reduce common viral infections, aplastic anemia, agranulocytosis, etc.

Eosinophilia is common in psoriasis, pemphigus, eczema, bronchial asthma, allergies, some hematological diseases and tumors, such as chronic myeloid leukemia, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, lung cancer and cervical cancer. Decrease is common in the early stage of typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever and after long-term use of adrenocortical hormone.

Basophilia is common in chronic myeloid leukemia with bone marrow fibrosis, chronic hemolysis and splenectomy. Reduction is generally of no clinical significance.

Lymphocytosis is common in infectious mononucleosis, tuberculosis, malaria, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, whooping cough, some viral infections, etc. Decrease is common in some leukemia or excessive destruction, such as long-term chemotherapy, X-ray irradiation and immune deficiency.

Monocytosis is common in monocytic leukemia, active tuberculosis, typhoid fever, malaria, etc. Reducing the clinical significance is not significant.

6.1.5 platelet count (PLT)

[reference value] (125 ~ 350) × 109/L.

Increased platelet count is more common in thrombocytosis, after splenectomy, acute infection, hemolysis, fracture, etc. Decrease is more common in aplastic anemia, acute leukemia, acute radiation sickness, primary or secondary thrombocytopenic purpura, hypersplenism, uremia, after taking some drugs, etc.

Two, the "second physical examination items and operating procedures 6.3 blood biochemistry" is revised as follows:

6.3 blood biochemistry

6.3.1 Diagnostic index of blood glucose (GLU) diabetes. Glucose oxidase method and automatic or semi-automatic biochemical analyzer should be used, and blood should be detected as soon as possible after blood collection.

[reference value] 3.9 ~ 6.1 mmol/L.

The blood glucose concentration of blood taken on an empty stomach for more than 8 hours is ≥7.0 mmol/L, or the blood glucose concentration of blood taken at any time of the day is ≥11.1 mmol/L, and it still reaches or exceeds this value after reexamination, so as to diagnose diabetes; The fasting blood glucose concentration is between 5.6 and 6.9 mmol/L, and further diagnosis should be made by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). If the 2-hour blood glucose concentration of OGTT is ≥11.1 mmol/L, diabetes is diagnosed.

6.3.2 Liver biochemical indexes of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) can be detected by automatic or semi-automatic biochemical analyzer by enzymatic method, which can be used for early diagnosis of hepatobiliary diseases such as viral hepatitis and help to judge the degree and prognosis of the disease.

[reference value] male: 9 ~ 50 u/l, female: 7 ~ 40 u/l.

6.3.3 Liver biochemical indexes of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and the detection method and significance are the same as those of ALT.

[reference value] male: 15 ~ 40 u/l, female: 13 ~ 35 u/l.

ALT and AST are sensitive indicators reflecting the damage of liver cells, which can be increased in the incubation period and early onset of hepatitis, so it is helpful for early detection of hepatitis. ALT mainly exists in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes, while AST is distributed in the mitochondria of hepatocytes in addition to the cytoplasm. ALT and AST levels can be increased when liver cells are damaged by various liver diseases (such as viral hepatitis, drug-induced liver damage, fatty liver, cirrhosis, etc.) and some extrahepatic diseases.

When liver damage is mild, only ALT and AST in cytoplasm are released into blood, so the increase of ALT is greater than AST. It is generally believed that serum ALT exceeds the upper limit of reference value by more than 2 times, indicating that liver cells have inflammation, necrosis and liver damage. When severe liver injury occurs, mitochondria are destroyed, and a large amount of AST is released into the blood, resulting in a higher serum AST level than ALT. AST/ALT ratio > 1 can indicate the progress of hepatitis with significant hepatocyte necrosis. Therefore, measuring AST/ALT ratio is helpful to judge the severity of liver injury. The increase of single AST should also consider the pathological changes of myocardium and bones, especially the ratio of AST／ALT in myocardial infarction is often greater than 3, accompanied by corresponding clinical manifestations, so it is not difficult to diagnose.

In addition to the liver, other tissues such as heart, brain, kidney and muscle also contain ALT and AST, and the pathological changes of these organs can also cause the increase of serum ALT and AST. Changes in some physiological conditions can also cause the elevation of ALT and AST. For example, strenuous physical activity may cause a temporary slight elevation of ALT. Because there are various reasons for the increase of serum ALT and AST, it is necessary to make a clear diagnosis according to the specific situation and combined with other necessary examination methods.

6.3.4 Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) Blood urea nitrogen is the product of protein metabolism. The purpose of determining blood urea nitrogen is to judge the excretion ability of protein metabolites by the kidney, so the value of blood urea nitrogen can be used as an index to judge glomerular filtration function. However, blood urea nitrogen is easily influenced by diet, urine volume and other factors, so although it can be used as an index to judge glomerular function, it is not as accurate as blood creatinine. Blood urea nitrogen was detected by urease method.

[reference value] 2.8 ~ 7.2 mmol/L.

6.3.5 Serum creatinine (CR) is the product of human muscle metabolism, which is not easily influenced by diet and urine volume, and can reflect renal function more sensitively, and is an important indicator for diagnosing renal failure, and its level is directly proportional to the degree of renal function damage. Serum creatinine was detected by picric acid method or enzymatic method.

[Reference value] Picric acid method: 44 ~ 133 μ mol/L for male and 70 ~ 106 μ mol/L for female. Enzymatic method: 53 ~ 97 μ mol/L for male and 44 ~ 80 μ mol/L for female.

When both blood urea nitrogen and blood creatinine are "mmol/ L", the reference value of the ratio of blood urea nitrogen to creatinine is 25 ~ 40. When the ratio is less than 25, protein’s insufficient intake and acute tubular necrosis are considered; > 40, considering the cause of prerenal.

Because the measured values of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine are easily influenced by hemolysis, bilirubin and drugs, it is of diagnostic significance to increase them at the same time. The degree of blood urea nitrogen increase is more obvious than that of blood creatinine in renal parenchymal lesions.

Iii. Amend the detailed rules for the implementation of Article 3 "General Standards for Physical Examination of Civil Servants (for Trial Implementation)" 3. About Hematological Diseases as follows:

Article 3 the blood system disease, unqualified. Simple iron deficiency anemia, with hemoglobin higher than 90 g/L in men and 80 g/L in women, is qualified.

3.1 Interpretation of Articles

The blood system consists of blood and hematopoietic organs, which include bone marrow, spleen, lymph nodes, lymphoid tissues scattered all over the body and mononuclear-phagocytic cell system. Hematological diseases refer to diseases that originate from and mainly involve blood and hematopoietic organs (the former is leukemia and the latter is iron deficiency anemia), commonly known as hematological diseases. Those who suffer from other systemic diseases and have blood changes can only be called hematological manifestations of systemic diseases, not real hematological diseases.

Hematological diseases can generally be divided into red blood cell diseases, white blood cell diseases, hemorrhagic diseases, hematopoietic stem cell diseases, etc. Clinically, they can be manifested as lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, etc. caused by anemia, hemorrhage, fever or malignant cell infiltration, and different diseases have their own characteristics. Now only some common diseases are briefly described.

3.1.1 Anemia means that the hemoglobin content per unit volume of blood is lower than the lower limit of the reference value, and it is often accompanied by a decrease in the number of red blood cells and hematocrit in different degrees. It is generally believed that in plain areas, anemia can be diagnosed when the hemoglobin content of adult males is less than 130 g/L and females are less than 115 g/L. Anemia can be primary to hematopoietic organ diseases, or secondary to some systemic diseases (such as chronic kidney disease, chronic liver disease, chronic infection caused by various pathogens, malignant tumors, etc.). The etiological judgment of anemia is very important, with different causes and different prognosis. Except for iron deficiency anemia caused by some reasons, it is often difficult to completely cure and it is unqualified in physical examination. Common anemia has the following types:

1) Iron deficiency anemia: It is the most common anemia, which is caused by the lack of iron necessary for the synthesis of hemoglobin in the body. It is characterized by small cell hypochromic anemia. Common causes include chronic blood loss (such as menorrhagia, hemorrhoid bleeding, ulcer disease, hookworm disease, etc.) and iron malabsorption (such as after subtotal gastrectomy, long-term diarrhea, lack of stomach acid, hobby of strong tea, etc.). The prognosis depends on whether the etiology can be eliminated. If the etiology can be eliminated, anemia can be corrected quickly. The so-called simple iron deficiency anemia also refers to anemia caused by bad eating habits, menorrhagia, hemorrhoid bleeding, etc. When the hemoglobin content of this kind of anemia is not less than 90 g/L for men and 80 g/L for women, the symptoms are not obvious, and the cause is easy to eliminate, which has little impact on the body. After the cause is eliminated, the hemoglobin content is easy to return to normal and the prognosis is good, so it can be treated as qualified.

