Original Zhao Bei Ten-Point Science

Because of the aging immune system, vaccines are less effective for the elderly. Scientists believe that it is more important and more widely used to develop drugs that can enhance the immune function of the elderly than to develop vaccines for the elderly.

Along with skin aging, there is also the immune system. | Figure worm creativity

Author | Doctor of Immunology, Zhao Bei

Recently, many deaths caused by influenza vaccine in Korea have attracted attention. As of October 31st, the death toll rose to 83, of which 71 were over 70 years old (accounting for 85.5%). In addition to the possible quality problems of the vaccine itself, it also reminds us of the fact that the role of the vaccine for young people and the elderly is different.

This is also a difficult point in the development of COVID19 vaccine.

Increasing age, and aging immune system

As people get older, we experience a series of physical changes, such as hearing loss, skin relaxation, joint injury and so on, and even the vitality of the immune system gradually decreases. This phenomenon is called "immune aging". This is also the reason why the elderly have become the main targets of infection and death in Covid-19.

In the face of the out-of-control epidemic in COVID-19, USA, and the emergence of the second round of epidemic peak in Europe, vaccine research and development is in full swing in various countries, which is expected to be a life-saving straw to reverse the situation.

However, vaccines, a means of "actively mobilizing the human immune system to prevent real virus attacks", are usually far less effective in the elderly population-the immune response of the elderly to vaccines is often weaker. That is, the immune system of the elderly is more difficult to be mobilized by vaccines.

This means that vaccines may not protect those who need protection most.

So, how does the immune system age?

Our bodies are naturally resistant to most pathogens. Although the environment is full of pathogens, we still live well most of the time.

The human immune system is divided into innate immunity and acquired immunity. The former is universal immunity. When the body encounters foreign objects (such as skin and mucous membrane), innate immunity will respond quickly. However, although it responds quickly, its ability is limited and it is often broken. For example, when it meets Covid-19, it can’t hold on.

The latter is the acquired immunity of the body, that is, for some pathogens that have not been seen before, the body must first fight with it and learn from it before it can gain immunity to it. The power of acquired immunity is very powerful. As long as the body can withstand the attack of pathogens in "learning" and meet the same pathogens in the future, it will not be a problem at all. For example, infectious diseases such as smallpox and chickenpox, if you get it once, you will generally not get it again.

When the body is invaded by foreign pathogens, such as viruses, innate immunity and acquired immunity will cooperate to resist.

In the innate immune system, immune cells, such as phagocytes and natural killer cells, will recognize or even devour the virus first, and secrete a large number of cytokines to summon more immune cells with different functions to join the battle. Some of these cells, such as phagocytes and dendritic cells, will also transmit the antigens of these viruses (substances that can cause antibody production) to the subsequent T cells and B cells, which are representatives of acquired immune cells.

T-cells and B-cells (shown here as antibodies produced by B-cells) are representatives of immune cells, and they are named after mature parts. The former is mature in thymus (English) and the latter is mature in bone marrow (English). Both are star immune cells. | Figure worm creativity

These two kinds of cells can not only produce antibodies and cytokines to quickly destroy the virus, but also form specific memory cells, so that they can respond quickly after encountering the same virus again.

When the immune system destroys the virus, immune cells will gather locally in the body, forming redness, swelling and heat pain, which is what we usually call inflammation. Proinflammatory factors secreted during this period, such as interleukin -1 and tumor necrosis factor α, can promote the elimination of pathogenic microorganisms, but excessive inflammation may lead to cytokine storms and even life-threatening. Another kind of anti-inflammatory factor, such as interleukin -10, can prevent excessive inflammation and maintain the balance of the body environment.

These factors together constitute our immunity.

And what will happen to our immune function as we get older? What is the impact on vaccine development?

Compared with young people, the immune aging of the elderly is mainly manifested in two aspects:

The initial number of T cells and B cells decreased. Vaccine mainly stimulates B cells to produce antibodies. Only when there are a large number of B cells with high diversity of receptors in the body, the greater the probability of recognizing antigens, and the targeted (directional) antibodies and memory B cells can be formed. -The decrease of B cells will undoubtedly weaken this effect.

Chronic low-grade inflammation is easy to occur after vaccination. The aging and necrotic cells in the elderly can not be removed in time, which will stimulate the immune system continuously, causing immune cells (such as macrophages) to continuously secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the immune response cannot be terminated. The consequence is that the immune system can’t respond the next time the pathogenic microorganism attacks the human body, that is, immune dysfunction.

These lead to different effects of vaccines in the elderly and young people.

Vaccine research and development under "immune aging";

A special vaccine or an auxiliary drug to reverse aging?

For Covid-19, there are about 50 kinds of vaccines being tested in the world, but scientists are still not sure whether the vaccines are equally effective for the elderly.

One of the vaccines "mRNA-1273" being developed by Moderna, a biological company located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, produced antibody levels similar to those of younger subjects in 40 subjects over the age of 56.

However, Pfizer and BioNTech, pharmaceutical companies located in Mainz, Germany, found in the first phase of the experiment that the antibody level induced by the vaccine "BNT162b2" was only half that of young people. It is certain that the antibody level produced by the elderly after vaccination is higher than that caused by the virus infection of their peers, but this is still not enough to explain whether the antibody induced by "BNT162b2" is enough to protect the elderly from the real virus attack.

Most of the vaccines being developed have elderly subjects, but more than half of the 18 latest candidate vaccines have no elderly subjects in clinical trials, which greatly increases the potential risks of vaccines to the elderly.

Some vaccines are being developed, which may have hidden dangers for the elderly. | Figure worm creativity

Facing the phenomenon of immune aging of the elderly, scientists are also actively looking for strategies.

Mainly includes the following two aspects:

(1) The first is how to enhance the immune response of the elderly induced by vaccines.

According to the experience in the research and development of influenza vaccine, the elderly are usually treated by increasing immune stimulating components (such as adjuvants) or increasing the dose of virus antigen to achieve the expected antibody level.

Other scientists have turned to developing drugs to enhance the immune system function of the elderly, that is, supplementing drugs at the same time of vaccination. This way aims to promote the rejuvenation of the immune system of the elderly, even reverse immune aging, and can also resist the virus more effectively when it is infected.

In the above two schemes, the research on reversing age, especially immune aging, has made some progress. In the past 20 years, scientists have found some key small molecular targets. One kind of anti-aging drugs acts on the protein molecule mTOR in the cell growth regulation pathway. Experiments show that inhibiting the expression of mTOR can prolong the life of Drosophila and even mice.

Joan Mannick, one of the founders of resTORbio, a biotechnology company in Boston, Massachusetts, USA, said that "mTOR participates in many biological regulation mechanisms, especially the process of human aging and organ dysfunction".

