CCTV News:The National Bureau of Statistics released the economic data of China in 2021 on the morning of January 17th. In 2021, the GDP exceeded 114 trillion yuan, an increase of 8.1%. This is the second year in a row that China’s GDP has exceeded 100 billion yuan.

According to preliminary accounting, the gross domestic product in 2021 was 114,367 billion yuan, an increase of 8.1% over the previous year and an average increase of 5.1% in two years at constant prices.

In 2021, the national grain output reached a new high.

Looking at agriculture, grain output has reached a new high, and animal husbandry production has grown steadily. The total grain output in the whole year was 682.85 million tons, an increase of 13.36 million tons or 2.0% over the previous year.

In 2021, the national industrial added value will increase by 9.6%.

Looking at industry, industrial production continues to develop. In the whole year, the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 9.6% over the previous year, with an average increase of 6.1% in two years. Among them, the added value of high-tech manufacturing and equipment manufacturing increased by 18.2% and 12.9% respectively, and the growth rate was 8.6 and 3.3 percentage points faster than that of industries above designated size.

In 2021, the total retail sales of social consumer goods increased by 12.5%.

Looking at consumption, the scale of market sales has expanded, and the sales of basic living and upgrading commodities have grown rapidly. In 2021, the total retail sales of social consumer goods was 44,082.3 billion yuan, an increase of 12.5% over the previous year. Among them, the basic living consumption is growing well, and the demand for upgraded consumption is continuously released.

In 2021, the national investment in fixed assets increased by 4.9%.

In terms of investment, in 2021, the national fixed assets investment (excluding farmers) was 5,445.47 billion yuan, an increase of 4.9% over the previous year, with an average increase of 3.9% in two years; While the investment in fixed assets keeps growing, the investment in manufacturing and high-tech industries is growing well.

Director of the National Bureau of Statistics Ning Ji Zhe:On the whole, China’s economy will continue to recover steadily in 2021, and its economic development and epidemic prevention and control will maintain a leading position in the world, and the main indicators will achieve the expected goals.

The employment situation is generally stable in 2021.

In addition, Ning Ji Zhe also introduced that in 2021, the main livelihood indicators will be well completed. From the perspective of employment, the employment situation is generally stable in 2021, and the urban survey unemployment rate is reduced. In 2021, 12.69 million new jobs were created in cities and towns, and the national average urban unemployment rate was 5.1%, down 0.5 percentage points from the previous year’s average.

In 2021, the per capita disposable income of the national residents will increase by 8.1%

From the perspective of residents’ income, the per capita disposable income of the whole country in 2021 was 35,128 yuan, which increased by 8.1% in real terms after deducting the price factor, with an average increase of 5.1% in two years, which was basically in sync with economic growth, and the per capita income ratio of urban and rural residents narrowed.

In 2021, the urban population accounted for 64.72% of the national population.

Judging from the urbanization rate, the urban population accounted for 64.72% of the national population in 2021, an increase of 0.83 percentage points over the end of last year.

Produced by Sanyan Finance

Author | ｜DorAemon

Recently, there has been a heated discussion about online celebrity Simba’s live broadcast of Mingzhi brand bird’s nest products, which are actually sugar water. In the whole "bird’s nest counterfeiting" incident, many bloggers participated in it, which made the Simba team quite unable to get off the stage.

At present, Simba has issued a statement in response that the product has been sent for inspection, and consumers can choose to return it if they are dissatisfied. However, this incident is not limited to this famous brand of bird’s nest. Wang Hai, a "professional counterfeiter" who participated in "counterfeiting Simba", stressed in a recent interview with the media that bird’s nest itself is an "IQ tax" and that there are more than one brand that uses "bird’s nest" as a selling point for false propaganda.

As early as June this year, Wang Hai began to focus on the false propaganda of online celebrity bird’s nest brand "Xiaoxiandun". Up to now, Wang Hai has published nearly 10 anti-counterfeiting articles on his social platform, exposing the hype of using bird’s nest in Xiaoxian stew from various dimensions, but it is actually the essence of false propaganda.

Sanyan Finance combed Wang Hai’s anti-counterfeiting articles against Xiaoxian stew and found that Wang Hai’s allegations mainly focused on the nutritional value of bird’s nest, the content of effective components in Xiaoxian stew, and the alleged false propaganda of Xiaoxian stew. Wang Hai believes that the essence of Xiaoxian stew is eight-treasure porridge containing bird’s nest ingredients; At the same time, the nutritional value of bird’s nest is not high, which is completely an "IQ tax".

Online celebrity bird’s nest on the platform of many stars

Sanyan Finance noticed that, despite Wang Hai’s series of anti-counterfeiting activities against Xiaoxian stew products, the brand has actually become a popular online celebrity product.

This is also the persistent brand promotion strategy of Xiaoxian stew since its establishment. In order to open the market, Xiaoxian stew once invited many celebrities to speak for it.

The effect is also obvious, not only the reputation of Xiaoxiandun brand has increased greatly, but also the traffic has increased. Moreover, the stars are not only endorsements, but even become investors in Xiaoxiandun.

According to Tianyancha, Xiaoxiandun has obtained four rounds of financing at present, among which there are first-line stars like Chen Shu and Zhang Ziyi. And Zhou Hongyi, Yu Minhong and other business leaders are also generous.

In addition to attracting stars and technology giants to invest and endorse for themselves, the marketing of Xiaoxiandun is also flooded in various social media platforms.

Sanyan Finance found in Xiaohongshu that there are a lot of notes about grass planting in Xiaoxian stew on the platform. Almost all kinds of girls publicize how to rely on Xiaoxian stew to maintain themselves and that girls during pregnancy and postpartum should "always insist on drinking Xiaoxian stew".

This kind of star, science and technology tycoon and KOL publicity in online celebrity have brought extremely high income to Xiaoxian stew. For example, in 2019, Viya sold 580,000 small fairy stew products in 5 minutes; Zhang Dayi Live sold 110,000 bottles, which were snapped up in seconds.

During the Double Eleven this year, the turnover of Xiaoxian stew reached 456 million yuan, which is also the latest record of bird’s nest sales.

But now, the heat of Xiaoxian stew, other bird’s nest products and even the bird’s nest itself may be "lowered".

It costs 2,500 yuan to buy 1,500 grams of small fairy stew.

To reach the sialic acid content of an egg.

In a report published on June 19 this year, Wang Hai emphasized that spending 2,000 yuan to buy 1,500 grams of freshly stewed bird’s nest stewed by Xiaoxian is equivalent to an egg.

Wang Hai spent 364 yuan to buy three bottles of fresh stewed bird’s nest with 70g package. According to the product composition table, each 100g contains 2.6g of protein, which is equivalent to one third of an egg.

In addition, the most effective ingredient of bird’s nest is actually sialic acid, but Wang Hai said that this ingredient is not clearly marked on the product packaging. After inquiring about the public information in the flagship store of Xiaoxian Stewed Tmall, it is known that Xiaoxian Stewed Tmall contains 2.5 to 5 grams of dried bird’s nest per 210 grams, which is equivalent to 1 gram of dried bird’s nest per 100 grams of fresh stewed bird’s nest.

According to the enterprise standard of Xiaoxian Stewed Company, every 100g of Xiaoxian Stewed Fresh Stewed Bird’s Nest contains more than 0.1g of sialic acid.

In contrast, Wang Hai pointed out that an egg contains 1.5 grams of sialic acid, so the sialic acid content of 100 grams of stewed bird’s nest with Xiaoxian is actually only one-fifth of that of an egg. According to the price of Xiaoxian stew, it costs 2,500 yuan to buy 1,500 grams of Xiaoxian stewed bird’s nest, which is equivalent to the sialic acid content in an egg.

Eight-treasure porridge convenience food covered with bird’s nest coat

On June 20th, Wang Hai once again issued a document accusing Xiaoxian of stewing fresh bird’s nest, which is not even bird’s nest at all, but an eight-treasure porridge convenience food with more than 1 gram of dried bird’s nest per 100 grams.