2) Aplastic anemia: referred to as aplastic anemia, is a syndrome characterized by pancytopenia caused by bone marrow failure caused by various causes. The common causes are drugs, chemical poisons, ionizing radiation, virus infection and so on. Aplastic anemia can be divided into acute type and chronic type. Acute type has an acute onset and rapid progress, and its main clinical manifestations are bleeding (such as gastrointestinal bleeding, hematuria, fundus hemorrhage and intracranial hemorrhage, etc.), which is easy to be complicated with infection and has a high mortality rate. The onset of chronic type is slow, and anemia is the main manifestation. The course of disease is long, and remission and attack can alternate repeatedly, and it will not heal for many years. Once the disease is diagnosed, it is concluded that it is unqualified.

3) megaloblastic anemia: anemia caused by DNA synthesis disorder caused by folic acid and/or vitamin B12 deficiency. It is characterized by an increase in the volume of hematopoietic cells, involving red blood cells, granulocytes and megakaryocytes. Clinically, it often shows pancytopenia with gastrointestinal symptoms. The common reasons are long-term vegetarian diet, partial eclipse, improper cooking of vegetables, improper dieting, malabsorption caused by gastrointestinal diseases, taking drugs that interfere with the absorption of folic acid and/or vitamin B12, etc. Once the disease is diagnosed, it is concluded that it is unqualified.

4) Tumor anemia: anemia caused by blood tumor (such as leukemia, lymphoma and myeloma) or solid tumor infiltrating into bone marrow or abnormal bone marrow hyperplasia (such as myelodysplastic syndrome). Once the disease is diagnosed, it is concluded that it is unqualified.

5) Hemolytic anemia: It is caused by the accelerated destruction of red blood cells, which exceeds the compensatory ability of hematopoietic function of bone marrow. Its main features are anemia, jaundice, splenomegaly, reticulocytosis and myeloerythropoiesis. The causes of hemolysis can be caused by genetic defects of red blood cells such as structural and functional defects of red blood cell membrane and enzyme defects, and can also be caused by acquired factors such as infection, drugs, physics and chemistry, immunity and metabolism. According to the main sites of red blood cell destruction, it can be divided into intravascular hemolysis and extravascular hemolysis. Both of them are unqualified conclusions.

3.1.2 Polycythemia refers to the fact that the number of red blood cells, hemoglobin content and hematocrit per unit volume of blood are significantly higher than the reference value. Usually, polycythemia can be diagnosed by hemoglobin ≥180 g/L, red blood cell number ≥6.0×1012/L or hematocrit ≥0.55. There are many causes, which can be relative polycythemia caused by decreased plasma volume, secondary polycythemia caused by tissue hypoxia, and true polycythemia (also known as primary polycythemia) with unknown reasons. Whether the patient with secondary polycythemia is qualified or not depends on the etiology. If the hemoglobin content and red blood cell count caused by temporary dehydration slightly exceed the reference value and can be corrected by normal drinking water, a qualified conclusion can be made; For those caused by other causes, the unqualified conclusion should be made according to the nature of the primary disease.

1) Secondary polycythemia: Tissue hypoxia caused by various reasons can lead to compensatory erythrocytic proliferation, that is, secondary polycythemia. The common causes are excessive smoking, high altitude polycythemia, cyanotic congenital heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, tumor, kidney disease, obesity-pulmonary ventilation syndrome and so on.

2) polycythemia vera: it is a chronic myeloproliferative disease with abnormal proliferation of erythroid cells, with slow onset, characterized by dark red skin and mucous membrane, splenomegaly, increased red blood cell count and blood volume with pancytocytosis, and often nervous system and blood circulation dysfunction, thrombosis, heart failure, etc. Once the disease is diagnosed, the conclusion is unqualified.

3.1.3 Leukocyte diseases include all kinds of leukopenia and hyperplasia diseases.

1) Leukopenia and agranulocytosis: Leukopenia refers to peripheral blood white blood cell count < 3.5×109/L, in which neutropenia accounts for the vast majority. When the total number of neutrophils is < 0.5×109/L, it is called agranulocytosis. The causes of both are roughly the same. The most common causes are drug reactions (anti-tumor drugs, immunosuppressive drugs, antibiotics, antithyroid drugs, antiarrhythmic drugs, antihistamines and sedatives, etc.), radiation and chemical damage, immune-mediated bone marrow damage, bone marrow infiltration by abnormal cells (such as tumor cells), some bacterial and viral infections, and granulocyte maturation disorders (such as folic acid and vitamin B12 deficiency). In addition, abnormal distribution in blood pool, increased demand and accelerated consumption and destruction can also cause this disease.

Because most of the causes are acquired factors, the unqualified conclusion is made before the causes are eliminated and the total number of white blood cells or neutrophils is not restored to normal and stable.

2) neutropenia: refers to the number of neutrophils in peripheral blood > 7.0× 109/L. The main causes are acute infection, tissue necrosis, severe burns, poisoning, drug reaction, myeloproliferative diseases (chronic myeloid leukemia, polycythemia vera, primary thrombocytosis, myelofibrosis), and some malignant tumors. It can also occur due to physiological reasons such as pregnancy, emotional excitement, strenuous exercise, etc. Whether the disease is qualified or not depends on the etiology. For those who may be caused by mild inflammation, exercise or emotional factors, white blood cells are slightly elevated and can return to normal after reexamination, a qualified conclusion can be made.

3.1.4 Malignant lymphoma refers to a malignant tumor originating in the immune system (lymph nodes or extra-nodal lymphoid tissues), which is characterized by a large number of proliferation of lymphocytes and/or histiocytes. Clinically, it often shows painless and progressive lymphadenopathy, fever, hepatosplenomegaly, cachexia and anemia in the late stage. Once the disease is diagnosed, the conclusion is unqualified.

3.1.5 Multiple myeloma is one of the most common malignant plasma cell diseases, which is characterized by the tumor proliferation of monoclonal plasma cells, thus destroying bone tissue. The main clinical manifestations are bone pain, pathological fracture, anemia, hypercalcemia, renal function damage and easy infection. Once the disease is diagnosed, the conclusion is unqualified.

3.1.6 Hypersplenism is a syndrome, which can be caused by a variety of primary or secondary causes, such as infection, congestion (heart failure, liver cirrhosis, portal vein or splenic vein obstruction, etc.), abnormal immune response, myeloproliferative diseases, etc. The clinical feature is splenomegaly with decrease of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets alone or simultaneously. Once the disease is diagnosed, the conclusion is unqualified.

3.1.7 The normal hemostasis mechanism of hemorrhagic disease is accomplished by the synergistic effect of blood vessels, platelets and coagulation mechanism. Obstacles in any one aspect can lead to abnormal bleeding, that is, excessive bleeding, which is called hemorrhagic disease.

1) Thrombocytopenia means that the platelet count in peripheral blood is less than 100× 109/L.. When the platelet count is lower than 50×109/L, there may be bleeding, and when it is lower than 20×109/L, the bleeding symptoms will be aggravated, such as skin and mucous membrane bleeding (diameter < ＜2 mm), purpura (diameter 3 ~ 5 mm) or ecchymosis (diameter > 5 mm), gingival bleeding, nosebleed, and even visceral bleeding, such as blood in stool and urine. There are many and complicated causes of thrombocytopenia, which are difficult to correct in most cases. As a physical examination, there is no need to make etiological diagnosis. Once thrombocytopenia is diagnosed, it is generally concluded that it is unqualified. If it can be confirmed that there is a temporary slight decrease in platelets caused by virus infection, drug factors, etc., and there is no bleeding tendency, those whose platelet count can return to normal level after eliminating the above factors can be treated as qualified.

2) Thrombocytopenic purpura: It belongs to a type of thrombocytopenia, including idiopathic, secondary and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, and its common feature is bleeding with thrombocytopenia. It is not difficult to diagnose the disease according to the clinical manifestations and laboratory examination. As a physical examination, there is no need to make a classified diagnosis. Once diagnosed, make an unqualified conclusion.

3) Henoch-Schonlein purpura (Henoch-Schonlein purpura) is a common allergic hemorrhagic disease, which is mainly caused by the increase of capillary wall permeability and brittleness due to the allergic reaction of the body to certain substances, leading to exudative bleeding. The main causes are infection, drugs, food and other factors. According to the clinical manifestations, it can be divided into simple type, abdominal type, joint type, renal type and mixed type. Once the disease is diagnosed, the conclusion is unqualified.