During his work at Novartis Institute in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Mannick published a study on mTOR protein in 2018, trying to answer the question "Can reducing the content of mTOR protein in the elderly improve the immune system function of the elderly?". 264 participants in the study received low-dose mTOR inhibitor or placebo respectively, and after six weeks, the infection rate of influenza virus and the effect of influenza vaccine were followed up. It was found that the number of people suffering from influenza in the elderly who received mTOR inhibitors decreased significantly, and the immune response caused by influenza vaccine was stronger.

Another study shows that mTOR inhibitor RTB101 can enhance the immune response of the elderly after coronavirus infection, and the elderly who receive mTOR inhibitor have lower coronavirus load and recover faster. At present, resTORbio is testing the preventive or therapeutic effect of RTB101 on Covid-19 infection in 550 elderly people over 65 years old in nursing homes.

In addition, at least four research teams are studying the therapeutic effect of rapamycin, another more mature mTOR inhibitor, on the elderly over 60 years old infected with COVID-19.

In addition, metformin, a drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, also inhibits the activity of mTOR protein. Clinical data from China and the United States show that diabetic or obese patients who take metformin have less symptoms of Covid-19 infection and lower mortality.

Carolyn Bramante, a researcher at the University of Minnesota in the United States, pointed out that people with diabetes and obesity show immune deficiency very similar to that of the elderly. At present, Bramante and his colleagues are conducting a study involving 1,500 people to explore whether taking metformin can prevent Covid-19’s infection or alleviate its symptoms. Although the mechanism is not clear, decades of clinical data show that metformin has high safety, can be used in children and even pregnant women, and the cost is very low, which are the advantages of metformin.

(2) The second key is how to avoid causing or how to terminate chronic inflammatory reaction.

Studies have found that losmapimod, an anti-inflammatory drug used to treat muscular dystrophy, can inhibit chronic inflammatory response and improve the body’s response when viruses or bacteria invade. A biological company in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA recruited 400 volunteers to verify the therapeutic effect of losmapimod on patients with COVID-19. The drug may be able to treat symptoms such as respiratory failure after Covid-19 infection, thus saving patients’ lives.

Many scientists say that it is more important to develop drugs to enhance the immune function of the elderly than to develop COVID-19 vaccine for the elderly, and the latter is more universal, which can improve the protection effect of influenza vaccine, COVID-19 vaccine and even other vaccines in the future. A deep understanding of immune aging and its regulation mechanism and the development of related drugs will also have far-reaching implications for the treatment of other diseases such as diabetes and cancer.

In short, although there are always difficulties in vaccine development, known or unknown, scientists have been working hard and believe that methods will always be found.

(Editor Gao Peiwen)

Original information:

Cassandra Willyard, Nature vol 586, 15.10.2020

Reference information:

1. Anderson E. J.et al., N. Engl. J. Med., 2020

2. Walsh E. E. etal., Preprint at medRxiv https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.17.20176651 (2020)

3. Helfand B. K. I. et al., JAMA Intern. Med., 2020

4. Mannick J. B. et al., Sci. Transl. Med., 2020

5. Luo P. et al., Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 2020

6. Bramante, C. et al., Preprint at medRxiv https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.19.20135095(2020)

7. Vukmanovic-Stejic M. et al., J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 2018

The article was published by "Ten Points of Science" (ID: Science _ 10) WeChat official account, please indicate the source.

Original title: "Immune aging that cannot be underestimated: old age may lead to ineffective vaccines"

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　　Recently, Hu Yue, associate professor and doctoral supervisor of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, has caused a heated discussion because he published 60 SCI papers in five years.

　　According to the teacher’s personal homepage of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hu Yue received a bachelor’s degree in applied chemistry from East China University of Science and Technology in 2012 and a doctorate in chemistry from Edinburgh University in 2016.

　　In the same year, she joined Wuhan Photoelectric National Research Center of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and has been engaged in theoretical and experimental research of photovoltaic materials for solar cells for a long time.

　　In self-introduction, Hu Yue mentioned that in the past five years, she has published more than 60 SCI papers, including 21 papers by the first correspondent, including 1 paper by Science, 1 paper by Joule and 1 paper by Advanced Materials. At present, there are 2 highly cited papers on ESI.

　　Nine groups of journalists found that in the statistical table of journal impact factors released in June this year, the impact factor of Science was 47.728, that of Joule was 41.248, and that of Advanced Materials was 30.849. Impact factor refers to the frequency with which articles in a periodical are cited in a specific year or period. Generally speaking, the higher the impact factor, the greater the influence of the journal.

　　Some netizens said that before Hu Yue joined Huazhong University of Science and Technology, there were only four papers by the first author, and one paper was output on average one month after joining the company, and his paper was suspected of "irrigation".

　　"Our teacher didn’t do anything wrong, but the mistake was too much exposure." On the afternoon of December 13th, han hongwei, the leader of Hu Yue’s research group and professor of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, responded to the reporter.

　　"Our research group has a large number of people and published many articles, which has caused some misunderstandings." Han hongwei said.

　　The leader of the research group responded: The mistake is that there is too much exposure.

　　"We didn’t expect the heat to be so high, and this matter was misinterpreted." Han hongwei said.

　　His office is next door to Hu Yue. On December 13th, he answered the phone all afternoon and walked in a hurry. Referring to Hu Yue, he said angrily, "Our teacher didn’t do anything wrong, but the mistake was too much exposure."

　　On December 8th, a post-90s doctoral supervisor was often recognized as a "teacher elder sister"! The introduction is very eye-catching! The article was reprinted by many media, allowing Hu Wei to enter the public eye. While gaining praise, Hu Yue’s resume also sparked heated discussion.

　　In the article, Hu Yue said that her grandfather graduated from Zhejiang University with a bachelor’s degree and a master’s degree, and she has been engaged in chemical-related work. Her interest in scientific research was enlightened by her grandfather. In 2008, Hu Yue was admitted to the School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of East China University of Science and Technology. In 2009, she joined the team of Academician Tian He and participated in the national innovative experimental program for college students to carry out research on "dye-sensitized solar cells". Therefore, some netizens speculated that Hu Yue relied on his grandfather to obtain academic resources.

　　On December 14th, Hu Yue responded in an interview with China Science News that his grandfather was a retired engineer of former Wuhan Chemical Industry Bureau, not an academician of Internet communication. According to public reports, Hu Yue scored 626 points in the college entrance examination that year, ranking first among Hubei candidates admitted by East China University of Science and Technology. With such good grades, she joined the Department of Science and Technology Excellence of East China University of Science and Technology, and had the opportunity to choose Professor Tian He as her tutor.