Wang Hai cited the definition of freshly stewed bird’s nest in the enterprise standard Q/CYXXD0001-2020 named "Fresh Stewed Bird’s Nest"-"Take dried bird’s nest and water as the main raw materials, with or without adding rock sugar, tremella, ginger juice (powder) brown sugar, red dates, donkey-hide gelatin, longan, osmanthus, brown sugar, coconut juice, honey, Sydney and papaya.

At the same time, the sensory requirements of "fresh stewed bird’s nest" meet the national standard GB/T10786 "Inspection method of canned food", and the physical and chemical indicators meet the national standard GB/T31116 "Canned eight-treasure porridge".

Therefore, Wang Hai said that Xiaoxian Stewed Fresh Stewed Bird’s Nest is actually a canned eight-treasure porridge containing dried bird’s nest ingredients.

Small fairy stew: product ingredients or serious "water injection"

However, even according to the corporate standards and publicity of Xiaoxian Stewed Bird’s Nest, there are not many effective ingredients in Xiaoxian Stewed Bird’s Nest, but it is still suspected of exaggerating publicity and other issues.

On July 9, Wang Hai released a test report on Xiaoxian stew. According to the report, Xiaoxian stewed fresh bird’s nest contains about 0.6 grams of bird’s nest per 100 grams, which means that the bird’s nest content is less than 1%.

According to the customer service statement of Xiaoxian stewed Tmall flagship store, the content specification of Xiaoxian stewed fresh stewed bird’s nest and dried bird’s nest is:

Each bottle of 45 grams contains 2.2 grams of dried bird’s nest, and the solid content is above 90%;

70g/bottle contains 3.5g of dried bird’s nest, and the solid content is over 90%;

Each bottle of 100g contains 5g of dried bird’s nest, and the solid content is over 90%.

In addition, the customer service provided a 70g test report. According to the report, the acid content of bird’s nest is 2.1g/kg. According to the GHT1092-2014 standard "Bird’s Nest Quality Grade", Xiaoxian stewed fresh stewed bird’s nest instant porridge contains about 2.1g of bird’s nest per 100g.

However, the test results of 70 grams of the same specification that Wang Hai entrusted Ai to buy for inspection showed that the acid content of bird’s nest was 0.06 g/100 g. According to the above-mentioned "Bird’s Nest Quality Grade" standard, Xiaoxian stewed fresh bird’s nest contained 0.6 g of bird’s nest per 100 g, and the actual content was less than 1%.

On the other hand, Wang Hai pointed out that the so-called "0 addition" of Xiaoxian stew was not accurate. According to the test report of 70g bird’s nest with Xiaoxian stew sent by Wang Hai, every 100g contains 1.87g of protein and 100g of Xiaoxian stew. The test report shows that it contains 2.17g of protein, and the content of protein marked in the nutrition composition table on the outer packaging is 2.6g..

According to the standard of Bird’s Nest Quality Grade, the protein content of Xiaoxian stewed bird’s nest should be 0.3g or 1.05g per 100g. Because there is an item of "adding or not adding marine fish collagen" in its enterprise standard, Wang Hai thinks that the content of protein in the ingredient list of Xiaoxian stew corresponds to marine fish collagen.

Finally, Wang Hai said that the "solid content greater than or equal to 90%" promoted by Xiaoxiandun also had problems.

According to the advertising video of Xiaoxian stew in 2015, Lin Xiaoxian, the founder of Xiaoxian stew, once advertised that 8 grams of dried bird’s nest can be soaked to 77 grams, and the soaking rate is about eight or nine times.

However, Xiaoxiandun customer service said that 90% of the solid content is the ratio of bird’s nest silk to water, and its 100-gram test report said that the solid content of bird’s nest is 95.4%.

According to previous tests, less than 1 gram of bird’s nest is added to every 100 grams of freshly stewed bird’s nest. Even if it is calculated according to 2 grams of bird’s nest, the foam is only 20 grams of solid matter ten times; Even if 5 grams of bird’s nest is added, the ten-fold foaming rate is only 50 grams.

Therefore, Wang Hai said that more than 90% of the solids in Xiaoxian stewed bird’s nest are mostly water and other unlabeled ingredients.

Buy a "big prize" to pay for yourself.

Confusion concept of "traceability code"

In addition to exaggerating the actual content of bird’s nest, Xiaoxian stew also has the behavior of forcibly "selling gold" for itself.

On June 27th, Wang Hai published a document revealing that Xiaoxiandun’s so-called winning the "Monte Prize" for three consecutive years actually had no gold content at all.

According to the investigation, the so-called Monte Prize, namely MONDESELECTION, is usually translated as "International Monte Prize" or "World Quality Appraisal Conference". Founded in 1961, its agent website advertised that it was the oldest and most authoritative international quality research institute. Founded by the European Community and the Belgian Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation, it is headquartered in Brussels, Belgium.

But in fact, the European Community was founded on July 1, 1967, and there was no European Community in 1961.

In addition, according to Wikipedia, the "International Monte Prize" is an organization that "tastes" food for inspection and then provides feedback by charging fees.

According to its Chinese official website, the "Monte Prize" is actually a kind of fee evaluation and appraisal. The identification criteria are completely dependent on experts’ subjective feelings, that is, taste, smell and vision.

Therefore, any food company can send the products to the experts in the organization for tasting by paying a certain fee, and the other party will feed back an evaluation report. Wang Hai pointed out that this is not the concept of "award" at all.

Taking this as a propaganda point is an act of "gilding gold".

In addition, Wang Hai pointed out that the "traceability code" of bird’s nest products promoted by Xiaoxian stew is actually false propaganda. The truth is that the so-called traceability of one bottle and one yard refers to where the instant porridge of bird’s nest is produced, not the traceability code of bird’s nest itself.

Wang Hai pointed out that, first of all, the Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine does not directly engage in the certification of bird’s nest products, and the certification activities are carried out by certification bodies. The Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine only serves as the "owner" of the technical service of bird’s nest product certification.

Secondly, according to the information of China bird’s nest traceability management service platform, bird’s nest traceability only provides services for the bird’s nest exported to China by overseas bird’s nest enterprises registered in China and the bird’s nest products reprocessed in China with the bird’s nest exported as raw materials.

According to the above test, the main raw material of Xiaoxian stewed bird’s nest is not bird’s nest, and the product belongs to the staple food instant porridge rather than bird’s nest products, so there is no basis for obtaining bird’s nest traceability service on the traceability platform.

Thirdly, China Academy of Inspection and Quarantine sells traceability labels at a clearly marked price, which is not the implementer of certification activities, nor does it supervise certified enterprises. The institute also did not supervise on-site the labeling of bird’s nest traceability and whether it corresponds to the product. Then, the promotion of "one bottle and one yard traceable" is suspected of false propaganda.

Finally, in March 2016, Xiaoxiandun publicized "launching product traceability code in conjunction with China Academy of Inspection and Quarantine". In fact, the bird’s nest product traceability service was launched as early as December 2013, and Xiaoxiandun did not participate.

Bird’s nest = IQ tax?

In an interview with the media, Wang Hai revealed that at present, many so-called health care products advertised under the banner of bird’s nest have false propaganda problems, and even the value of bird’s nest itself is not that high.

First of all, Wang Hai said that instant bird’s nest products are essentially "sugar water". The bird’s nest sold by Simba this time and the bird’s nest stewed by Xiaoxian have very little actual bird’s nest content, which is suspected of false propaganda.

And the truth is that ready-to-eat bird’s nest can be produced without even adding bird’s nest. Because the functional component of bird’s nest is sialic acid, it can be produced by adding a small amount of sialic acid to the instant bird’s nest, supplemented by water, sugar, sodium alginate and calcium lactate.