4) Hemophilia: It is a group of hemorrhagic diseases caused by hereditary thromboplastin production disorder, characterized by positive family history, childhood onset, spontaneous or mild traumatic bleeding, hematoma formation and joint bleeding. This disease is a lifelong disease, and there is no radical cure. Once diagnosed, it is unqualified.

3.1.8 Leukemia is a malignant tumor of hematopoietic system, accounting for about 5% of the total cancer incidence. It is characterized by the tumor proliferation of a certain type of leukemia cells in bone marrow or other hematopoietic tissues, and infiltration into other organs and tissues in the body, which inhibits normal hematopoiesis and produces corresponding symptoms and signs. Anemia, fever, infection, bleeding and swelling of liver, spleen and lymph nodes in different degrees are common in clinic. Once the disease is diagnosed, the conclusion is unqualified.

3.2 Diagnostic points

3.2.1 Iron deficiency anemia

1) Key points of medical history inquiry: whether there is a history of chronic blood loss (such as menorrhagia, ulcer bleeding, hemorrhoid bleeding, etc.) and primary diseases that cause iron absorption disorders (such as subtotal gastrectomy, atrophic gastritis, long-term diarrhea, etc.), and pay attention to finding etiological evidence of anemia; Whether there are symptoms of anemia, such as dizziness, fatigue, palpitation and shortness of breath after activities.

2) Physical examination points: Pale skin mucosa is the main sign of anemia, and it is generally reliable to observe nail bed, palm skin wrinkles, oral mucosa and eyelid conjunctiva. Pay attention to other signs such as angular stomatitis, glossitis, and increased heart rate.

3) Auxiliary inspection points:

Blood routine: it is the main basis for diagnosis of anemia, which can be analyzed by automatic blood cell analyzer. Iron deficiency anemia is characterized by small cell hypopigmentation anemia. Generally, the diagnosis can be confirmed by routine blood examination combined with medical history and signs.

Reticulocyte count: It should be used as a routine supplementary examination in anemia patients. The reticulocyte count of patients with iron deficiency anemia is mostly normal.

When the nature of anemia cannot be determined, further testing items can be selected according to local conditions, such as determination of serum ferritin, serum iron, total iron binding capacity, etc., to determine whether it is iron deficiency anemia, and to further find out the cause of iron deficiency, so as to make a qualified conclusion.

3.2.2 Aplastic anemia

1) Key points of medical history inquiry: Pay attention to inquire about possible causes (virus infection, taking drugs, working environment exposed to radiation, toxins or chemicals, etc.), onset time, anemia symptoms (fatigue, dizziness, palpitation, shortness of breath, etc.), susceptibility to infection (frequent fever) and bleeding history (nosebleed, gingival bleeding, conjunctival bleeding, hematemesis, hemoptysis, hematochezia, etc.).

2) Physical examination points: Pay attention to whether the skin and mucosa are pale, bleeding, ecchymosis, hematoma, fever, infection, etc.

3) Auxiliary inspection points:

Blood routine: the main manifestation is the decrease of whole blood cells (red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets). If only red blood cells decrease, it is pure red blood cell aplastic anemia. Aplastic anemia is characterized by positive pigment cell anemia.

Reticulocyte count: significantly reduced.

As far as the physical examination of civil servants is concerned, as long as it is found to be pancytopenia, it is concluded that it is unqualified, and it is generally unnecessary to make an etiological diagnosis of pancytopenia.

3.2.3 Megaloblastic Anemia

1) main points of medical history inquiry: whether there are common causes of folic acid and vitamin B12 deficiency (such as long cooking and heating time, partial eclipse, complete vegetarian diet, chronic gastrointestinal diseases, taking drugs that interfere with folic acid and vitamin B12 absorption, etc.), anemia symptoms (fatigue, dizziness, palpitation, shortness of breath, etc.) and accompanying digestive tract symptoms (such as loss of appetite, nausea, diarrhea, etc.).

2) Physical examination points: Pay attention to whether there are signs of nervous system such as pale skin and mucous membrane (same as iron deficiency anemia), atrophy or disappearance of tongue nipple, abnormal muscle strength and walking disorder.

3) Auxiliary inspection points:

Blood routine: it is characterized by large cell anemia, and white blood cells and platelets are often reduced.

If the nature of anemia cannot be determined, further tests can be selected according to local conditions, such as the determination of serum vitamin B12, folic acid and erythrocyte folic acid, so as to establish the diagnosis and conclusion.

3.2.4 Bone marrow disease anemia

1) Key points of medical history inquiry: whether there is a history of primary diseases (acute and chronic leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, malignant histiocytosis and metastatic cancer, etc.) causing myelopathic anemia, and whether there is a history of bone pain and fracture.

2) Physical examination points: Pay attention to anemia, hepatosplenomegaly and related signs of primary diseases.

3) Key points of auxiliary examination: Routine blood examination showed normal cellular anemia.

For anemia, bone pain with unexplained hepatosplenomegaly and other suspicious cases, consultation can be organized or done if necessary.

Step-by-step examination, such as whether there is bone destruction on bone X-ray film, whether there are tumor cells on bone marrow film, and whether there is hemogram of young erythrocytes, etc., to make a clear diagnosis.

3.2.5 Hemolytic anemia

1) Key points of medical history inquiry: intravascular hemolysis is acute, mostly serious, and rare in physical examination; If the disease is found in physical examination, it is mostly caused by chronic extravascular hemolysis, and the onset time of pallor and fatigue should be asked. Congenital patients often have the disease since childhood, and acquired patients should be asked if they have blood transfusion, taking special drugs or food and related primary diseases.

2) Physical examination points: Pay attention to signs such as pale skin and mucosa, increased heart rate, yellow sclera, hepatosplenomegaly, etc.

3) Auxiliary inspection points:

Blood routine: normal cellular anemia.

Reticulocyte count: more elevated.

Generally, anemia can be diagnosed according to the characteristics of anemia and jaundice, splenomegaly and elevated reticulocyte. Suspicious cases can be further examined, such as serum bilirubin (the characteristic of this disease is mainly indirect bilirubin increase), free hemoglobin, hemoglobinuria, hemosiderosis, etc., in order to further diagnose.

3.2.6 Polycythemia

1) Key points of medical history inquiry: whether there are chronic hypoxic diseases (such as pulmonary heart disease, congenital heart disease, severe sleep apnea syndrome, etc.), plateau living history, physiological dehydration history, etc.

2) Physical examination points: pay attention to the presence of bloody appearance such as red and purple face, signs such as splenomegaly and hypertension.

3) Key points of auxiliary examination: Hemoglobin ≥180 g/L, red blood cell count ≥6.0×1012/L, white blood cells and platelets are also increased.

3.2.7 Leukopenia and agranulocytosis

1) Key points of medical history inquiry: whether there is the cause of the disease (such as drugs, poisoning, infection, lack of some nutrients, etc.) and the history of secondary infection.

2) Key points of physical examination: The disease generally has no positive signs, and it is mainly diagnosed by medical history and blood test.

3) Key points of auxiliary examination: The white blood cell count of routine blood examination is lower than the lower limit of reference value, and red blood cells and platelets are generally normal. According to the degree of leukopenia, the diagnosis is leukopenia or agranulocytosis.

3.2.8 Neutrophilia

1) Key points of medical history inquiry: Are there any causes of neutropenia, such as acute infection, tissue necrosis, severe burns, poisoning, drug reaction, myeloproliferative diseases (chronic myeloid leukemia, polycythemia vera, primary thrombocytosis, myelofibrosis), and some malignant tumors.

2) Physical examination points: focus on checking whether there are related signs of primary diseases.

3) Key points of auxiliary examination: The diagnosis can be made when the absolute value of neutrophils in routine blood examination is more than 7.0× 109/L..

3.2.9 Malignant lymphoma

1) Key points of medical history inquiry: whether there is a history of lymphoma in the past, and those with signs of superficial lymphadenopathy should focus on the progress of lymphadenopathy and whether there are symptoms such as pain and fever.

2) Physical examination points: whether there is superficial lymphadenopathy in the whole body, and if there is, pay attention to its hardness, activity and fusion; Whether there is hepatosplenomegaly.

3) Auxiliary inspection points:

Blood routine: anemia and increased number of lymphocytes may occur.

Chest x-ray: the mediastinal shadow is widened and hilar lymph nodes are enlarged.

Abdominal B-ultrasound: In addition to hepatosplenomegaly, retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy can be seen.

If lymph node enlargement is the main manifestation, lymph node biopsy can be taken if necessary to further confirm the diagnosis.