　　On the teacher’s personal homepage of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hu Yue briefly mentioned that in the past five years, she has published more than 60 SCI papers, including 21 first/correspondent papers. Including 1 science, 1 Joule, 1 advanced materials, 2 advanced energy materials, 2 advanced functional materials, 1 ACS energy letter and 1 energy & environmental science. At present, Google Scholar has cited more than 1,800 times, with an H index of 24, and 2 papers have been selected as highly cited papers in ESI.

　　Hu Yue’s research field. Network screenshot

　　Han hongwei explained why the number of Hu Yue’s articles is as high as 60: "As a teacher of the research group, we will collectively take a group of students to give guidance from different angles and different professional backgrounds. If the teacher contributes, we will write his name in." He added that apart from the first author, co-first author and correspondent, other teachers are only participants, and their contribution may be only 1% or 10%, and they are not responsible for the article.

　　According to WeChat official account, the official of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, at present, Hu Yue and Professor han hongwei have jointly trained five doctoral students and five master students independently. Three master students have graduated, two have entered Huawei and one has gone to Zhejiang University for further study.

　　"Our research group has a large number of people and published many articles, which has caused some misunderstandings." Han hongwei said.

　　He was promoted to associate professor in two years and became a doctoral supervisor in three years.

　　"Young" and "excellent" are Hu Yue’s most conspicuous labels. The short film "Chasing the Light — — In Hu Yue, Hu Yue said: "I am an associate professor and doctoral supervisor born in the 1990s. When I first returned to China, many students were even older than me."

　　During the undergraduate course, she studied with Professor Hua Jianli of East China University of Science and Technology and Academician Tian He. In the representative papers listed by Professor Hua Jianli in official website, East China University of Science and Technology, Hu Yue’s name appeared in the author list of six papers, and the publishing time was from 2014 to 2017.

　　In 2012, after graduating from Hu Yue University, he applied for a full scholarship with excellent results and entered the University of Edinburgh to continue solar cell research. In 2016, Hu Yue received his Ph.D. and joined Huazhong University of Science and Technology through the postdoctoral talent introduction program.

　　According to the upstream news report, there are four papers published by Hu Yue in 2016, which are neither the first author nor the correspondent author, and of these four papers, only one is more valuable, but it is not the top publication. Therefore, some netizens think: "At this level, if the postdoctoral experience is not gilded, it is difficult to get a teaching position in a school like Huake."

　　In this regard, Hu Yue said in an interview with China Science News that during her doctoral period, she published more than 10 papers, among which 6 were first authors or co-first authors. After graduating from Ph.D., she first entered Huazhong University of Science and Technology as a postdoctoral fellow and stayed at school after leaving the station.

　　Official website of Huazhong University of Science and Technology shows that Hu Yue went to Oxford University, London Imperial College London and Lausanne Federal Institute of Technology for cooperation and exchange for one or three months during his doctoral studies.

　　After entering Huazhong University of Science and Technology, the number of articles published by Hu Yue increased significantly. The reporter found in Google Academic Search that Hu Yue published 13 papers in 2017.

　　In 2018, she and associate professor Rong Guangguang of Huazhong University of Science and Technology and Dr. Mei Anyi published a paper as the co-first author, which was published in Science magazine, and the project also won the support of major research plan integration projects and key projects of the National Natural Science Foundation.

　　In the same year, Hu Yue was promoted to associate professor and became a doctoral supervisor in 2019.

　　The office door is covered with cartoon images.

　　At five o’clock on the afternoon of December 13th, the building of Wuhan Optoelectronic National Research Center in the east campus of Huazhong University of Science and Technology was full of busy students.

　　In the corridor, five students around the round table discussed the group work fiercely. A black boy wearing headphones came out of the laboratory and stared blankly out of the window. There were four graduate students at the corner of the stairs to define the division of labor for the next project presentation.

　　Hu Yue works on the eighth floor. In a row of offices, hers is the most special. The gray door is covered with the image of opening, an orange cat sticker is stuck by the door, and the stills of Naruto are skewed in the center, with two molecular formulas sandwiched between them.

　　Hu Yue’s office. Figure/Nine School News Ma Jieying

　　The reporter found that Hu Yue had only one project practice class recently.

　　Liu Yilin (pseudonym), a graduate student at the School of Optoelectronic and Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, said that Hu Yue spends most of her time in the laboratory, but recently, because of her graduation thesis defense, she rarely appears in this building. "I am not here these days." Liu Yilin said.

　　Liu Yilin’s impression of Hu Yue is "tenderness". Because they are not in the same research group, there is not much communication. The only communication between him and Hu Yue was when he defended his graduation thesis last year. At that time, as soon as he showed the results of his paper, Hu Yue asked a question about energy management, but Liu Yilin’s research direction was different from this. He didn’t answer it. "I was very nervous at that time, but the teacher was very gentle and didn’t answer it."

　　Opposite Hu Yue’s office is the student office, where several graduate students work. The computer screen of the girl sitting at the door is covered with experimental pictures, and there are unfinished English papers in the document.

　　A student from other research groups told reporters that she had read online queries and hoped not to interview Mr. Hu. "Teacher Hu is usually very kind to us."

Foreword

Influenza virus can cause seasonal influenza, and may even cause a pandemic outbreak. Influenza virus is a negative-strand RNA virus with complex classification, numerous subtypes and easy mutation. At present, it is recognized that the best way to prevent influenza is vaccination. In order to ensure the effectiveness of the vaccine, the World Health Organization (WHO) updates the composition of the vaccine strain every year.

Changes of influenza vaccine strains in the northern hemisphere in 2024-2025

In order to keep the vaccine effective, it is necessary to update the components of influenza virus vaccine regularly. After analyzing the global influenza virus epidemiology, etiology and vaccine serology, WHO announced the recommendation of influenza vaccine components in the northern hemisphere from 2024 to 2025 on February 23, 2024.

?

Trivalent chicken embryo culture vaccine

an A/Victoria/4897/2022 (H1N1)pdm09-like virus

an A/Thailand/8/2022 (H3N2) -like virus

a B/Austria/1359417/2021 (B/Victoria lineage)-like virus

?

Trivalent cell culture or recombinant protein vaccine

an A/Wisconsin/67/2022 (H1N1)pdm09-like virus

an A/Massachusetts/18/2022 (H3N2)-like virus

a B/Austria/1359417/2021 (B/Victoria lineage)-like virus

?

Tetravalent chicken embryo and cell culture or recombinant protein vaccine

The following components are added on the basis of trivalent vaccine

a B/Phuket/3073/2013 (B/Yamagata lineage)-like virus

Since March 2020, the naturally occurring B/Yamagata virus has not been confirmed. WHO thinks that it is not necessary to use B/Yamagata virus as a component of influenza vaccine, and it should be removed from the component of influenza vaccine. Where tetravalent vaccine is still used, the composition of B/Yamagata line is consistent with the previous recommendation.