Secondly, even the bird’s nest itself is an "IQ tax". The nutritional content of an egg is equivalent to 30 grams of dried bird’s nest. Only Southeast Asia and Chinese people have the habit of eating bird’s nest in the world.

Wang Hai emphasized that the efficacy of the so-called bird’s nest can’t stand scientific verification and inspection. In the past, bird’s nest itself was similar to "luxury" and had a high price threshold, so it could only "cheat the rich"; But now with the development of society and technology, bird’s nest products have been able to "cheat" more consumers, so we need to be vigilant.

As of press time, Xiaoxiandun has not responded to the relevant questions, and Sanyan Finance will continue to pay attention to the follow-up development.

This article first appeared on WeChat WeChat official account: Sanyan Finance. The content of the article belongs to the author’s personal opinion and does not represent Hexun.com’s position. Investors should operate accordingly, at their own risk.

　　Decode the central environmental protection inspector

　　The Central Environmental Protection Inspector changed the traditional environmental supervision mode in China from inspecting enterprises to supervising government. Environmental protection inspectors emphasize that "the party and government share the same responsibility" and "one post and two responsibilities", which means that local party committees accept supervision together with the government, and the inspection results are an important basis for the assessment, evaluation and appointment of leading cadres.

　　China Newsweek reporter/Xu Tian

　　Environmental protection is a hot word in recent years. Among them, the central environmental protection inspector group, known as the "environmental protection imperial envoy", is undoubtedly the most concerned. "Carry out central environmental protection inspectors and seriously investigate and deal with illegal cases" was written into the 2018 Government Work Report.

　　Since the pilot project of environmental protection inspectors in Hebei Province was launched in December 2015, the Central Environmental Protection Inspector Group conducted inspections in another 30 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in four batches in July and November 2016 and April and August 2017, achieving full coverage of inspectors in 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) across the country.

　　In the first round, the central environmental protection inspector filed a total of 29,000 cases to punish enterprises, with a fine of about 1.43 billion yuan; 1,518 cases were investigated and 1,527 people were detained; Interviewed 18,448 party and government leading cadres and held 18,199 accountable.

　　In the past, the Ministry of Environmental Protection also took the lead in environmental monitoring, but the monitoring object was usually enterprises, and the problems solved were partial. On July 1, 2015, the 14th meeting of the Central Leading Group for Comprehensive Deepening Reform deliberated and adopted the Environmental Protection Supervision Scheme (Trial) (hereinafter referred to as the Supervision Scheme), and took the places with outstanding environmental problems, frequent major environmental incidents and poor implementation of environmental protection responsibilities as the preliminary inspection targets.

　　The inspection work will be carried out in the form of the Central Environmental Protection Inspector Group. The inspection targets are provincial and municipal party committees and governments and their relevant departments, and will sink to some municipal party committees and government departments. Environmental protection inspectors emphasize that "the party and the government share the same responsibility" and "one post and two responsibilities", which means that local party committees accept supervision together with the government, and the inspection results serve as an important basis for the assessment and evaluation of the appointment and dismissal of leading cadres.

　　The commentary believes that the central environmental protection inspector has changed the traditional environmental supervision mode in China from inspecting enterprises to supervising government, which has become a major change.

　　Since the central environmental protection inspector started more than two years ago, various provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) have issued or revised more than 240 policies, regulations and system standards for ecological environmental protection, among which Shandong, Hainan, Sichuan and Tibet have issued documents to include environmental protection in the assessment and evaluation of cadres’ due diligence. All the 31 provinces that have conducted inspections have issued documents on the division of responsibilities for environmental protection, environmental protection supervision plans, and implementation measures for investigating the responsibility of leading cadres of the party and government for ecological environmental damage.

　　In 2018, the second round of central environmental protection inspectors will be launched soon. According to the preliminary plan, the "looking back" of the first round of inspectors will become the top priority in 2018. In addition, it will also guide local governments to establish a provincial-level environmental protection supervision system, realize the central and provincial-level supervision system and mechanism of the state supervising provinces and provinces supervising cities and counties, give play to the linkage effect of supervision, form a long-term mechanism of environmental protection supervision, and maintain the high-pressure situation of environmental protection.

　　From checking enterprises to supervising government.

　　In August 2017, the fourth batch of central environmental protection inspectors was launched, and eight central environmental protection inspectors were responsible for the inspectors stationed in Jilin, Zhejiang, Shandong, Hainan, Sichuan, Tibet, Qinghai and Xinjiang (including the Corps).

　　As in the past, before the launch, the media announced the names of the eight group leaders and deputy heads of this batch of inspectors, as well as the report phone numbers.

　　The eight team leaders are Jiao Huancheng, Wu Xinxiong, Ma Zhongping, Jia Zhibang, Zhu Zhixin, Jiang Jufeng, Yang Song and Li Jiaxiang. They all work in the National People’s Congress or Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, and they are all provincial and ministerial officials. It is understood that the leader of the Central Environmental Protection Inspector Group generally meets the above two conditions. In addition, the officials themselves must be experienced and have a high theoretical level.

　　The deputy heads of these four batches and 31 groups are all in-service deputy ministers of the Ministry of Environmental Protection. It is understood that this is also the relevant regulations of the central environmental protection inspector.

　　Generally speaking, each central environmental protection inspector group usually has about 30 people. Except for the team leader and deputy team leader, the team members are basically from the corresponding area.

　　As a public institution of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, six inspection centers in East China, South China, Northwest China, Southwest China, Northeast China and North China have been established successively. The centers mainly undertake the functions of strengthening environmental protection supervision and law enforcement, responding to environmental emergencies and coordinating cross-provincial pollution disputes.

　　In 2017, the six inspection centers were renamed as inspection bureaus, and the institutions were changed into dispatched institutions of the Ministry of Environmental Protection. Among the institutional functions, the function of "undertaking the relevant work of the central environmental protection inspector" has been added.

　　Generally speaking, the members of different central environmental protection inspection teams are composed of the staff of the Supervision Bureau of the Ministry of Environmental Protection in the area according to the area where the inspected province belongs. When manpower is insufficient, manpower will also be transferred from the Ministry of Environmental Protection and other district supervision bureaus.

　　In addition, there is a general coordinator in the personnel composition. Generally speaking, the coordinator is generally served by the relevant leaders of the Supervision Bureau of the Ministry of Environmental Protection under the supervision province.

　　After the inspector group is stationed, it usually carries out a one-month central environmental protection inspector. Yu Guodong, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and deputy director of Chongqing Environmental Protection Bureau, told China Newsweek that in 2016, during the 30-day stay in Chongqing, the Fifth Environmental Protection Inspector Group of the Central Committee did not rest, including weekends.

　　The outside world believes that the central environmental protection inspector has realized the transformation from inspecting enterprises to supervising government, which is conducive to the implementation of the requirements of "party and government sharing responsibilities" and "one post and two responsibilities". The process of central environmental protection supervision is indeed closely related to supervision.

　　Liu Changgen, deputy director of the State Environmental Protection Supervision Office, once summarized the steps of the central environmental protection supervision into three stages when interviewed by the media.

　　The first stage is the provincial level inspector, which takes about ten days. Inspectors at the provincial level mainly carry out individual talks with provincial leaders and the main leaders of relevant departments at the provincial level, read the information of provincial party committees and governments and relevant departments, visit relevant departments mainly responsible for environmental protection, and accept letters and visits and reports. Through these methods, we can grasp the overall situation of environmental protection work in the province, focus on outstanding problems, and lay the foundation for the next inspector.

　　During the inspection in Hebei Province, the inspector group had individual talks with 26 provincial leaders, including the secretary of the provincial party committee and the governor, some provincial leaders who recently quit their leadership positions, and also the main leaders of the provincial high-level law and high-level inspection. The inspector group designed the conversation, and each question was highly targeted.