3.2.10 Multiple myeloma

1) Key points of medical history inquiry: The clinical manifestations of multiple myeloma are varied, and the early manifestations are mainly bone pain and easy fracture, so attention should be paid to medical history inquiry.

2) Key points of physical examination: The signs of this disease are generally not obvious, sometimes anemia can be seen, and the diagnosis mainly depends on medical history and targeted auxiliary examination.

3) Auxiliary examination points: For suspicious cases such as bone pain or pathological fracture, anemia, recurrent fever, etc., consultation or further examination can be organized when necessary, and diagnosis can be made according to whether bone X-ray film has osteolysis and bone destruction, whether bone marrow film has abnormal plasma cell increase, whether urine protein is positive, and whether plasma protein electrophoresis has M component.

3.2.11 Hypersplenism

1) Key points of medical history inquiry: Have you ever had a history of chronic hepatitis, schistosomiasis and other diseases, and pay attention to finding clues about the primary diseases.

2) Key points of physical examination: The physical examination shows splenomegaly and related signs of primary diseases.

3) Auxiliary inspection points:

Blood routine: pancytopenia or leukopenia and thrombocytopenia.

Abdominal B-ultrasound showed splenomegaly.

Generally, the diagnosis can be made according to the characteristics of blood examination, B-ultrasound examination and comprehensive judgment of the primary disease.

3.2.12 Thrombocytopenia

1) Key points of medical history inquiry: Do you have a history of recurrent skin and mucous membrane bleeding (such as nosebleed or gingival bleeding)?

2) Physical examination points: Pay attention to the nature and location of bleeding, whether there are purpura, bleeding spots on gums, bloody blisters on oral mucosa, and whether there are swelling of liver, spleen and lymph nodes.

3) Key points of auxiliary examination: When the platelet count of routine blood examination is lower than the lower limit of reference value, diagnosis can be made.

3.2.13 Thrombocytopenic Purpura

1) Key points of medical history inquiry: Do you have a history of repeated skin and mucous membrane bleeding, such as nosebleed or gingival bleeding, and do you have a family history of bleeding?

2) Physical examination points: Pay attention to whether there are purpura, bleeding spots on gums, bloody blisters on oral mucosa, and swelling of liver, spleen and lymph nodes.

3) Key points of auxiliary examination: The platelet count of routine blood examination is lower than the lower limit of reference value.

It can be diagnosed if there are bleeding symptoms accompanied by thrombocytopenia.

3.2.14 Allergic Purpura

1) Key points of medical history inquiry: whether there is spontaneous skin purpura, especially recurrent skin purpura in both lower limbs, and whether the treatment of purpura can spontaneously subside; Whether there are other types of purpura related symptoms such as abdominal pain, joint pain, hematuria, etc.

2) Key points of physical examination: Purpura simplex is only manifested in the skin. Purpura is characterized by being distributed in limbs and buttocks, mostly in the extended side, mostly symmetrical, and rashes appear in batches, which can be higher than the skin with itching; Other types of purpura may show corresponding signs before or after the occurrence of cutaneous purpura. For example, abdominal purpura may have tenderness around the abdomen, joint purpura may show joint redness, tenderness and dysfunction, and renal purpura may have edema and increased blood pressure. Combined with the characteristics of purpura, it is generally easy to diagnose.

3) Auxiliary inspection points:

Blood routine: Platelet count is normal.

Urine routine: Nephrotic purpura can have microscopic hematuria and positive urine protein.

3.2.15 Hemophilia

1) Key points of medical history inquiry: whether there is a family history, whether there is a history of spontaneous bleeding of skin and mucosa or bleeding after minor injuries, or a history of menorrhagia, trauma or abnormal bleeding during surgery, etc.

2) Physical examination points: There may be signs such as joint swelling and tenderness during the attack.

3) Key points of auxiliary examination: The diagnosis of this disease is mainly based on the medical history. If necessary, the diagnosis can be further made by hematological examination such as coagulation time and partial thromboplastin time.

3.2.16 Leukemia

1) Key points of medical history inquiry: whether there are related symptoms such as fever, bleeding and anemia.

2) Physical examination points: check whether there are bleeding spots and ecchymosis on the skin and mucosa, whether there is anemia, and whether there are signs such as liver, spleen, lymph node enlargement and sternal tenderness.

3) Key points of auxiliary examination: the total number of white blood cells can be increased by routine blood examination, and white blood cells at various stages can be seen by classification; Most of them are normal cell anemia.

Suspicious cases should be consulted by hematology department in time, and bone marrow examination should be made if necessary to make a clear diagnosis.

3.3 Precautions

3.3.1 There are many kinds of hematological diseases, and their clinical manifestations are varied. In the physical examination, we should ask and record the medical history in detail as far as possible (I should truthfully reflect it) in order to find clues about the primary diseases; Physical examination should be serious and comprehensive to avoid missing important signs; In addition to routine blood tests, auxiliary laboratory tests can be added when necessary. It is necessary to comprehensively analyze the results of medical history inquiry, physical examination and auxiliary examination to avoid missed diagnosis as much as possible.

3.3.2 Hematological diseases are mostly systemic and refractory diseases, which have serious effects on health, so they are all treated as unqualified in principle. However, some hematological diseases, whose causes are clear (such as virus infection, drug reaction, inflammation, etc.) and easy to correct, have little impact on health (such as only causing transient slight decrease or increase of platelets or leukocytes, mild iron deficiency anemia, etc.), can quickly return to normal after eliminating the causes and can be treated as qualified.

3.3.3 The etiology of hematological diseases is complex, some of which are difficult to be clear in physical examination, and the purpose of physical examination is not to find a treatment for the cause, so we should pay attention to the diagnosis of the disease and make a conclusion on whether it is qualified or not. In addition to anemia, it is not necessary to go into the etiological diagnosis and disease name diagnosis of other blood diseases, such as thrombocytopenia and purpura, and make unqualified conclusions on this basis, without making the diagnosis of thrombocytopenia and purpura.

　 　　Cctv newsAccording to the news from WeChat official account, the first half of 2024, the production of China’s electronic information manufacturing industry grew rapidly, the export rebounded and stabilized, the benefits increased steadily, the investment remained at a high speed, and the overall development of the industry was good.

　　First, the rapid growth of production

　　In the first half of the year, the added value of the electronic information manufacturing industry above designated size increased by 13.3% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 7.3 and 4.6 percentage points higher than that of the industrial and high-tech manufacturing industries in the same period. In June, the added value of the electronic information manufacturing industry above designated size increased by 11.3% year-on-year.

　　Figure 1 Cumulative growth rate of electronic information manufacturing and industrial added value

　　In the first half of the year, among the main products, the output of mobile phones was 752 million units, up 9.7% year-on-year, of which the output of smart phones was 563 million units, up 11.8% year-on-year; The output of microcomputers was 157 million units, a year-on-year increase of 1%; The output of integrated circuits was 207.1 billion pieces, up 28.9% year-on-year.

　　Second, the export rebounded and stabilized.

　　In the first half of the year, the electronic information manufacturing industry above designated size achieved a cumulative year-on-year growth of 0.4% in export delivery value, compared with 1&mdash; It dropped by 0.3 percentage points in May. In June, the electronic information manufacturing industry above designated size achieved a year-on-year decrease of 1.2% in export delivery value.

　　Figure 2 Cumulative growth rate of electronic information manufacturing and industrial export delivery value

　　According to customs statistics, in the first half of the year, China exported 68.7 million laptops, a year-on-year increase of 2.5%; 366 million mobile phones were exported, a year-on-year increase of 4.9%; 139.3 billion pieces of integrated circuits were exported, up 9.5% year-on-year.

　　Third, the benefits have grown steadily

　　In the first half of the year, the electronic information manufacturing industry above designated size achieved operating income of 7.37 trillion yuan, up 8% year-on-year, compared with 1-mdash; It increased by 0.5 percentage points in May; Operating costs were 6.41 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 7.4%; Realized a total profit of 294.2 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 24%; The profit rate of operating income is 3.99%, compared with 1-mdash; It increased by 0.7 percentage points in May. In June, the operating income of the electronic information manufacturing industry above designated size was 1.41 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 5.6%.

　　Figure 3 Cumulative growth rate of operating income and total profit of electronic information manufacturing industry

　　Fourth, investment remains at a high speed

　　In the first half of the year, the investment in fixed assets of electronic information manufacturing industry increased by 15.3% year-on-year, compared with 1-mdash; In May, it increased by 0.5 percentage points, 2.7 percentage points and 5.2 percentage points higher than the growth rate of industrial and high-tech manufacturing investment in the same period.