Comparing the composition of influenza vaccine in the northern hemisphere from 2023 to 2024, it was found that the change of composition was mainly due to the difference of H3N2 virus strains:

Vaccine types

2023-2024

2024-2025

Trivalent chicken embryo culture vaccine

A/Darwin/9/2021 (H3N2)-like virus

A/Thailand/8/2022 (H3N2) -like virus

Trivalent cell culture or recombinant protein vaccine

A/Darwin/9/2021 (H3N2)-like virus

A/Massachusetts/18/2022 (H3N2)-like virus

Recombinant antigen is the key material for vaccine research.

In influenza virus-related vaccines, drugs and even diagnostic reagents, key target antigens have played an important role. In the following table, we have sorted out the information of HA, NA and NP proteins.

albumen

function

app; application

HA

(hemagglutinin)

The sialic acid receptor on the host cell membrane binds to help the virus envelope fuse with the host cell membrane; Coagulation

Basic research on influenza

Influenza vaccine research and development

Development of anti-hemagglutinin antibody

Study on virus detection reagent

NA

(neuraminidase)

Hydrolyze sialic acid receptor to promote the release of mature virus particles

Research and development of antiviral drugs

Basic research on influenza

Influenza vaccine research and development

Antibody development

Study on virus detection reagent

NP

(nuclear protein)

Combine with influenza genetic material and participate in virus gene replication, transcription and translation; Maintain the stability of virus gene

Research and development of antiviral drugs

Basic research on influenza

Antibody development

Diagnostic product development

The recombinant antigen of influenza vaccine strain can be used in all aspects of vaccine development, such as vaccine content detection, vaccine biological titer detection and toxicological experimental research. Using recombinant antigen for ELISA detection, we can analyze the levels of serum total antibody and neutralizing antibody after vaccination, and use recombinant protein as control to detect the vaccine content.

The results of detecting the serum antibody level of mice immunized with vaccine by recombinant influenza HA protein (image from Andersen, et al.)

Influenza vaccine strain-related antigens are available in stock.

Yiqiao Shenzhou continues to pay attention to the research progress of influenza vaccine, and has built a relatively complete influenza virus research reagent library. It has been online to recombine some proteins of HA, NA and NP of the northern hemisphere influenza vaccine strain in 2024-2025, and it is available from stock. Order it now!

Consultation is polite!

After checking the information correctly, you can get a 35 yuan Luckin Coffee voucher.

Scanning code to understand the recombinant antigens related to components of influenza vaccine strains from 2024 to 2025;

references

[1]https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/recommended-composition-of-influenza-virus-vaccines-for-use-in-the-2024-2025-northern-hemisphere-influenza-season

[2] Andersen, et al. Pandemic Preparedness Against Influenza: DNA Vaccine for Rapid Relief.[J]. Frontiers in Immunology.2021.747032.

[3] Bangaru S , et al. A Site of Vulnerability on the Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin Head Domain Trimer Interface[J]. Cell, 2019.

[4] Kim M, et al. Inhibition of infection virus internalization by (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate. [J]. Antiviral Research, 2013,100 (2): 460-472. Continue to slide to see the next one.

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　　On May 17, Fu Linghui, spokesperson of the National Bureau of Statistics, said in response to the latest population data that China is currently in a state of mild aging.

　　Fu Linghui said that there are some misunderstandings in the society, and many people think that China has entered a deeply aging society. In fact, there is a general understanding in the world that a country’s population over 60 years old accounts for more than 10% of the total population, and this country has entered an aging society. Between 10% and 20%, it is mildly aging, between 20% and 30%, it is moderately aging, and over 30% is severely aging. According to the census, the proportion of elderly people over 60 years old in China is 18.7%, which shows that China is still in a state of mild aging. (CCTV reporter Yang Yi Zhou Ling)

　　"Low carbon" is one of the hottest words at the two sessions this year. CPPCC members’ proposals are piled up with "low carbon", and NPC deputies discuss "low carbon" hotly, and group discussions are also inseparable from the topic of "low carbon". "Low carbon" has become the "new favorite" that people pay attention to for a time. So, what is "low carbon" and what does agriculture and rural areas do in developing low carbon? The insights of the deputies explain the "low carbon" of agricultural and rural development from different angles.

　　The meaning of the transformation of agricultural development mode

　　"Low-carbon agriculture is first of all an idea and a development direction of agricultural transformation development mode. The essence of the low-carbon concept is to save energy. " Shang Xunwu, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and deputy director of Gansu Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Department, said.

　　Zhang Quanguo, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and dean of the School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering of Henan Agricultural University, further explained low-carbon agriculture. He said: "Agriculture, as the basic industry of the national economy, is one of the main sources of greenhouse gases, and it is also increasingly affected by the greenhouse effect. How to formulate low-carbon agricultural development policies and reduce carbon emissions in agricultural production has increasingly become the focus of attention from all walks of life and one of the key areas to be considered in regional economic development. It is imperative to change the agricultural production mode as soon as possible and develop low-carbon and high-efficiency agriculture. "

　　At present, in China’s agricultural production mode, some production habits do not meet the requirements of low carbon, which is neither economical nor polluting the environment. Taking fertilization as an example, Meng Tieying, deputy stationmaster of soil and fertilizer station in Xincheng County, Guangxi Province, said that because there is a lot of local rain, heavy rain usually causes farmland to be flooded. Traditional fertilization methods make the loss of fertilizer very serious, which not only increases the cost, but also pollutes the environment. Farmers urgently need a fertilizer that can control the release rate. Data show that the low utilization rate of chemical fertilizers in China is the main reason for environmental pollution caused by chemical fertilizers. In addition to crop absorption and utilization and soil residue, more than 50% of nitrogen is not absorbed by crops and lost to farmland, which has caused a series of environmental and food safety problems, such as eutrophication of water, soil hardening, greenhouse effect and degradation of agricultural products quality.

　　Zhang put forward a proposal to develop low-carbon agriculture. He believed that it is necessary to cultivate the management concept of low-carbon agriculture, vigorously promote the innovation of agricultural production system, implement the management assessment responsibility system for energy saving and emission reduction in agriculture-related production, and gradually develop and improve agricultural energy efficiency standards from the height of national laws and regulations. He also proposed that we should pay attention to the research on low-carbon agriculture, including the integrated application research of carbon emission reduction and carbon sink expansion technologies such as energy, environment, building structure, water supply and drainage, and green space.

　　Science and technology support low carbonization of agricultural production

　　Shang Xunwu said that there are many articles that can be done to develop modern agriculture and realize the development of agriculture from extensive to refined. It can be said that in the agricultural field, it is very feasible to achieve low carbon.