　　The questions include: what do you think are the main outstanding environmental problems in your province, where do you think the environmental problems are the most prominent, and the responsibilities are not in place. "Some leaders of relevant departments have targeted questions, such as the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and some cases involving the elimination of backward production capacity may be questioned."

　　Yu Guodong, deputy director of Chongqing Environmental Protection Bureau, told China Newsweek that the inspector group had talked with the leaders of four teams and the top leaders of relevant departments in Chongqing to learn about the formulation of policies related to environmental protection and the implementation of their duties. "If you find a problem during the inspection, you will go back and talk to this person. In short, it is an in-depth investigation."

　　The second stage is the inspector of the sinking city. The sinking inspector is aimed at the problem clues sorted out by the inspector preparation and the provincial inspector, and sinks to some cities for investigation, evidence collection and verification. It mainly depends on whether these problems are true and where the responsibility lies. The time is also about ten days.

　　There are about a hundred clues to the problem, which are not only sorted out by provincial inspectors, but also prepared for inspectors. Most of these pre-prepared questions come from the daily understanding of the environmental problems in the provinces under the supervision of the Supervision Bureau, and some come from the clues of letters and visits received by the Ministry of Environmental Protection in the past.

　　Yu Guodong introduced that the clues held by the Supervision Bureau are often independent. Even when not in the period of central environmental protection supervision, the Supervision Bureau often goes directly to the cities to investigate relevant clues without going through the provincial environmental protection departments.

　　According to Liu Changgen, before the Central Environmental Protection Inspector Group was stationed, relevant personnel would make unannounced visits, find out the situation and find clues, and form a list of questions and a stationing manual.

　　In addition to these clues, during the inspection period, each inspector group set up a special duty telephone and post office box to receive letters and calls from the environmental protection department of the inspected province, and most of these problems were handed over to the environmental protection department of the province for solution.

　　Yu Guodong introduced that, generally speaking, incoming calls and reports will be handed over to the localities by the inspector group on the same day, and the local environmental protection departments will also hand them over on the same day according to the localities or departments involved in the problem and settle them within the specified time. Both the problem itself and the result of the treatment should be publicized. If the Central Environmental Protection Inspector Group has finished the inspection in this province, all incoming letters and calls must be handled with feedback within one week after the end.

　　It is understood that in the process of four batches of central environmental protection inspectors that have been completed, a total of 135,000 reports have been accepted by the masses, and some repeated cases have been removed. After the merger, 104,000 pieces have been handed over to the local authorities. As of October 2017, 102,000 pieces have been settled, and the settlement rate at that time exceeded 98%. About 80,000 of them are related to garbage, oil fume, odor, noise, enterprise pollution and black and odorous water problems.

　　Pan Biling, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and deputy director of Hunan Provincial Environmental Protection Department, told China Newsweek that in order to understand the deep-seated causes of these problems, the Hunan Provincial Commission for Discipline Inspection took the lead in organizing six groups, which were responsible for the investigation and accountability of the responsibilities of the Party Committee and government and relevant departments behind the environmental problems reflected by different people during the stationing of the Central Environmental Protection Inspector Group.

　　hold sb accountable

　　The third stage of the inspector is to sort out, analyze and file. Liu Changgen said that on the one hand, it is to sort out the work in the first two stages and form some basic viewpoints and reporting frameworks. At the same time, according to needs, it is also possible to collect evidence for outstanding problems in unsinkable cities and carry out targeted supplementary inspections. In addition, the documents and materials involved in the work should be filed, and those returned should be returned and those taken away.

　　Generally speaking, the Central Environmental Protection Inspector Group will give feedback to the inspected provinces in a few months. The central environmental protection inspectors in Guangdong Province and Chongqing City were conducted from November to December 2016, and the feedback was received in April of the following year. The central environmental protection inspector in Hunan Province was conducted from April to May 2017, and the feedback was received in July of that year.

　　Liu Changgen mentioned that the inspector’s report focuses on sorting out problems and investigating cases of responsibility for ecological environmental damage. In general, 70% of each inspector’s report is about problems, 20% is about achievements, and 10% is about suggestions.

　　At present, the inspector reports received by all provinces have been made public. These inspectors’ reports are full of sharp words. For example, when the Central Fourth Environmental Protection Inspector Group gave feedback to Hainan Province, it pointed out that "some localities and departments in Hainan are complacent about the unique ecological environment in the province and blindly complacent, thinking that a good natural environment means a good job. Some cities and counties attach importance to economic development and neglect environmental protection, and are keen to engage in ‘ Short, flat and fast ’ The quick-acting performance project, the finance relies too much on real estate. "

　　The Ministry of Environmental Protection introduced at the press conference that four batches of environmental protection inspectors found six common problems in environmental protection in various provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities). First, the atmospheric and water environment problems in some areas are outstanding; Second, the construction of environmental governance infrastructure is seriously lagging behind; Third, some nature reserves are illegally approved and illegally built; Fourth, over-exploitation of water resources; Fifth, the problem of industrial pollution is still outstanding; Sixth, rural environmental problems are more prominent. "These problems are related to China’s development stage, and also have a lot to do with local party committees and governments’ lack of attention, inaction and responsibility."

　　According to the regulations, after receiving feedback, all provinces will study and formulate rectification plans and submit them to the State Council within 30 working days. The rectification plan and the implementation of rectification should be disclosed to the public in a timely manner.

　　Subsequently, the provinces detailed the problems pointed out by the inspector group one by one, listed the rectification measures, deadlines and objectives in detail, and also stipulated the members and responsible persons of the rectification leading group. According to Liu Changgen, about half of the provinces are headed by the main leaders of the party and government, and the rest are headed by the main leaders of the party Committee or government.

　　Relevant departments at all levels immediately formulated specific rectification plans, with the main leaders of the party and government as the first responsible person. These rectification plans are reported to the province for the record as the basis for rectification of sales numbers and dispatching evaluation. In order to supervise the progress of rectification, Hunan Province implemented the following measures: scheduling on January 1st, supervising on January 1st, informing on February 1st, and commenting on March 1st. If the rectification is not promoted effectively, the rectification work is not implemented properly, the progress is obviously lagging behind, and the problems are still outstanding, measures such as exposure, notification, interview, accountability, listing supervision, and regional approval restriction will be taken as appropriate.

　　According to the rectification plan of each province, the State Environmental Protection Inspector’s Office will follow up the rectification progress.

　　In addition to the rectification of related issues, a very important reason why the central environmental protection inspector is called "an imperial envoy for environmental protection" is that the inspector group will hold relevant personnel accountable. The inspector’s feedback received by Hunan Province also includes the list of issues of accountability for ecological environmental damage sorted out by the inspector group.

　　"The central environmental protection inspector is a comprehensive inspector, and it is ‘ Great environmental protection ’ The concept, so whether it is the environmental protection department or other departments, as long as they are dereliction of duty, they must be held accountable. " Liu Changgen said that the scope of accountability not only covers the insiders of the environmental protection system, but also includes local party and government, state-owned enterprises, grassroots communities, land, forestry, water conservancy, housing construction, agriculture, urban management, safety supervision, industrial credit, transportation, public security, development and reform, tourism and other departments related to environmental protection.

　　Accountability will undoubtedly play a deterrent role. The data shows that the first round of central environmental protection inspectors has filed a total of 29,000 cases to punish enterprises, with a fine of about 1.43 billion yuan; 1,518 cases were investigated and 1,527 people were detained; Interviewed 18,448 party and government leading cadres and held 18,199 accountable.

　　According to the deployment of the central government, in 2018, local governments will be guided to establish a provincial-level environmental protection supervision system, realize the central and provincial-level supervision system and mechanism of the state supervising provinces and provinces supervising cities and counties, give play to the linkage effect of supervision, form a long-term mechanism of environmental protection supervision, and maintain the high-pressure situation of environmental protection.

　　This is also related to the reform of the vertical management system of monitoring, supervision and law enforcement of environmental protection institutions below the provincial level.