　　Figure 4 Cumulative growth rate of investment in electronic information manufacturing and industrial fixed assets

　　Fifth, the regional differentiation is obvious

　　In the first half of the year, the eastern region of the above-scale electronic information manufacturing industry realized operating income of 5,172.7 billion yuan, up 11% year-on-year, compared with 1-mdash; It fell by 0.5 percentage points in May; The central region achieved an operating income of 1,166 billion yuan, up 8.2% year-on-year, compared with 1-mdash; It fell by 0.2 percentage points in May; The operating income in the western region was 982.7 billion yuan, down 4.9% year-on-year, compared with 1-mdash; It fell by 1.6 percentage points in May; The operating income in Northeast China reached 43.85 billion yuan, down 16% year-on-year, compared with 1-mdash; It increased by 5.7 percentage points in May. In June, the eastern region achieved an operating income of 1,012.2 billion yuan, up 8.9% year-on-year, and the central region achieved an operating income of 218.7 billion yuan, up 7.4% year-on-year; The operating income in the western region was 171.5 billion yuan, down 12% year-on-year; The operating income in Northeast China was 9.48 billion yuan, up 13.9% year-on-year.

　　Fig. 5 Growth of operating income of electronic information manufacturing industry by region

　　In the first half of the year, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region of electronic information manufacturing industry above designated size realized operating income of 399.1 billion yuan, up 15.4% year-on-year, compared with 1-mdash; In May, it dropped by 1.7 percentage points, and revenue accounted for 5.4% of the national total; The Yangtze River Delta region realized an operating income of 2,054.6 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 7.6%, compared with 1-mdash; In May, it dropped by 0.4 percentage points, and revenue accounted for 27.9% of the national total.

　　(Note: 1. Unless otherwise indicated, all the statistical data in this paper are data of the National Bureau of Statistics or calculated accordingly.

　　2. "Electronic information manufacturing industry" in this paper is the same caliber as "computer, communication and other electronic equipment manufacturing industry" in the national economic industry classification. )

　　　　　　 Cctv newsThe U.S. Treasury Department recently put two Lebanese parliamentarians and a security official on the sanctions list on the grounds that these three people are senior members of Hezbollah in Lebanon and participated in many activities supporting Hezbollah.

　　　　　　 According to Reuters, this is the first time that the U.S. Treasury has sanctioned Lebanese parliamentarians, which is "quite unusual", and Lebanon has reacted strongly to it.

　　　　　　 On the 10th, Lebanese Speaker Berry condemned this sanction, believing that it was an "attack" by the US on the Lebanese Parliament and even Lebanon as a whole.

　　　　　　 In an interview with a TV station on the evening of the 9th local time, Lebanese Finance Minister Ali Hassan Khalil said that the US sanctions were "groundless and not conducive to financial stability" and "without justifiable reasons".

　　　　　　 On the 11th, members of the Lebanese Parliament belonging to the Party of Allah held a meeting in Beirut to discuss countermeasures. Two members who were sanctioned by the US side, mohamed hassan Raad and Amin Sheri, also attended the meeting.

　　　　　　 Hezbollah in Lebanon was founded in the 1980s, and has been listed as a terrorist organization by the United States since 1997. It has been sanctioned many times before. However, through the parliamentary elections in May last year and the formation of a new cabinet in January this year, Hezbollah’s influence in Lebanon continued to rise, which once again triggered US concerns.

The Associated Press said that Iran’s sanctions list includes American real estate companies and arms companies, prohibiting them from doing business with Iranian companies and prohibiting their executives from visiting Iran. The commentary said that Iran’s sanctions are more symbolic, because at present, it seems that these enterprises have no business in Iran.

On the 24th, the State Council announced that it would impose sanctions on 30 companies and individuals from China, North Korea, United Arab Emirates and other countries, accusing them of participating in the proliferation of nuclear materials in Iran, North Korea and Syria.

[knowledge extension]

How is the Iranian economy?

Iran is one of the major economies in Asia. Iran’s economic strength ranks seventh in Asia (after China, Japan, India, South Korea, Indonesia and Saudi Arabia). According to the preliminary data of the Economic Accounts Bureau of the Bank of Iran in 2011, the nominal GDP of Iran was 4,304,264 billion Iranian riyals in 1389 (March 21, 2010-March 20, 2011), with a year-on-year increase of 20.8%. According to the comparable basic price in 1376, the real GDP was 539,219 billion Iranian rials, up 5.8% year-on-year. The GDP deflator was 798.24, a year-on-year change of 14.3%.

In 2011, the nominal basic price GDP of Iran was equivalent to US$ 416.313 billion, the nominal market price GDP was equivalent to US$ 419.101 billion, and the per capita nominal market price GDP was about US$ 5,610. The economy is dominated by oil exploration, and Iran’s petrochemical, steel and automobile manufacturing industries are also relatively developed. The electronics industry, nuclear industry and computer software and hardware industries are developing rapidly. Iran’s machinery manufacturing industry has made great progress. Khuzestan is a petroleum industrial zone and an important gateway to the sea.

Iran is rich in oil and is the fourth largest oil producer in the world and the second largest oil exporter of OPEC. Oil is the lifeblood of Iraq’s economy and one of the main sources of foreign exchange income, which accounts for more than half of Iraq’s total foreign exchange income. Iraq’s economy maintained steady growth. In 2010, Iraq’s GDP was US$ 411.4 billion, a year-on-year increase of 2.9%, and its per capita GDP was US$ 5,478.

Iranian foreign policy

Iran pursues an independent and non-aligned foreign policy, opposes hegemonism, power politics and a unipolar world, and is willing to develop relations with all countries except Israel on the basis of mutual respect, equality and mutual benefit. Advocate dialogue among different civilizations and establish a just and rational new international political and economic order. It holds that the sovereignty and territorial integrity of a country should be respected, and each country has the right to choose the path of social development according to its own historical, cultural and religious traditions, and opposes western countries interfering in other countries’ internal affairs or imposing their own values on other countries under the pretext of democracy, freedom, human rights and disarmament. He believes that Israel is the main source of tension in the Middle East, supports the just struggle of the Palestinian people for the liberation of the occupied territories, and opposes the Arab-Israeli peace talks, but says that he will not take actions that interfere with or hinder the Middle East peace process. It advocates that peace and security in the Persian Gulf region should be achieved by the coastal countries through understanding and cooperation, and opposes foreign interference and foreign troops, expressing its willingness to become a stabilizing factor in the Persian Gulf region.

Extended reading:

The United States again sanctioned six China companies and three China citizens for the Iranian missile issue.

Zhongqing Online, Washington, March 25th (China Youth Daily, Ping Liu, correspondent of Zhongqing Online in the United States) On the afternoon of March 24th, local time, the State Council of the United States issued a statement, saying that it had decided to impose sanctions on 11 units and individuals who sold equipment and technologies related to weapons of mass destruction to Iran, North Korea and Syria in violation of the ban, including six China companies and three China citizens. This is the second round of US sanctions against China companies and individuals since Trump took office.

According to the statement, on March 21, the United States imposed sanctions on 30 companies and individuals in 10 countries according to the Iran, North Korea and Syria Non-Proliferation Law. He also said that these sanctions are not aimed at these countries or their governments, but reflect the enduring commitment of the US government to non-proliferation and promoting global stability and security.

The six China companies sanctioned by the United States are: Beijing Hua Zheng Electric Co., Ltd. and Dalian Zhenghua Maoyi Youxian Gongsi. Ningbo New Century Import and Export Company Limited, Shenzhen Yatai Da High-Tech Company Ltd, China Science and Technology Carbon Graphite Manufacturing Corporation (Dalian) (SINOTECH (Dalian) Carbon and Graphic Corporation SCGC) and Skyrise Technology Corporation Limited. The three China citizens are Jack Qin (Qin Xianhua), Jack Wang (Wang Wei) and Karl Lee (Karl Lee). The other two sanctioned companies belong to North Korea and United Arab League.

The statement said that the United States has "conclusive evidence" that these companies and individuals provide or obtain from Iran, North Korea or Syria other materials, services, technologies and other components that may help develop weapons of mass destruction and missile proliferation.

The statement also stated that the sanctions came into effect on March 21, 2017 and were valid for two years. The contents include: American government agencies must not have any relationship with the above-mentioned units and individuals; Shall not provide any projects and sign contracts to these units and individuals; Shall not sell any arms to these units and individuals; No new business licenses and licenses will be issued to these units and individuals, and the licenses already issued will be revoked.