　　He said that many aspects of agriculture can consider how to achieve low carbon. For example, he said that from the perspective of agricultural inputs, such as water resources, agriculture consumes a lot of water, but now the way of using water is unreasonable, causing great waste. Water is used for irrigation, but also consumes electricity. If water is saved, irrigation energy is saved, and it is low-carbon.

　　Zhang Quanguo gave a concept of low-carbon agriculture. "Low-carbon agriculture is a modern agricultural development model. Through various means such as technological innovation, institutional innovation, industrial transformation, and new energy development and utilization, energy consumption and carbon emissions are reduced as much as possible to achieve a win-win situation for agricultural production development and ecological environment protection." He further explained that low-carbon agriculture is the further development of eco-agriculture and green agriculture, which not only advocates less use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides and efficient agricultural production like eco-agriculture, but also pays more attention to the reduction of overall agricultural energy consumption and carbon emissions in the process of planting, transportation and processing, when the use of energy such as electricity, oil and gas is increasing.

　　Shang Xunwu gave his own suggestions on how to promote low-carbon agriculture. First, strengthen the role of technology and promote low-carbon technology in agriculture. The second is the innovation of production mode. For example, intensive production, through cooperatives and professional associations to promote centralized production and management, improve efficiency.

　　Zhang Quanguo also holds the same view: supporting the sustainable development of agriculture by improving the technical content of low-carbon agriculture.

　　Taking the scientific and technological development of fertilizer research and development as an example, China has supported the low-carbon fertilization in fertilizer technology research and development. Liu Jianwen, a representative from Agricultural Economics Center of Agriculture Bureau of Linshu County, Shandong Province, said that in recent years, fertilizer enterprises in Linshu have achieved remarkable results in research and development, production and popularization of slow-release fertilizers in low carbon. For example, he said that hundreds of slow-release fertilizer products developed and promoted by Jin Zhengda Group, the largest production base of slow-release fertilizers in Asia, are suitable for field crops in China. Xu Weigang, deputy director of Wheat Research Center of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, summed up the advantages of slow-release fertilizers in low carbon: slow-release fertilizers can control nutrient release according to crop nutrient demand, which changes the shortcomings that fertilizers can not meet the different demands of crops at different growth stages because of rapid dissolution and nutrient loss, and can greatly improve the utilization rate of fertilizers, protect the environment, save energy, simplify crop production technology and help farmers reduce costs and increase income.

　　For supporting the development of low-carbon agriculture with science and technology, Zhang put forward more specific suggestions. He suggested: First, improve the low-carbon agricultural infrastructure in the core grain producing areas. Intensify integration, focusing on the construction of modern facility agriculture demonstration parks, ecological animal husbandry, grain (leafy vegetables) functional areas and other projects to lay a good foundation for accelerating the development of modern agriculture. Second, strengthen the cultivation of excellent varieties adapted to low-carbon environment. At the same time, we should vigorously promote the innovation of farming system and promote a number of development models such as stable grain and high efficiency, farming-pastoral cycle, and paddy-upland rotation. Third, greatly reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and reduce the carbon content in agricultural development. Such as using manure, compost or organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer, and increasing soil nutrients through returning straw to the field.

　　The era of low-carbon rural life is coming.

　　Low-carbon mode not only has great achievements in agricultural production, but also the conditions for developing low-carbon in rural areas are ripe. Zhang Quanguo said that to develop low-carbon agriculture, it is necessary to develop new energy sources in rural areas and realize the diversification of rural energy consumption structure. Such as comprehensive utilization of straw, livestock manure, solar energy and other renewable energy resources to meet the needs of rural domestic cooking energy, rural domestic electricity and domestic hot water.

　　Twenty years ago, Tengtou Village, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, which wrote environmental protection into the villagers’ convention and established the only village-level environmental resources protection committee at that time, was the forerunner of rural low-carbon. Fu Qiping, the general secretary of the village party branch, said that building a "low-carbon" ecological village was the golden key to rural development. "To develop a’ low-carbon’ economy and achieve harmony between man and the natural environment, rural areas should also shoulder the burden." Fu Qiping believes that the future "low-carbon" life is a high-quality, healthy and civilized lifestyle.

　　"A large number of solar cookers in the western rural areas will greatly reduce greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide produced by burning firewood (grass, wood), gas and coal." Ren Qixing, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and deputy director of the Population, Resources and Environment Committee, said. He said that the western region of China has a long sunshine time and relatively rich solar energy resources, which is most suitable for popularizing solar cookers in large quantities. Ren Qixing suggested establishing financial support policies and giving appropriate financial subsidies to the purchase of solar cookers in rural areas. At the same time, vigorously support solar cooker manufacturers, give tax incentives, and help enterprises improve output, quality and scientific and technological content to meet the needs of promoting the use of solar cookers in rural areas.

　　Coincidently with Ren Qixing, Hao Yuan, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, vice governor of Gansu Province and chairman of the Provincial Federation of Industry and Commerce, is also very concerned about the utilization of solar energy. He put forward the Proposal of Implementing the Solar Energy "South Wall Plan" at the two sessions. Its core idea is to use the south facade of the building facing the sun, including the heat collection wall, air collector and additional sunshine room on the south facade, to convert the collected solar radiation energy into heat energy as much as possible, and then transfer it to the room to achieve the purpose of heating and warming.

　　In order to promote a lower-carbon lifestyle in rural areas, Zhang also suggested that the development and application of biogas technology should be widely promoted, and at the same time, the agricultural and sideline residues should be fully utilized to improve the low-carbon utilization of straw. He said that China’s annual crop straw output is about 700 million tons, half of which can be used as energy, equivalent to 150 million tons of standard coal. He suggested focusing on the research and development of "trinity" complete technology and equipment for low-carbon utilization of straw. The core grain producing areas such as Henan Province are selected to carry out innovative research and demonstration application of low-carbon agricultural renewable energy and energy-saving engineering technology integration.

　　Beijing, March 1 ST "The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to build an educational power, which is an arduous, historic and grand task. To build an educational power, we must first improve the quality of basic education, and we must first improve the quality of Chinese and mathematics." Recently, Wang Wenzhan, former director of the Department of Basic Education of the Ministry of Education and deputy chief inspector, said this at the launching ceremony of the national "Shui Mu Hsinchu Yingchun Cup" national youth mathematics comprehensive ability exhibition sponsored by the Central Network Film and Television Center of the Communist Youth League, undertaken by Future Network and Shui Mu Hsinchu Education, and supported by the Education Research Center of China Teacher magazine.

　　Launching Ceremony of "Shui Mu Hsinchu Yingchun Cup" National Youth Mathematical Comprehensive Ability Exhibition.