　　In September 2016, the General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council issued the Guiding Opinions on the Pilot Reform of Vertical Management System for Monitoring, Supervision and Law Enforcement of Environmental Protection Institutions below the provincial level, which proposed that the environmental monitoring functions of environmental protection departments at the city and county levels should be taken over by the pilot provinces, which should be uniformly exercised by the provincial environmental protection departments, and environmental monitoring should be carried out through stationing in cities or across cities and counties.

　　The social environmental protection system has yet to be established.

　　At present, environmental protection inspectors have formed a trend of high pressure and normalization, but there are still some problems. To this end, the Central Committee of the Democratic Progressive Party put forward a party proposal on further strengthening and perfecting the central environmental protection inspector.

　　When talking about this proposal, Pan Biling, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and deputy director of the Hunan Provincial Environmental Protection Department, pointed out that, as proposed by the Democratic Progressive Party Central Committee, the composition of the central environmental protection inspector, except for the team leader, is all from the environmental protection system, which easily gives other departments the illusion that the central environmental protection inspector is still an environmental protection inspector, or at least can only be regarded as an environmental protection inspector under the leadership of the central government.

　　"When we cooperated with the central environmental protection inspector, some leaders of other departments told me that this was doing things for our environmental protection department. The central environmental protection inspector is the inspector of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council to the provincial party committees and governments, not the inspector of the Ministry of Environmental Protection to the provincial party committees and governments. However, due to the current situation of organizational structure, some people will have such misunderstandings. "

　　And it also raises the second question. Pan Biling believes that although one post and two responsibilities are emphasized at present, the relevant ministries and commissions such as the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Water Resources have not participated in supervision and supervision, and the sense of responsibility and pressure transmission of relevant local departments are not enough.

　　In addition, Pan Biling pointed out that at present, although many provinces have included environmental protection in the evaluation of cadres’ due diligence, 31 provinces that have conducted inspections have introduced implementation measures for investigating the responsibility of party and government leading cadres for ecological environmental damage, but these evaluation systems are still limited.

　　"Some cadres may think that this has little impact, but only appropriate deduction points are assessed, which is not a one-vote veto. There are still relatively few cases that really have an impact on the use of leading cadres. After all, this kind of accountability has not yet caused widespread pain. "

　　In addition, another member from Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, who did not want to be named and had participated in the Central Environmental Protection Inspector, suggested that the more important issue was how to fundamentally solve environmental problems.

　　At present, party and government leaders at all levels have paid unprecedented attention to environmental protection, promoted it and produced results, but how to consolidate the achievements and carry out it in a long-term and institutionalized way is a difficult problem.

　　Pan Biling believes that there is a new formalism, which implements documents with documents and meetings with meetings. "The problem of people’s complaints can be solved in a week or half a month. But this solution is short-term. Environmental pollution control can’t be solved just by implementing responsibilities. In the long run, it must rely on funds and project management. This requires the government to increase investment, but it is not enough to rely on the government alone. It also requires the participation of enterprises and even the whole society. "

　　At present, there is a great pressure on environmental governance funds at the grassroots level. "In many places, it is very good to guarantee the basic livelihood, and there is no spare money for environmental protection. It is not enough to implement responsibilities and convey pressure at all levels. " He suggested that the government should continue to increase the proportion of capital investment in environmental protection.

　　Yu Guodong also said that many places are facing the adjustment of industrial structure because of environmental pollution. This requires the cooperation of various government departments, guiding the development of green industries in this region, giving subsidies in funds, giving support in policies, and even coordinating and bridging the gap between local governments.

　　In addition, Pan Biling also pointed out that environmental pollution is not only caused by enterprises, but also by everyone. For example, driving, eating barbecue, setting off firecrackers and fireworks, and even daily life may all cause the discharge of waste gas and wastewater.

　　However, some environmentalists pointed out that for the people, there should be good schools and public hospitals next to the new real estate, but there should be no garbage disposal facilities and sewage treatment facilities. When the real estate is sold, it is afraid to publicize that there are such facilities around. During the construction, the people complained or directly asked to stop work. There is indeed a big gap in the facilities in China.

　　It can be said that the environmental protection system of the whole social system has not been fully established. Pan Biling believes that China must make great changes in the system and mechanism, capital investment and other aspects, and the improvement of environmental quality can achieve remarkable results.

　　China Newsweek, No.10, 2018

　　Cctv newsAccording to China Weather Network, there will be moderate to heavy rain and local rainstorm in Beijing today (July 27th). At present, rainstorm and lightning warning are in effect. From 29th to 30th, the thunderstorm in Beijing was online, and the rainfall level was closely related to the typhoon "fireworks" path. The public should pay attention to the latest forecast and warning information.

　　Last night, rain hit Beijing, and the rainfall in the northeast was obvious. The live monitoring data showed that the average rainfall in the city was 8.3 mm from 15: 00 on the 26th to 00: 00 on the 27th, and the average rainfall in the urban area was 3.0 mm. The maximum rainfall in Shunyi was 176.3 mm.. As of 7: 00 today, the rainstorm and lightning warning in Beijing is still in effect.

　　Today, the rainfall in Beijing will continue. The Beijing Meteorological Observatory predicts that there will be moderate to heavy rain during the day, local heavy rain (accompanied by lightning), and the north will turn to the south wind, with a maximum temperature of 28 C. At night, there is little to moderate rain (accompanied by lightning), and the south turns to the north wind, with a minimum temperature of 24 C.

　　There will still be thunderstorms in Beijing tomorrow. From 29th to 30th, the rainfall in Beijing was online, and the rainfall level was closely related to the typhoon "Fireworks" path. At present, the moving speed and path of the typhoon are uncertain, so the public should pay attention to the latest forecast and early warning information.

　　Meteorologists reminded that there has been a lot of rain in Beijing recently. Please pay attention to carrying rain gear and traffic safety when going out. At the same time, avoid playing in dangerous areas such as mountains and rivers.

　　this morning

　　Chengdu, Mianyang, Deyang and other places in Sichuan.

　　Have released the first high temperature warning this year.

　　Welcome the first high temperature orange warning in many places

　　At 10: 20 today

　　Chengdu meteorological observatory

　　Issue high-temperature orange warning signal

　　It is estimated that the maximum temperature in all towns (streets) in Wuhou District, Jinjiang District, Qingyang District, chenghua district, jinniu district, qingbaijiang district, High-tech South District, High-tech West District and East New District will rise above 35℃ in the next 24 hours. The high temperature period mainly occurs from 12: 00 to 18: 00 on the 30th.

　　Tuyuan @ Chengdu Meteorological Weibo

　　At 9: 50 today

　　Mianyang meteorological observatory

　　Issue high-temperature orange warning signal

　　It is estimated that the maximum temperature in most parts of Fucheng District and Youxian District of Mianyang City will rise above 35℃ in the next 24 hours.

　　this morning

　　Deyang release

　　Short-term nowcasting (high temperature)

　　Affected by high pressure, it is estimated that the maximum temperature in most parts of central and eastern Deyang (Zhongjiang, Luojiang, Jingyang and Guanghan) will rise above 35℃ during the day, and the high temperature will last until around 19: 00. Please do a good job in heatstroke prevention and cooling. At the same time, at 9: 20 today, Deyang Zhongjiang County Meteorological Observatory issued a high-temperature orange warning signal.

　　Tuyuan @ Deyang Meteorology Weibo

　　The last two days

　　Hot and muggy weather has arrived in Sichuan one after another.

　　Two days ago, Panzhihua and Liangshan were many places.

　　High temperature orange warning has been issued.

　　According to China Weather Network news,

　　May 29th is the high temperature range of this round in the south.

　　The widest day.

　　Panzhihua and Liangshan

　　The local maximum temperature even reached 41℃

　　Tuyuan China Weather Network

　　Rain plays the leading role in these places in Sichuan.

　　however

　　In some parts of Sichuan

　　Rain will continue to play the leading role.