At the beginning of last month, the Trump administration made an attack on Iran’s missile development for the first time. On February 3rd, the US Treasury Department announced the first wave of sanctions against Iran after taking office, including two China companies including Ningbo New Century Import and Export Co., Ltd. and three China citizens. At that time, the heads of the two China companies both said that they only exported normal goods, and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China also made representations to the United States. Lu Kang, a spokeswoman for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, said that she has taken note of the statements made by the companies concerned. China has always opposed any unilateral sanctions, especially if it harms the interests of third parties, it will not help to enhance mutual trust between the parties concerned, nor will it help the parties concerned to jointly solve some international problems.

related news

American ships claimed to be harassed and were approached by four Iranian ships at high speed, firing several warning bombs.

Continue reading »

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, January 3rd (Reporter Liu Zan, Song Ying and Zhu Ruiqing) In 2023, the world is still not peaceful. Geopolitical conflicts threaten world peace and stability, the global economic recovery is insufficient, and the current global governance system continues to face the challenge of change.

　　The cross-flow of the sea shows the true colors of heroes, and the wind is high and the waves are urgent.

　　In 2023, China’s diplomacy as a great power was vigorous, and it made an appeal for world peace and security, injected impetus into global development, contributed to improving global governance and coping with global risks and challenges, and left a strong mark on the great journey of building a community of human destiny.

　　(1) Contribute China’s wisdom to solving the international security dilemma.

　　Six brown wooden strips are cleverly locked with each other to form a stable whole. This is a souvenir presented to the members of the United Nations Security Council on the first day of China’s presidency in November 2023 &mdash; &mdash; Lubansuo

　　"It (Luban Lock) is like peace. It is easy to disassemble and difficult to assemble, and it is easy to destroy and difficult to rebuild. It may cause irreversible damage if it is rashly laid hands on. It is also like a difficult problem currently facing the Security Council. Only through careful observation and analysis, scientific methods and patience and confidence can we effectively solve the problem. " Zhang Jun, Permanent Representative of China to the United Nations, said.

　　On November 1, 2023, at the United Nations Headquarters in new york, Zhang Jun (left), Permanent Representative of China to the United Nations, gave a speech at the media briefing. Xinhua News Agency reporter Xie Yushe

　　It takes patience and wisdom to unlock Luban lock. Dealing with the complicated international situation requires sincerity, integrity and good prescription.

　　In the world of 2023, multiple contradictions are prominent, and regional conflicts continue. Maintaining peace and stability has become a top priority. Following the global security initiative put forward by China in 2022, the Concept Document of Global Security Initiative was released in February 2023, which explained the core concepts and principles of the initiative, defined the key cooperation directions of the initiative, put forward suggestions and ideas on the platform and mechanism of the initiative, and demonstrated China’s responsibility for maintaining world peace and firm determination to protect global security.

　　China is the initiator of the global security initiative and a firm practitioner. In the past year, China has been clamoring for world peace and striving for common security.

　　Around the latest round of Palestinian-Israeli conflict, China has made great efforts to promote a ceasefire. President’s top leaders attended the special video summit of BRICS leaders on the Palestinian-Israeli issue and sent a congratulatory message to the United Nations commemorative meeting on the International Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian People, expounding China’s position on the Palestinian-Israeli issue; The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China issued China’s Position Paper on Resolving the Palestinian-Israeli Conflict; Foreign Minister Wang Yi has in-depth communication with politicians and responsible persons of more than 20 countries and international organizations; The China administration’s special envoy for the Middle East visited five countries in the Middle East and attended the Cairo Peace Summit to carry out shuttle diplomacy; China has also provided emergency humanitarian assistance to the Gaza Strip. As the rotating president of the UN Security Council in November, China hosted a high-level meeting of the Security Council on the Palestinian-Israeli issue, and worked with other relevant parties to push the Security Council to adopt the first resolution since the outbreak of the conflict in November, demonstrating the consensus of the international community to promote peace. Ahmad ibrahim, a Saudi expert on international issues, said: "China stands on the side of peace, justice and international law on the Palestinian-Israeli issue."

　　In February 2023, on the first anniversary of the escalation of the Ukrainian crisis, China issued the document "China’s Position on the Political Settlement of the Ukrainian Crisis", which not only clarified the major principles for resolving the crisis, but also proposed a clear path out of the crisis, which was widely recognized by the international community. The China government sent a special representative for Eurasian affairs to have extensive contacts and exchanges with all parties. In May, he visited five countries including Russia and Ukraine, and in August, he went to Jeddah, Saudi Arabia to attend an international conference on Ukraine, striving to promote a political solution to the crisis. Saeb Ravache, an international analyst in Jordan, commented that China actively advocated ceasefire and peace talks, advocated dialogue and negotiations, and made unremitting efforts to implement global security initiatives.

　　On the issue of Afghanistan, China issued the document "China’s Position on Afghanistan", clearly indicating that China adheres to the "three respects" and "three never’s" and puts forward feasible measures on stabilizing the situation, peaceful reconstruction, anti-terrorism and drug control, international coordination and alleviating the humanitarian crisis.

　　In the past year, one of the most important achievements of China’s global security initiative was to promote reconciliation between Saudi Arabia and Iran. In March, Shay reached the Beijing Agreement with the support of China, and the three parties issued a joint statement. In April, witnessed by the Chinese side, the two sides signed a joint statement in Beijing, announcing the resumption of diplomatic relations that had been interrupted for seven years from now on. The two Middle Eastern powers shook hands and made peace under the mediation of China, which brought great benefits to the turbulent world. The rapid recovery of relations between Saudi Arabia and Iraq has led to the reconciliation of many countries in the Middle East, the normalization of relations between Qatar and other Gulf Arab countries, and Syria’s return to the League of Arab States &hellip; &hellip; The Middle East, which has been in turmoil for a long time because of external interference, has set off a "wave of reconciliation", and seeking peace, development and anti-interference has become the aspiration and general trend of regional countries. "China successfully mediated the resumption of diplomatic relations between Shay and opened a new era of reconciliation in the Middle East." Steven Wright, an associate professor at Hamad bin Khalifa University in Qatar, commented.

　　If the world loves each other, it will be ruled, and if it is evil, it will be chaotic. China actively practices the common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security concept, adheres to fairness and justice, injects more stability into the turbulent world, and wins wide recognition and support from the international community.

　　According to the article on the website of Eurasia Review, people are witnessing a major change in the geopolitical pattern in the 21st century, and China has become an important factor in maintaining global balance and stability. "Countries in Asia-Pacific, Africa and Latin America have all seen this."

　　"China has always been a staunch supporter, promoter and defender of world peace and development, a staunch force of the international community to safeguard and guarantee peace, and its contribution to world and regional peace is obvious to all." Bambang Suryono, chairman of the Asian Innovation Research Center of Indonesian think tank, said.

　　(2) Contributing China’s strength to solving global development problems

　　"Jakarta-Bandung High-speed Railway is jointly built by China and Indonesia &lsquo; Belt and Road &rsquo; Cooperative &lsquo; Gold signboard &rsquo; China is willing to sum up successful experience with Indonesia, do a good job in follow-up high-quality operations, and cultivate the Jakarta-Bandung High-speed Railway Economic Belt. " On October 17, 2023, the Chairman of the Supreme Leader said this when he held talks in the Great Hall of the People with Indonesian President Joko who came to China to attend the third Belt and Road International Cooperation Summit Forum and paid a state visit. After the talks, the two heads of state jointly unveiled the official opening of Jakarta-Bandung High-speed Railway.

　　After more than two months of operation, this high-speed rail line connecting Jakarta, the capital of Indonesia, and Bandung, a famous tourist city, has sent more than 1 million passengers. It not only shortens the time and space distance between cities, but also promotes the optimization and upgrading of local industrial structure and empowers economic development along the route. Zoco expressed the hope that more development plans in Indonesia can be connected with the "Belt and Road Initiative".

　　Jakarta-Bandung High-speed Railway is a significant landmark achievement of the "One Belt, One Road" jointly established by China and Indonesia, and it is also the latest example of China joining hands with the world and seeking common development.

　　This is a moving Jakarta-Bandung High-speed Railway high-speed EMU (photo of unmanned aerial vehicle) taken on December 6, 2023 near the Indonesian Bandung Dekarur Station. Xinhua News Agency reporter Xu Qinshe

　　In Africa, the "One Belt, One Road" cooperation has achieved fruitful results, with frequent good news: the Laiji deepwater port in Nigeria opened for operation, the terminals of Zimbabwe and Angola international airports were successfully completed, and the Cocody Bridge in C? te d ‘Ivoire was completed and opened to traffic &hellip; &hellip; In August 2023, Chinese and African leaders gathered in Johannesburg, South Africa, and held a dialogue meeting between Chinese and African leaders during the 15th meeting of BRICS leaders. After the meeting, China issued the Initiative to Support Africa’s Industrialization, China’s Plan to Help Africa’s Agricultural Modernization and China-Africa Cooperation Plan to support Africa’s integration and modernization.