　　Wang Wenzhan, former director of the Department of Basic Education of the Ministry of Education and deputy inspector general, stressed that the activities should adhere to the "three natures" and "three noes", which are not only public welfare, exhibition and interesting, but also do not exceed the standard, increase the burden on students and rank second. It is also pointed out that basic education is the foundation of the whole education, Chinese and mathematics are the foundation of the foundation, and the education for teenagers in the whole country is the most important part of the education system, while the basic education for teenagers is the foundation of all education. Our country’s achievements in mathematics are excellent in the world, and it ranks among the top in the world. This excellent momentum will continue, and it needs the joint efforts of people from all walks of life who are enthusiastic about education.

　　Wang Wenzhan, former Director of the Department of Basic Education of the Ministry of Education and Deputy Chief Inspector.

　 　

　　Xin Tianhao, executive editor-in-chief of the Communist Youth League Central Network Film and Television Center and Future Network.

　　"Mathematical culture, as a spiritual and non-cognitive psychological level, is eternal, which can influence and achieve people’s life." Xin Tianhao, executive editor-in-chief of the Network Film and Television Center of the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League and Future Network, introduced it at the launching ceremony.

　　Lin Yuanlie, Professor of Mathematics Department of Tsinghua University

　　Lin Yuanlie, a professor of mathematics at Tsinghua University, and the leaders and guests present deeply discussed the charm of mathematics. He explained in detail two famous sayings of predecessors: "Mathematics is the key to open the door to science" and "Mathematics is the queen of science", and called on the vast number of young people in China to explore the endless treasure in mathematics.

　　Tian Yumin, Director of Education Research Center of China Teacher Magazine.

　　Tian Yumin, director of the Education Research Center of China Teachers magazine, also said that this kind of comprehensive ability exhibition has a positive role in promoting students’ learning ability and learning habits, and should be strongly supported by all sectors of society. The "Shui Mu Hsinchu Yingchun Cup" national youth comprehensive mathematical ability exhibition is a good start, and he is looking forward to more positive public welfare comprehensive ability exhibition activities.

　　

　　Wang Zhengpu, General Manager of Beijing Shui Mu Hsinchu Education Technology Co., Ltd.

　　"The purpose of this exhibition is to promote the mathematics culture, set off an upsurge of loving, learning and using mathematics in the whole country, and make students understand, like and enjoy mathematics more comprehensively, so as to continuously improve their mathematics literacy." Wang Zhengpu, general manager of Beijing Shui Mu Hsinchu Education Technology Co., Ltd., also said in his speech that students will appreciate the beauty of mathematics, build a spiritual communication between me and mathematics, and realize that mathematics plays an inestimable role in the development of human culture.

　　It is understood that the purpose of the "Shui Mu Hsinchu Yingchun Cup" National Youth Mathematical Comprehensive Ability Exhibition is to promote mathematical culture, stimulate the interest of primary and secondary school students in learning mathematics, explore more outstanding mathematics talents, develop their intelligence, popularize mathematical science, help the majority of young people discover their own mathematical talents, and enable students to fully understand, like and enjoy mathematics, and constantly improve their mathematical literacy. The proposition of this activity is universal and interesting, and all the topics seem simple, but students need to think hard in the process of solving them, and there are many solutions, which are helpful for students to open up their minds and stimulate the potential of mathematical comprehensive ability. Some topics combined with real-time hot spots make mathematics, an abstruse subject, return to life, and encourage students to apply what they have learned to solve practical problems in life with mathematical thinking.

　　From now on, the "Shui Mu Hsinchu Yingchun Cup" national youth mathematics comprehensive ability demonstration activity will be carried out one after another throughout the country, and the majority of young people who love mathematics can sign up for the activity.

　　CCTV News:On the morning of October 9, local time in Sweden, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced in Stockholm that it would award the 2019 Nobel Prize in Chemistry to John B. Goodenough, M. Stanley Wittingham and Yoshino Akira in recognition of them."developing lithium-ion batteries"The contribution of. They will share the prize of 9 million Swedish kronor (about 6.5 million yuan).

　　Lithium-ion batteries have completely changed our lives and are used in all applications, from mobile phones to laptops and electric cars. Through the work of the winners, this year’s Nobel Prize winner in chemistryIt laid the foundation for a wireless and fossil fuel-free society..

　　In the early 1970s, M. Stanley Wittingham, who won this year’s Nobel Prize in Chemistry, was developing.The first functional lithium batteryAt that time, the great power of lithium was used to release its external electrons.

　　John B. Goodenough, winner of the 2019 chemistry prize.The potential of the lithium battery is doubled.It creates suitable conditions for more powerful and useful batteries.

　　This year’s Nobel Prize winner in chemistry, Akira Yoshino, succeeded inPure lithium was removed from the battery.Instead, it is based on lithium ions that are safer than pure lithium. This makes the battery feasible in practice.

　　John B. Goodenough isFather of lithium batteryHe made the lithium battery smaller, larger and more stable in use, thus realizing commercialization and at the same time starting the process of portable electronic equipment. At present, he is Professor department of mechanical engineering of the University of Texas at Austin, USA. At the age of 97, he is a famous solid physicist, the inventor of cathode materials of lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate and Ferrous lithium phosphate, and one of the founders of lithium-ion batteries. He designs new materials by studying the relationship between chemistry, structure and solid electron/ion properties, and solves material science problems. Sony produced the world’s first commercial lithium battery after adopting Goodenough theory in 1991. Since then, mobile phones, cameras, hand-held cameras and even electric vehicles have entered the era of portable new energy.

　　M Stanley Whitingham is currently a professor of chemistry and director of the Institute of Materials and the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at Binghamton University, State University of New York.

　　Akira Yoshino, a Japanese chemist, is currently a researcher at Asahi Kasei and a professor at meijo university. He was commended by Zi Zi. Yoshino is the inventor of modern lithium-ion batteries, and has won the highest honor in engineering, the Global Energy Award and the Charles Stark Draper Award. (CCTV reporter Hao Xiaoli)

Investment & Pensions Europe(IPE), an internationally renowned financial media organization, officially released the list of "Top 500 Asset Managers 2023".

The top 10 institutions in global asset management are BlackRock, Pioneer Pilot, Fidelity, State Street Global, Morgan Asset Management, Goldman Sachs Asset Management, Capital Group, Credit Suisse Oriental, Pinhao and new york Mellon Asset Management. There are 41 asset management institutions in China on the list, with excellent overall performance and greatly improved scale and ranking.

"Top 500 Global Asset Management Institutions List" is one of the annual reports of IPE. Headquartered in London, England, IPE is a well-known European financial media organization affiliated to IPE International Publishers Media Group, and enjoys a high reputation among global institutional investors and pension operators. IPE publishes authoritative lists such as the top 500 global asset management companies through market open data every year, and launches trend development reports, which has become an important vane in the global asset management field.