　　According to China Weather Network, in the next three days (May 30th to June 1st), the rainy weather in Sichuan will continue to "punch in", with strong rain in some areas and heavy rain in some areas such as Bazhong and Dazhou.

　　Specifically, today, most of the Sichuan Basin is cloudy and cloudy, and there are showers or thunderstorms along the mountains in the northeast and west. Among them, there are moderate rains in Bazhong and Dazhou, in the east of Guangyuan and in the north of Nanchong, and some heavy rains to heavy rains; Aba Prefecture and eastern Ganzi Prefecture are cloudy with showers or thunderstorms, while the rest of Ganzi Prefecture and Panxi Prefecture are cloudy between sunny days.

　　Tuyuan China Weather Network

　　Tomorrow, the cities in Sichuan Basin will be cloudy with showers or thunderstorms on cloudy days, mainly with small to moderate rainfall, with heavy rain and local heavy rain in parts of Ya ‘an, Meishan, Leshan, Yibin, Luzhou, Bazhong and Dazhou. The eastern part of northern Aba Prefecture, the eastern part of Ganzi Prefecture and the northeastern part of Liangshan Prefecture are cloudy with scattered showers or thunderstorms, and the rest of the western Sichuan Plateau and Panxi area are cloudy with sunny days.

　　The day after tomorrow, the Sichuan Basin was cloudy with showers or thunderstorms in most areas, with moderate to heavy rains and local heavy rains in Bazhong, Dazhou, Nanchong and Guang ‘an. Most parts of Aba Prefecture are cloudy with scattered showers or thunderstorms, while most parts of Ganzi Prefecture and Panxi Prefecture are cloudy between sunny days.

　　The meteorological department reminded that most areas of the Sichuan Basin will continue to rain in the next three days, and some areas will be raining violently. The public should pay attention to the forecast of the approaching and pay attention to traffic safety when going out.

　　The weather changes quickly.

　　Dear friends, please pay attention to the weather forecast at any time.

[car home Information] On April 15th, HarmonyOS Zhixing officially announced that the new model (|) harvested 2,079 sets in the first weekend (April 13th-April 14th) after listing. The price of the new car was announced on April 11th, and five models were launched, with the price range of 249,800-349,800 yuan. The new Zhijie S7 will be the first to take Huawei’s visual intelligent driving, and the high-equipped model will be equipped with the same 192-line laser radar of Wenjie M9, which will further improve the intelligent driving.

In addition, car purchase can provide 30,000 yuan worth of rejuvenation rights and interests, including 6,000 yuan worth of interior decoration matching money, 3,000 yuan worth of MagLink flat suit, 20,000 yuan worth of Huawei ADS 2.0 advanced smart driving rights package and 1000 yuan delivery gift box (including awning sunshade, etc.).

Specifically, Huawei Visual Intelligent Driving (HUAWEI ADS Basic Edition) is a vision-based intelligent driving scheme, which can realize the quick and easy opening of national expressways and the easy stopping of intelligent parking. In addition, Huawei’s high-level intelligent driving has completed the full upgrade of NCA in urban areas, covering 40,000+cities and towns across the country, and can enjoy it immediately after picking up the car.

The version equipped with 192-line laser radar with high line number has the longest detection distance of 250m, which greatly improves the effective range of the omni-directional anti-collision system. The forward AEB supports 4-150km/h, the braking speed is 120km/h, the lateral AEB supports 40-130km/h for active obstacle avoidance, and the backward AEB supports 1-60km/h for active braking, so as to actively identify pedestrians, vehicles and other targets.

『The picture shows the old wisdom S7.』

Looking back at the appearance, Zhijie S7 is a pure electric medium-sized and large-sized car, and its front face design has a very good sense of movement, especially the combination of headlights and fog lights is very eye-catching. The side has a smooth roof line and is equipped with Brembo brake calipers, and the tail is designed with through taillights and ducklings. In terms of body size, the new car has a length/width/height of 4971/1963/1474mm and a wheelbase of 2950mm, respectively.

In terms of interior, Zhijie S7 adopts "yacht cabin design", which has obvious layering according to the distance of sight. The oval steering wheel is very different, and the 12.3-inch central control screen has built-in HarmonyOS OS4 car system.Xiaoyi, who joined Pangu’s big model, will start pushing in May.. The new car is also equipped with zero-gravity seats, double 50W wireless fast charging/three 66W wired fast charging and car refrigerator, etc. The overall configuration level is quite high.

In terms of power, Zhijie S7 comes standard with HUAWEI DriveONE 800V high-voltage silicon carbide platform, which can recharge 215km in 5 minutes and 430km in 15 minutes. The two-wheel drive version has a maximum power of 292 HP, and the four-wheel drive version has a maximum power of 496 HP. Its 0-100km/h acceleration time is 3.3 seconds, the braking distance of 100-0km/h is only 33.5 meters, and the comprehensive endurance of CLTC can reach up to 855km. In addition, the new car is equipped with Turing intelligent chassis, CDC variable damping shock absorber and air suspension to improve handling stability. (Compile/car home zhang xiaodan)

"Please welcome Pan Zhouyong, 29 years old, who graduated from the Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich with a master’s degree …" This is the introduction of Pan Zhouyong’s appearance when he participated in the program. This variety clip can be described as a hot circle, and his appearance expression and movements attracted many short video lovers to imitate it first.

This stem originally came from the seventh season of super brain, when the host introduced the contestants, which happened to be Pan Zhouyong. He got up in a very special way, tilting his shoulders and twisting his neck, giving people a cool and crazy feeling.

Later, Pan Zhouyong also responded that it was because the position was a little crowded and there were other players next to him, so his way of getting up had to be changed. This appearance made Pan Zhouyong popular, and he rose by a million in just one week.

Many people just watch the fragment of the introduction speech, and don’t know who the protagonist Pan Zhouyong is in the video and why he can explode. He not only participated in the seventh season of super brain, but also was a schoolmaster.

Just like his introduction, "I graduated from Zurich Federal Institute of Technology with a master’s degree", I think many people have already heard about this institution, which is Einstein’s alma mater. He also graduated from Oxford University, which shows that Pan Zhouyong has the strength of learning hegemony.

Pan Zhouyong itself has a strong strength. I didn’t expect an opening remark after two years and a toss to make him popular all over the network. Now he has become a "knowledge online celebrity", and he also said that he didn’t expect to become popular in this way. However, in the video, he is not "crazy" two years ago, but gentle and speaks slowly.

Speaking of "super brain", a variety show that has been with us for a long time, every season there are talented players who amaze netizens. Eight years, except for Pan Zhouyong, who recently exploded, what happened to other players?

Wang yuheng

Also known as "Water Brother", in the program, he successfully found the most special cup from 520 cups of homogeneous water. When his eyes were accidentally injured as a child and his right eye could not focus, he directly "killed" international players, and even the police invited him to participate in the investigation of the case and became famous in World War I.

Today, Wang Yuheng gradually fades out of people’s field of vision, takes care of children at home and guides their studies. Children are lively and lovely, knowledgeable and among the best. I also created my own brand, and I like to make some handmade ones and sell them online.

Liping Jia

In "super brain" program, he successfully created the world record of "blindly twisting and restoring two Rubik’s cubes underwater" with a score of 1 minute and 01 seconds. Then he defeated the international Spanish players and won a point for the China team. In the second year after participating in the program, she entered the marriage hall with her wife. She likes Rubik’s Cube very much, and they have the same hobby.

In 16 years, he once again participated in super brain, but this performance was not as good as the last one. First, he played badly, and then he was questioned by his opponent Lin Kaijun for cheating, which won the support of many players. This incident had a great impact on Jia Liping. At the same time, her marriage with her new wife only lasted for more than a year, which made netizens not only doubt his character.