　　In the Asia-Pacific region, during the series of East Asian cooperation leaders’ meetings in September 2023, the China-ASEAN leaders’ meeting issued a joint statement on the "Belt and Road Initiative" and the prospect of mutually beneficial cooperation with ASEAN Indo-Pacific, and adopted cooperation documents in the fields of agriculture, e-commerce and scientific and technological innovation; At the 30th APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting in November, the Chairman of the Supreme Leader delivered an important speech, pointing out the direction for jointly building the next "golden 30 years" of Asia-Pacific development.

　　On the occasion of the 10th anniversary of the "One Belt, One Road" initiative, the third "One Belt, One Road" international cooperation summit forum held in Beijing in October 2023 attracted more than 150 countries and reached a project cooperation agreement with a total amount of 97.2 billion US dollars. "What we are pursuing is not China’s independent modernization, but we are looking forward to working with other countries, including developing countries, to realize modernization together." At the summit forum, the Chairman of the Supreme Leader put forward the grand vision of working together to realize the world modernization of peaceful development, mutually beneficial cooperation and common prosperity, announced China’s eight actions to support the high-quality construction of the Belt and Road, and defined the direction of future efforts for the high-quality construction of the Belt and Road. Many delegates believe that the joint construction of the "Belt and Road" shows a new vision of modernization. Former Serbian President boris Tadic said that China has given new meaning to modernization and advocated harmonious coexistence between different countries and harmonious economic and social progress. "This is an important contribution to world modernization, and it represents hope and future.".

　　Development is the key for all countries to realize world modernization hand in hand. Since the global development initiative was put forward in 2021, China has been pushing the international community to refocus on development and put development issues at the center of the international cooperation agenda. During the UN General Assembly in September, 2023, China hosted a high-level meeting to showcase the cooperation achievements of global development initiatives and released the report "Practical Achievements and World Contributions of Global Development Initiatives". Participants spoke highly of the initiative’s outstanding contribution to rallying development consensus and helping to implement the UN Agenda 2030, and unanimously expressed their expectation to deeply participate in the initiative cooperation, adhere to multilateralism and revitalize the global development agenda.

　　China’s circle of free trade partners has been expanding from the first round of negotiations with Honduras to the signing of free trade agreements with Ecuador, Nicaragua and Serbia respectively, from the first round of negotiations on China-ASEAN Free Trade Area Version 3.0 to the signing of a protocol on further upgrading the free trade agreement with Singapore.

　　Consumer Expo, Service Trade Fair, China International Import Expo(CIIE), Canton Fair &hellip; &hellip; Major exhibitions are resumed offline, providing more opportunities for China, a big market with a population of more than 1.4 billion. The first China International Supply Chain Promotion Expo, held in Beijing from the end of November to the beginning of December, was the first national-level exhibition with the theme of supply chain in the world. 515 Chinese and foreign enterprises and institutions participated in the exhibition, and more than 200 cooperation agreements and intention agreements were signed, involving more than 150 billion yuan. Under the background of some countries encouraging "decoupling and breaking chains" and "small courtyard and high wall", enterprises from all countries have jointly issued the voice of maintaining the stability and smoothness of the global industrial chain supply chain with practical actions.

　　Veronica Nikishenna, general manager of Russian Export Center, believes that when some countries engage in trade protectionism, China shares the China market with the world by holding a series of exhibitions and other activities, promoting mutual benefit and win-win through opening up, and embodying China’s cooperation concept of openness, inclusiveness, balance of benefits and mutual benefit.

　　(3) Demonstrate China’s responsibility for improving global governance.

　　"The consensus reached between China and the United States is an important achievement made before the opening of COP28 &hellip; &hellip; These goals (in the consensus) will have a far-reaching impact on our future generations. " Sultan Jaber, President of the 28th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP28), spoke of the statement issued by China and the United States in mid-November on strengthening cooperation to cope with the climate crisis, and expressed such heartfelt sigh.

　　Global warming is one of the main global challenges facing mankind at present, which is related to the future survival and development of mankind. After China announced the Action Plan for Methane Emission Control in early November, it reached the above-mentioned consensus with the United States, showing the world its determination to deal with climate change and injecting momentum into COP28, which opened at the end of November.

　　At this meeting, China not only cooperated with developing countries to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests, but also actively promoted dialogue and consultation with other parties to provide solutions acceptable to all parties, and finally promoted the success of the climate conference called "the most difficult" in recent years. At the closing plenary meeting of the conference, China called for a broad consensus, and many representatives made it clear that "we agree with China".

　　On December 13th, 2023, at the closing plenary meeting of the United Nations Conference on Climate Change in Dubai, the participants stood up and applauded after Sultan Jaber, Chairman of COP28, announced the "UAE Consensus". Xinhua News Agency reporter Wang Dongzhen photo

　　China has not only made promises to deal with climate change, but also taken practical actions. David Dodwell, CEO of Strategic Access Consulting, USA, wrote that China has carefully promised and exceeded its commitments in climate action, and other countries should learn from China.

　　Responding to global risk challenges such as climate change requires an effective global governance system. Among them, maintaining the stability of relations between major powers is particularly crucial. In 2023, China made great efforts to build a pattern of relations between major powers with peaceful coexistence, overall stability and balanced development, and contributed positive energy to maintaining global strategic stability.

　　From steadily coping with the difficult challenges faced by Sino-US relations, to receiving senior officials such as US Secretary of State Blinken, Finance Minister Yellen and Commerce Minister Raymond to visit China in the middle of the year, and then the Chairman of the Supreme Leader went to the United States to meet with US President Biden in November, and achieved many achievements in managing differences and carrying out related cooperation. Facing the United States’ persistent provocation of "great power competition", China has always developed Sino-US relations on the principle of mutual respect, peaceful coexistence and win-win cooperation, and promoted Sino-US relations to stop falling and stabilize.

　　Chinese and Russian leaders exchanged visits in 2023, drawing a new blueprint for bilateral relations. High-level exchanges between the two sides are frequent, mechanisms such as Sino-Russian strategic security consultations and regular meetings between Chinese and Russian prime ministers are running smoothly, the two countries maintain good cooperation in international and regional affairs, and the comprehensive strategic partnership of cooperation between China and Russia in the new era is stronger.

　　The China-EU leaders’ meeting resumed offline. On the occasion of the 20th anniversary of the establishment of China-EU comprehensive strategic partnership, the two sides made strategic guidance on further deepening China-EU relations and sent a positive signal to make joint efforts to promote the further development of China-EU relations.

　　An effective global governance system needs to reflect the reasonable demands of all countries in the world. In 2023, China will lead the way in the reform of the international system and order, continue to unite with developing countries, and promote the development of the global governance system in a more just and rational direction.

　　From the seventh summit of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States in January, when the Chairman of the Supreme Leader was invited to make a video speech, to the summit of "Group of 77 and China" held in Havana, Cuba in September, China sent a strong voice of strengthening unity and cooperation with the developing countries, and made joint efforts to enhance the representation and voice of developing countries in global governance.

　　New progress has been made in the expansion of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the BRICS cooperation mechanism. The Shanghai Cooperation Organization Summit held in July officially accepted Iran as a member state and approved the signing of a memorandum on Belarus’ obligations to join the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. At the 15th meeting of BRICS leaders in Johannesburg, South Africa in August, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, United Arab Emirates, Iran and Ethiopia were invited to join the BRICS family.

　　Suzdaltsev, an associate professor in the Department of World Economics and Politics of the Russian State Higher School of Economics, said that the SCO and the BRICS cooperation mechanism are becoming one of the emerging multipolar world centers. Australia’s "Pearl and Stimulation" website article believes that the two meetings between the SCO and the BRICS countries show that the world geopolitical order is undergoing major changes, and the global economic focus is shifting from the West to the East.

　　(D) What kind of world to build and how to build it, and give China’s plan.

　　Over the past year, whether it is committed to maintaining peace and promoting development, or responding to global risk challenges and promoting the reform of the global governance system, China’s diplomacy is based on the fundamental understanding that human beings are in the same home on earth and the destiny of all countries in the world is shared, with building a community of human destiny as the highest goal.

　　In 2023, the relationship between China and many countries was upgraded, and the global partnership network was broader and higher in quality. New progress has been made in building a bilateral community of destiny. China and the five Central Asian countries have achieved full coverage of the community of human destiny at the bilateral level, and announced with Vietnam that they will join hands to build a strategic community of destiny between China and Vietnam.