Top 20 of Global Asset Management 500 in 2023

Rank the total management scale of the headquarters of the asset management company at the end of 2022.

1. BlackRock US$ 8,052.9 billion.

2. Vanguard Investment Management US$ 6,743.3 billion.

3. Fidelity Investments US$ 3,653.6 billion.

4. State Street Global Advisors US$ 3,262.1 billion.

5. J.P.Morgan Asset Management US$ 2,616.4 billion.

6. Goldman Sachs Asset Management International US$ 2,152.1 billion.

7. Capital Group (US$ 2,044.3 billion)

8. Amundi France’s $1,904 billion.

9. PIMCO US/Germany USD 1,631.1 billion.

10. new york Mellon Asset Management US$ 1,615 billion.

11. Legal & General Investment Management UK $1,351.1 billion.

12. Jing Shun US/UK $1,320.7 billion.

13. Franklin Templeton US$ 1,296.4 billion.

14. Prudential Investment Management (PGIM) US$ 1,290.6 billion

15. Morgan Stanley Investment Management US$ 1,222.4 billion.

16. T. Rowe Price US$ 1,194.4 billion.

17. Wellington Management International US$ 1,082.4 billion.

18. Natixis Investment Management of France: US$ 1,078.8 billion.

19. Nuveen US$ 1,018.2 billion.

20. UBS Asset Management (UBS Asset Management) Switzerland 996.7 billion US dollars.

41 listed asset management companies in China

Rank company name

31. China Life Asset Management Co., Ltd.

36. Ping An Asset Management Co., Ltd.

64. Taikang Asset Management Co., Ltd.

E Fund Management Co., Ltd.

71. CMB Finance Co., Ltd. 85. Xingyin Finance Co., Ltd.

91. Jianxin Wealth Management Co., Ltd.

97. southern fund Management Company Limited.

99. Huaxia Fund Management Co., Ltd.

100. Agricultural Bank of China Finance Co., Ltd.

102. ICBC Wealth Management Co., Ltd.

103. BOC Wealth Management Co., Ltd.

ICBC Credit Suisse Fund Management Co., Ltd.

106. harvest fund Management Co., Ltd.

110. Guangfa Fund Management Co., Ltd.

112. Boss Fund Management Co., Ltd.

113. Xinyin Wealth Management Co., Ltd.

119. Pacific Asset Management Co., Ltd.

120. Xinhua Asset Management Co., Ltd

China Merchants Fund Management Co., Ltd.

122. China PICC Asset Management Co., Ltd.

124. Jianxin Fund Management Co., Ltd.

126. CITIC Securities Co., Ltd.

131. Fuguo Fund Management Co., Ltd.

142. Taiping Asset Management Co., Ltd.

145. Everbright Financial Management Co., Ltd.

151. Tianhong Fund Management Co., Ltd

153. Huitianfu Fund Management Co., Ltd

154. Penghua Fund Management Co., Ltd.

155, Yangtze River Pension Insurance Co., Ltd.

158. Bank of Communications Wealth Management Co., Ltd.

166. Everyone Asset Management Co., Ltd.

186, Yin Hua Fund Management Co., Ltd.

190, Ping An Finance Co., Ltd.

191. Minsheng Financial Management Co., Ltd.

194. Puyin Wealth Management Co., Ltd.

197. China Post Finance Co., Ltd.

200. cathay pacific fund Management Co., Ltd.

202. Sunshine Asset Management Co., Ltd.

208. Huatai Asset Management Co., Ltd.

210. China International Capital Corporation Limited

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Original title: "The list of the top 500 global asset management institutions in 2023 was announced, and 41 Chinese state-owned assets management institutions were on the list | List 1"

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Today’s "Good Morning Olympics" includes: Odor pollution in the open waters of the Tokyo Olympics? Official: The sampling and testing of water pollution have reached the first standard; Chen Meng won the women’s singles championship, and the men’s singles badminton mixed doubles locked the gold and silver cards; China women’s volleyball team lost three games in a row, and its qualifying life was on the line; The first over 10,000 cases were diagnosed in COVID-19; An earthquake of magnitude 8.2 occurred in the waters near Alaska, USA, and a tsunami warning was issued.　

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Global focus

Odor pollution in the open waters of Tokyo Olympic Games? Official: The sampling and testing of water pollution have reached the first standard.

On July 26th, 2021, local time, athletes competed in the triathlon of Tokyo Olympic Games. On July 28th, according to many media reports, many athletes vomited after swimming in the men’s triathlon competition of Tokyo Olympic Games, so the doubts about the serious seawater pollution in the stadium revived. On the afternoon of July 29th, Beijing time, the technical representative of the triathlon in Tokyo Olympic Games made a conclusion after sampling and testing the water samples on the 26th and 27th: "The three water pollution conditions in triathlon venues all reached the first standard."

Chen Meng won the women’s table tennis singles championship, while the men’s table tennis singles and badminton mixed doubles locked gold and silver medals.

On July 29th, 2021, local time, Chen Meng (left) and Sun Yingsha shared the national flag after the competition. On the same day, in the women’s table tennis singles final of Tokyo Olympic Games, China’s Chen Meng defeated teammate Sun Yingsha 4-2 to win the championship. In the men’s singles semi-final of table tennis, China’s Fan Zhendong and teammate Malone defeated their opponents respectively and joined forces in the final. On the same day, the top seed Zheng Siwei/Huang Yaqiong beat Deng Junwen/Tse Ying Suet of Hongkong, China 2: 0, while another pair of China, Wang Yilu/Huang Dongping, reversed and defeated Japanese strong player Watanabe Yongda/Dongye Youya 2: 1, and Guoyu locked the gold and silver medals in the mixed doubles event in advance.

Zhu Ting’s wrist injury was aggravated, and the China women’s volleyball team lost to the Russian Olympic Committee women’s volleyball team for three consecutive games, and the qualifying life was on the line.

On July 29th, 2021, in Tokyo, Japan, China lost 2-3 to the Russian Olympic Committee women’s volleyball team in Group B of the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games. After losing 3-0 to Turkey and the United States in two games, facing the weaker Russian Olympic Committee women’s volleyball team, China women’s volleyball team lost 2-3 to Russian women’s volleyball team in the deciding game, and suffered a three-game losing streak in Tokyo Olympics, and its qualifying life was on the line. The wrist injury of Zhu Ting, the core attacker of China women’s volleyball team, is an important reason.

A quick tour of the world

Castillo was sworn in as President of Peru.