Wang Feng

Have the title of "Master of World Memory". He won two consecutive championships in world memory championships and broke the world record many times. Super brain, who participated in 14 years, returned to super brain in 15 years and served as the captain of China, and served as the rotating chairman of the Fourth Season of super brain in 17 years. Realized the counterattack from the player to the mentor.

After the show, he not only burst into flames, but also gained love. Li Lu, a 19-year-old girl from Inner Mongolia, fell in love with Wang Feng in her heart. After the girl’s constant pursuit, she has now become his wife and gave birth to a child for him. Wang Feng can be said to be the best developed player, whose life and career are progressing.

Chen Ranran

Is a rare beauty in super brain, and one of the few female brain kings. In the program "super brain", he played against international players on behalf of China, defeated the Japanese player who defeated China last season, and won a point for China, which made him popular.

Since then, she has also received much attention, but she has kept a low profile and entered a law firm. Fifteen years ago, the super brain program team found Chen Ranran again, and Chen Ranran said that "super brain may be her last stage". I have never participated in other programs since then. Now she returns to a quiet life and concentrates on doing what she likes.

Today’s "super brain" is no longer liked by many audiences as before, the change of competition system has lost its original point of view, and even more players are put on show, so the ratings have declined. And those "talented" players in the early "super brain" are gradually forgotten. I hope that we can make rectification and let the audience see more "talented" players.

Time: December 08
Venue: Press Conference Hall of Lianyungang Release.
Subject: Interpretation of Management Measures for Vehicle Rescue Service Charges on Urban Roads and Ordinary Roads in Lianyungang City, Implementation Rules for Management of Service Charges of Pension Institutions in Lianyungang City and Management Measures for Management of Operating Parking Charges in Lianyungang City.
Moderator: Ding Yuankui, Deputy Director of the Municipal Price Bureau
Guest: Director of Service Price Department of Li Baoguo Municipal Price Bureau, Director of Charge Supervision and Management Department of Yanmen Municipal Price Bureau.

　　Ding Yuankui:Good morning, friends from the press and media! Welcome to the press conference of Lianyungang Price Bureau.

　　Today’s press conference mainly includes three contents: First, an interpretation of the Measures for the Administration of Vehicle Rescue Service Charges on Urban Roads and Ordinary Roads in Lianyungang; The second is to interpret the "Implementation Rules for the Management of Service Charges of Pension Institutions in Lianyungang City"; The third is to interpret the Measures for the Administration of Operating Parking Charges in Lianyungang City.

　　Now, I’d like to introduce the people who attended the conference today. They are: Li Baoguo, Director of Service Price Department of Municipal Price Bureau, Yan Wenwen, Director of Charge Supervision and Management Department, and I’m Ding Yuankui, Deputy Director of Municipal Price Bureau. Today, we also invited journalists and friends from seven media, including Lianyungang Daily, Cangwu Evening News, City TV Station, City Radio Station (Traffic Station), Lianyungang Publishing, Yangzi Evening News and Xinhuanet, to welcome them here.

　　First of all, please ask Director Li to interpret the Measures for the Administration of Vehicle Rescue Service Charges on Urban Roads and Ordinary Roads in Lianyungang for everyone.

　　Li Baoguo:Hello, media friends! Recently, the Municipal Price Bureau, together with the Municipal Transportation Bureau and the Municipal Public Security Bureau, issued the Measures for the Administration of Vehicle Rescue Service Charges for Urban Roads and Ordinary Roads in Lianyungang (Lianjiafu [2016] No.178). Next, let me introduce the background and main contents of the Measures.

　　First, the introduction background

　　Since the charging standard of vehicle rescue service on ordinary roads and urban roads in our city has been put into trial for two years, in order to further standardize the charging behavior of vehicle rescue service on ordinary roads and urban roads in our city, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the parties and ensure the safe and smooth roads, since the second half of this year, the Municipal Price Bureau has started the formulation of management measures for vehicle rescue service on urban roads and ordinary roads in accordance with the Regulations on Road Traffic Safety in Jiangsu Province and the Measures for the Administration of Vehicle Rescue Service Charges in Jiangsu Province, and combined with the actual situation of our city. After extensive research in the whole city, a forum was specially held for road rescue practitioners and vehicle insurance companies, and the preliminary plan for charging management measures was publicized to solicit opinions and suggestions and accept social supervision. After absorbing and adopting reasonable opinions, the Measures for the Administration of Vehicle Rescue Service Charges on Urban Roads and Ordinary Roads in Lianyungang City was officially issued on November 28th.

　　Second, the main content

　　The first is the scope of application. These Measures shall be applicable to the vehicles that fail or have traffic accidents on urban roads and ordinary highways in the urban areas of our city, and the vehicle rescue service agencies provide rescue services and collect fees.

　　The second is basic classification. Urban roads and ordinary highway rescue service charges are divided into ordinary rescue service charges, basic rescue service charges and special rescue service charges. The general rescue service charge refers to the simple rescue to restore the running function of the vehicle, including the fees charged for pumping electricity, sending oil, mechanical failure and replacing the spare tire. The basic service fee for rescue in distress refers to the fee charged for the rescue when the vehicle encounters a fault or an accident, and it cannot be resumed on the premise of ensuring safety through quick repair, and it is necessary to use professional rescue tools such as trailers and cranes. The special service charge for rescue in distress refers to the fees charged when the rescued vehicle is loaded with inflammable, explosive and dangerous goods, or when the vehicle needs to be demolished due to traffic accidents, or when a crane of more than 50 tons (excluding) is needed for rescue.

　　The third is the charging standard. Ordinary rescue service charges and basic rescue service charges in distress shall be set by the municipal price department, and the vehicle rescue service agency shall not break through, but shall be allowed to float downward. The specific criteria are:

　　Passenger cars, minibuses (vehicle length ≤4m) and minivans (total mass ≤1.8t) are less than or equal to the starting price of the trailer operation fee of 300 yuan/vehicle/time within 10km, the towing fee of 5 yuan/vehicle/kilometer over 10km and the crane operation fee of 800 yuan/time; Light passenger cars (4m < vehicle length ≤6m) and light trucks (1.8t < total mass ≤6t) are less than or equal to the starting price of the trailer operation fee of 350 yuan/vehicle/time within 10km, the towing fee of 10 yuan/vehicle/kilometer over 10km and the crane operation fee of 1000 yuan/time; Medium-sized passenger cars (6m < vehicle length ≤9m) and medium-sized trucks (6t < total mass ≤14t) are less than or equal to the starting price of the trailer operation fee of 400 yuan/vehicle/time within 10km, and the towing fee of 15 yuan/vehicle/kilometer over 10km, and the crane operation fee of 1,500 yuan/time; For large buses (vehicle length > 9m), the starting price of the trailer operation fee is less than or equal to 10 km, 600 yuan/vehicle/time, and the towing fee is more than 10 km, 20 yuan/vehicle/kilometer. The crane operation fee for buses with total mass less than or equal to 35 tons is 2,200 yuan/time, and the crane operation fee for buses with total mass greater than 35 tons is 3,800 yuan/time. For heavy trucks (with a total mass of > 14t), the starting price of the trailer operation fee is less than or equal to 700 yuan/vehicle/time within 10km, and the towing fee is 20 yuan/vehicle/kilometer over 10km; the crane operation fee of the truck with a total mass of less than or equal to 35t is 2,200 yuan/time, and the crane operation fee of the truck with a total mass of more than 35t is 3,800 yuan/time;Ordinary road rescue (electricity pumping, oil delivery, mechanical failure, replacement of spare tire, etc.) 80 yuan/time; The charge for motorcycle rescue service is 100 yuan/time.

　　Among them, it should be emphasized that all the charging items do not include the toll of the rescued vehicles crossing the road and bridge, and the toll of the vehicles crossing the road and bridge (tunnel) from the rescue site to the place where the rescued vehicles are parked shall be borne by the rescued party; If the rescued vehicle cannot be simply towed and does not need to use a crane, but auxiliary wheels can be used for rescue, the trailer operation fee can be increased by 30% according to the prescribed charging standard; Towing fee (sum of starting kilometer towing fee and super-starting kilometer towing fee) The maximum operating fee for each trailer is not more than 1,500 yuan.