　　Especially concerned by the international community, following the global development initiative and global security initiative, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader put forward the global civilization initiative at the high-level dialogue meeting with world political parties in the Communist Party of China (CPC) in March 2023, advocating respect for the diversity of world civilization, promoting the common values of all mankind, attaching importance to the inheritance and innovation of civilization, and strengthening international humanities exchanges and cooperation, which further enriched and expanded the practical path of building a community of human destiny. A series of cultural exchange activities, such as the China-Russia Sports Exchange Year, the China-Pakistan Tourism Exchange Year, the Chengdu Universiade and the Hangzhou Asian Games, let the world see China’s sincere will and practical actions to implement the global civilization initiative and promote the exchange and mutual learning of civilizations.

　　On September 23rd, 2023, the last torchbearer Wang Shun and the digital torchbearer lit the main torch at the opening ceremony of the Asian Games in Hangzhou. Xinhua News Agency reporter Cheng Tingting photo

　　According to the article published on the website of Zimbabwe’s Sunday Post, the three initiatives are full of China’s wisdom, which is of great practical significance and practical value for promoting different countries and civilizations to jointly meet the common challenges faced by all countries, and will inject strong impetus into the process of human modernization and the building of a community of human destiny.

　　At the end of 2023, the Central Conference on Foreign Affairs was held in Beijing. The meeting systematically summed up the historical achievements and valuable experience of diplomacy with China as a big country with characteristics in the new era, profoundly expounded the international environment and historical mission faced by foreign work in the new journey, and made comprehensive arrangements for foreign work at present and in the future.

　　In particular, the meeting profoundly summarized and summarized the core concept of building a community of human destiny, the supreme leader’s diplomatic thought: building a community of human destiny is to build a world of lasting peace, universal security, common prosperity, openness, tolerance, cleanliness and beauty, to promote global governance that is jointly built and shared, to practice the common values of all mankind, and to promote the construction of new international relations as the basic support. Guided by the implementation of global development initiatives, global security initiatives and global civilization initiatives, and building the "Belt and Road" with high quality as a practical platform, we will push all countries to work together to meet challenges, achieve common prosperity, and push the world towards a bright future of peace, security, prosperity and progress.

　　Everything breeds without harming each other, and Tao runs parallel without contradicting each other. Building a community of human destiny is the future of people all over the world. It is China’s Chinese plan for what kind of world to build and how to build it. It embodies the Communist Party of China (CPC) people’s world outlook, order outlook and values, conforms to the general aspirations of people all over the world, points out the direction of world civilization and progress, and is the lofty goal pursued by China as a big country in the new era.

　　Isaac anquela, a senior researcher at the Center for Africa-China Policy Consulting, a think tank in Ghana, believes that, in essence, the theme and framework of China’s foreign policy agenda are centered on the vision of building a community of human destiny. This concept clearly expresses China’s views on strengthening global governance, meeting global security and development challenges and promoting global peace and development.

　　Rehab Mahmoud, Egyptian Dean of the Confucius Institute at Cairo University, said that the concept of building a community of human destiny advocated by China is highly compatible with Chinese excellent traditional culture, which will greatly promote international security, peace and development and effectively enhance the well-being of people around the world.

　　I will ride the wind and break the heavy waves some day, and then set the cloudlike sail and cross the sea. Looking around the world, the world has entered a new period of turbulence and change, but the general direction of human development and progress will not change, the general logic of tortuous progress in world history will not change, and the general trend of shared destiny of the international community will not change. On the new journey, the diplomacy of a big country with China characteristics will enter a new stage where it can do more, and it will surely play a new cadenza on the world stage and make new and greater contributions to building a community of human destiny.

　　1. From 17 to 19, there was a rare heavy rain and snow weather in the central and eastern regions during the same period in history.

　　Since November 17th, there has been a large range of heavy rain and snow in the central and eastern regions of China, which has a wide range of influence and strong intensity, and is rare in the same period in history.

　　According to the monitoring data, as of the morning of the 19th, there were heavy blizzards in parts of southeastern Heilongjiang, northwestern Jilin, central and southeastern Inner Mongolia, and heavy blizzards in Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, Tongliao and Chifeng, Inner Mongolia (snowfall 20 ~ 43mm); Heavy rains occurred in southeastern Jilin, eastern Liaoning, Shandong, central and eastern Henan, central and northern Jiangsu, central and northern Anhui, southwestern and eastern Hubei, northern Chongqing, northeastern Sichuan and other places, and heavy rains occurred in Dandong, Liaoning and northern Chongqing (rainfall 100 ~ 141 mm); The depth of snow in southeastern Heilongjiang, western Jilin and central and eastern Inner Mongolia is 5-10 cm, and the local area is 15-25 cm.

　　According to statistics, the daily precipitation of 243 national meteorological observatories in Liaoning, Jilin, Inner Mongolia, Shandong, Henan and other places has exceeded the historical extreme in November since meteorological records were recorded.

　　On the morning of the 19th, the heavy rain and snow process was still not over, and the Central Meteorological Observatory issued a yellow warning of blizzard: It is expected that there will be heavy snowstorms in parts of central and eastern Heilongjiang and central and northern Jilin in the next 24 hours, among which there will be heavy snowstorms in the eastern part of Heilongjiang (20 ~ 23 mm); The depth of newly added snow in the above areas is 5 ~ 10 cm, and the local area is more than 15 cm.

　　2. A new round of rain, snow and cooling weather struck from 20th to 22nd.

　　It is expected that there will be a large-scale rain and snow cooling weather again in the central and eastern regions from the 20th to the 22nd. The specific forecast is as follows:

　　Rain and snow forecast: From 20th to 22nd, there will be small to medium snow or sleet in the eastern part of northwest China, northern Sichuan Plateau, north China, northern Huanghuai and south-central part of northeast China, and there will be heavy snow or blizzard in the southeast of Qinghai, southern Gansu, north-central Shaanxi, Shanxi and northwest Hebei, with 1-5 cm of newly added snow and 8-10 cm of local area. There are small to moderate rains in the eastern part of Southwest China, southern Huanghuai, Jianghan, Jianghuai, Jiangnan and South China, and heavy rains in Chongqing, northwestern Hunan, Hubei and central Anhui.

　　Temperature forecast: From 19th to 23rd, affected by two cold air streams, the temperature in the central and eastern regions will continue to drop, with the temperature dropping by 8 ~ 12℃ in most areas, with the temperature dropping by more than 14℃ in parts of the south of the Yangtze River and northern South China. After the cold air passes, the lowest temperature 0℃ line will be pressed to the south-central part of Huanghuai on the morning of 23rd or 24th, in which the lowest temperature in north and northeast China is-12 ~-8℃ and the lowest temperature in south China and Huanghuai is-4 ~ 0℃. There are 4 ~ 6 northerly winds and 7 ~ 8 gusts in the north of the Yangtze River and the west of the south of the Yangtze River.

　　Meteorologists reminded that the public should guard against the adverse effects of snow and ice on roads caused by rain and snow and low visibility weather on travel traffic; Under the continuous suppression of cold air, the temperature in the south of the Yangtze River and the north will continue to drop in the next few days. Please ask the public to increase their clothes in time, take measures to prevent cold and wind, and beware of catching a cold.

　　(Editor: Su Jessie)

On February 15th, DuckDuckGo browser announced a cross-platform password sharing function yesterday.

It is reported that DuckDuckGo browser originally supported users to import bookmarks and passwords from other browsers into DuckDuckGo, but the newly added "password synchronization function" allows users to freely synchronize bookmarks and passwords of DuckDuckGo browsers on various platforms without logging in to an account.

IT House inquired about the official press release of DuckDuckGo, and learned that DuckDuckGo claimed that although competitors such as Google also provided similar cross-platform password sharing functions, while users enjoyed cross-platform password sharing, relevant private information would be quietly obtained by Google.

The advantage of DuckDuckGo is that users only need to scan the QR code to synchronize bookmarks and passwords. After the synchronization is completed, users can manually store the backup "Recovery PDF" file in a safe place. If the user’s device is lost or damaged, they can use "Recovery PDF" to recover their passwords and bookmark data.

　　CCTV News:Yesterday (August 27th), at the media briefing of "Financial Knowledge Popularization Month" in 2021, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission focused on the popularization of financial knowledge such as reasonable borrowing and rational consumption for young consumers such as teenagers and school students. At the same time, focus on popularizing the concept of rational investment for the elderly, improve their anti-fraud awareness and self-protection ability, and require that banking and insurance institutions should not force the elderly to use bank cards, and should not force and violate regulations to handle business through self-service smart devices instead of the elderly.