On July 28th, 2021, local time, Castillo (right) attended the inauguration ceremony in the Congress in Lima, Peru. Peruvian President-elect Castillo was formally sworn in in Congress on the 28th for a five-year term. Castillo, 51, as a candidate of the Free Peru Party, defeated keiko fujimori, a candidate of the People’s Power Party, in the second round of the presidential election held on June 6 this year and was elected President of Peru.

The first over 10,000 cases have been diagnosed in COVID-19, and three counties in the metropolitan area plan to issue an emergency declaration.

On July 29, 2021, local time, a staff member wearing a mask cleaned the elevator handrails in a subway station in Tokyo, Japan. According to the Japan Broadcasting Association (NHK), on the 29th, local time, the number of newly confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Japan exceeded 10,000 for the first time, the largest increase so far. At present, Tokyo is in a state of emergency declaration, and the Japanese government is exploring issuing emergency declarations to nearby Kanagawa Prefecture, saitama Prefecture and Chiba Prefecture.

Britain will allow citizens of the United States and the European Union who have been vaccinated to enter the country without isolation.

On July 29th, 2021, local time, passengers waited for the Eurostar train at St. Pancras International Railway Station in London, England. British government officials announced on the 28th that Britain will allow citizens of the United States and some European Union countries who have completed COVID-19 vaccination to enter England without isolation from August 2nd.

The Ecuadorian court revoked Assange’s nationality, and Assange’s lawyer said that he would appeal.

Assange, founder of Wikileaks (data map). On July 26, 2021, local time, a court in Ecuador ruled to revoke the Ecuadorian citizenship of Assange, the founder of Wikileaks. Assange’s lawyer in Ecuador said that he would appeal. Assange founded the Wikileaks website in 2006. In 2010, the website published a large number of secret documents of the US government about the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, which greatly damaged the diplomatic image of the United States. In June 2012, Assange entered the Ecuadorian Embassy in the UK to seek asylum. In December 2017, the then President of Ecuador, Laining Moreno, granted Assange citizenship. In April 2019, after Ecuador revoked the asylum granted to Assange, the British police announced that Assange was arrested. Assange has since served his sentence in a London prison.

Two people died in a chemical spill in Texas, USA.

This is the location of Basel Chemical Company in leander, which was shot in laporte, Texas, USA on July 27th, 2021. Leander’s Basel Chemical Company said on the 28th that it had a chemical leakage accident on the 27th, and about 100,000 pounds of acetic acid leaked, resulting in the death of two contractors and 30 workers being sent to hospital for treatment.

Forest fires in southern Turkey have killed one person and trapped 10 people.

This is a village that was damaged in a fire in Antalya, Turkey on July 29th, 2021, local time. The Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of Turkey said on the 29th that a forest fire in Antalya, a Mediterranean coastal province in southern Turkey, killed one person and trapped ten people. The Turkish authorities have ordered the evacuation of 18 villages in Antalya and 16 villages in the neighboring provinces of Adana and Mersin.

An earthquake of magnitude 8.2 occurred in the waters near Alaska, USA, and a tsunami warning was issued to evacuate residents.

On July 29, 2021, Alaska, USA, a large number of vehicles were evacuated. According to the US Geological Survey Earthquake Information Network, an earthquake of magnitude 8.2 occurred in the waters near Alaska on the evening of 28th local time. The tsunami warning department has issued a tsunami warning for the earthquake.

Masks are a thing of the past! Wearable air purifier lets you "face" the virus.

July 29, 2021 (the exact shooting time is unknown), a wearable air purifier was released a few days ago, which is considered as a high-tech product to replace masks. This futuristic respirator can be worn around the neck like a collar, disinfected by two ultraviolet "disinfection modules", which can eliminate 99% bacteria and viruses, and then blow the purified air to the wearer’s face. The device, which costs 240 pounds, eliminates the disadvantages of masks covering the face or restricting breathing, and allows the wearer to display his facial expressions normally.

Photo in this article Xinhua News Agency People’s Vision Surging Vision

Special feature of 1905 film network In the last shot, Tommy Tam handcuffed himself with Leslie Cheung’s handcuffs, and also handcuffed the originally broken Song brotherhood back; After 31 years, the first official poster is two handcuffed hands, and behind it is still about brotherhood.

　

*Intertextuality between the Final Scene of Hero and the Poster of Chasing.

　

Last Friday, "The True Color of Heroes" was released for more than 30 years, and it was restored for the first time in mainland China, and it monopolized 20 million box office in just three days. Many people go into the cinema to relive this classic Hong Kong film, perhaps for the sake of "brother" Leslie Cheung, perhaps for the sake of Mark with a long trench coat, or perhaps for the sake of enjoying John Woo’s violent aesthetics exclusively.

　

　

Then this Friday, the film Chasing officially landed in the cinema. This film is a Chinese gun battle film made by John Woo after 25 years. After the series, the master of violent aesthetics has gained more tenderness, which seems to be more appropriate to describe with his own debut, and it is a kind of "iron man’s tenderness" temperament.

　

Chasing is a master’s idolize

　

"I have always admired Gao Cangjian very much." Wu Yusen has said this sentence for more than ten times.

　

　

This sentence is not simply for film promotion, but a master’s heartfelt recognition of the actor superstar. In the early days, John Woo started to use Chow Yun Fat, just because of his similar temperament with Gao Cangjian. Even in the modeling of the film, letting Chow Yun Fat wear sunglasses and a trench coat is a tribute to Gao Cangjian.

　

It’s just a pity that John Woo, who has cooperated with Tom Cruise, Ben Affleck, Nicolas Cage and other first-line Hollywood actors, has never been able to form a cooperation with Gao Cangjian. Now, it is in memory of Gao Cangjian that the present Hunting is produced.

　

* The original "Crossing the River of Anger"

　

In fact, the process of winning the copyright of Hunting is also very bumpy. As the Japanese film "Chasing" was unwilling to sell the film copyright, Huanya directly bought the copyright of the original novel "Crossing the River of Anger" and found Wu Yusen, hoping to complete a new adaptation with his personal style. The views of both sides just fit, so this work came into being.

　

　

After all, the adaptation of this version of the story has become the most "difficult" thing. The original novel is a story that happened in the 1960s, and many events and events are out of date for the present. At the same time, there are also concerns that the audience will compare the two versions of the film. As a result, a team of seven screenwriters led by Chen Jiashang adapted the whole story into an escape story in a modern city.

　

Although from the film title signature, neither the scriptwriter, editor nor producer belongs to Wu Yusen, but the content style is still another extension of his "violent aesthetics", and the iconic symbols such as "Double Heroes" and "Dove" are all available.

　

After watching John Woo’s works in different periods for two weeks, I can feel that Wu Dao seems to have changed, but he seems to be the same John Woo who can successfully make Hollywood commercial movies.

Next page:The typical "double male" configuration remains the same.