　　The special service charge for rescue in distress shall be determined through consultation between the vehicle rescue service agency and the parties concerned. If the people or goods loaded by the rescued vehicle need to be transferred to other transport vehicles, the fees to be charged shall be determined by both parties through consultation.

　　The fourth is related requirements.

　　Price tag: Vehicle rescue service agencies should strictly implement the relevant provisions of price tag and accept social supervision. Before accepting the entrustment and operation of the parties, the vehicle rescue service institution shall clearly inform the parties of the required operation items, charging standards and service contents, and can carry out rescue and charge after consultation with the parties and signing an agreement.

　　In terms of expenses: when a vehicle breaks down on an urban road or an ordinary highway or a traffic accident hinders traffic, but the party concerned fails to entrust it or cannot, the traffic management department of the public security shall notify the vehicle rescue service agency to carry out the rescue, and the expenses shall be borne by the party concerned. If the administrative law enforcement department detains the accident vehicle according to law and issues corresponding legal documents due to the need of collecting evidence, or drags the illegally parked vehicle according to law, the resulting towing expenses shall be borne by the administrative law enforcement department.

　　Other aspects: The charges for vehicle rescue services on expressways shall be implemented according to the Standard for Charges for Expressway Obstacle Removal Services in Jiangsu Province. Counties and Ganyu District can refer to the implementation or formulate local vehicle rescue service charging standards according to the actual situation. The measures shall be implemented as of January 1, 2017.

　　Ding Yuankui:Next, please ask Director Yan to interpret the "Detailed Rules for the Administration of Service Charges of Old-age Care Institutions in Lianyungang".

　　Strict documents:Hello, friends from the media. Recently, the Municipal Price Bureau and the Civil Affairs Bureau jointly formulated the Detailed Rules for the Administration of Service Charges in the Old-age Care Institutions in Lianyungang. Let me explain the relevant policies for you.

　　There are 22 Detailed Rules for the Administration of Service Charges for the Aged in Lianyungang City, which mainly include the background, scope of application, charging content, fee refund management and charging supervision measures.

　　The first is to introduce the background. In order to standardize the service charge behavior of the old-age care institutions in our city, promote the healthy development of the old-age care cause, and earnestly safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the elderly and the old-age care institutions, the Municipal Price Bureau, jointly with the Civil Affairs Bureau, formulated the detailed rules according to the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Price Law, the Interim Measures for the Administration of Service Charge of the Old-age Care Institutions in Jiangsu Province and other laws and regulations, and combined with the actual situation in our city.

　　The second is the scope of application. The implementation scope of the Detailed Rules is all kinds of old-age care institutions such as nursing homes, nursing homes, nursing homes, care homes, nursing homes and social welfare centers, which are established in Lianyungang City in accordance with the Measures for Licensing the Establishment of Old-age Care Institutions and registered according to law, and provide full-time centralized living and care services for the elderly.

　　The third is the charging content and management methods. Pension institutions in the civil affairs, health and other administrative departments within the scope of services, in accordance with industry norms, operating procedures, to carry out pension services, you can charge a reasonable fee to the elderly. The service charges of old-age care institutions are divided into bed fees, nursing fees, meals, agency service charges and special service charges.

　　The service charges of the old-age care institutions shall be classified and managed, and the bed fees and nursing fees of public-run old-age care institutions shall be set by the government. Meals, agency service charges and special service charges are independently priced by the pension institutions according to the actual costs, and remain relatively stable. The service charges of private, public and private pension institutions are subject to market adjustment prices, which are determined by the operators themselves and remain relatively stable.

　　The food expenses shall be reasonably set by the pension institution according to the market price level and the principle of non-profit. Meal expenses shall be accounted for separately, publicized on a monthly basis, automatically accumulated and used with balances, and shall not be transferred to profits, and shall be settled according to the actual consumption situation of the elderly. Charges for agency services can be collected on a monthly or monthly basis and settled according to the facts, and no other fees may be charged. The two parties shall make an agreement in written contract. The charging standard for special needs services shall be reasonably formulated by the old-age care institutions. Special needs services shall embody the principle of voluntariness, and the contents and charging standards of special needs services shall be publicly informed, and no compulsory service or charging shall be allowed. Basic old-age services within industry norms shall not be converted into special needs services in disguise.

　　The fourth is the formulation and adjustment requirements of fees. Public pension institutions to apply for the formulation or adjustment of bed fees, nursing fees standards, should submit a written price adjustment report, after the approval of the civil affairs department, the civil affairs department reported to the competent price department at the same level for approval. The old-age care institution shall sign a written service contract with the elderly or their clients, specifying the service items, service contents, charging standards, dispute settlement methods and other terms, and regularly provide a list of expenses and related expense settlement accounts. Old-age care institutions should provide corresponding services according to the service content and service quality standards stipulated or promised. If the service is not provided in accordance with the contract, no relevant fees shall be charged.

　　The fifth is the policy enjoyed by the old-age care institutions. Old-age care institutions should enjoy various preferential policies supported by the state, province and city. The water, electricity, gas and heat used by the old-age care institutions are implemented according to the living price of residents. Old-age care institutions install telephones, cable (digital) TVs and broadband Internet free of one-time access fees, and cable (digital) TV basic viewing and maintenance fees are charged at half the local resident user terminal charges.

　　Sixth, the obligation of public pension institutions. In addition to the "three noes" (no ability to work, no source of income, no dependents and caregivers, or their caregivers and caregivers really have no ability to support and raise), other financially disadvantaged widows, disabled, semi-disabled, widowed, elderly, low-income elderly and disabled soldiers should be given priority in staying, and the necessary preferential charging policies should be implemented. Priority should be given to ensuring the demand for aged care services for the elderly with special difficulties.

　　Seventh, regulatory measures for fees. In order to strengthen the management of service charges in old-age care institutions, the Detailed Rules stipulates that old-age care institutions need to establish and improve the charge management system, and do a good job in the system of charge publicity, charge change and annual report, so as to ensure that the quality and price are consistent. Pension institutions shall not charge any undisclosed fees.

　　Ding Yuankui:Next, please ask Director Li to interpret the Measures for the Administration of Charges for Operating Parking Lots in Lianyungang City.

　　Li Baoguo:Hello, media friends! Next, let me introduce the background and main contents of the Measures for the Administration of Operating Parking Charges in Lianyungang City (Lianjiafu [2016] No.182).

　　First of all, introduce the background of the Measures.

　　In December 2015, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the Ministry of Transport jointly issued the Guiding Opinions on Further Improving the Charging Policy for Motor Vehicle Parking Services, which set clear requirements for further improving the charging mechanism for motor vehicle parking services, giving full play to price leverage and promoting the optimization and upgrading of the parking industry. In order to better implement this opinion and effectively safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of consumers and operators, the Municipal Price Bureau issued the Measures for the Administration of Parking Charges in Lianyungang Urban Area on November 23, in accordance with relevant laws and regulations such as Jiangsu Province Price Regulations and Jiangsu Province Pricing Catalogue, and combined with Lianyungang Urban Parking Lot Construction Work Plan (2016-2017).

　　Below, the main contents of the Measures are introduced.

　　The first is the management form of parking lot charges. Operating parking fees, the implementation of government-guided prices and market-regulated prices in two forms of price management. Public parking lots and internal special parking lots operated externally shall be subject to government-guided prices. Independent professional mechanical three-dimensional parking lots and social capital fully invest in new parking lots to implement market-adjusted parking charges. If the parking lot provides non-motor vehicle parking services, the service charges shall be subject to market-adjusted prices.

　　Second, the parking service charges of the operating parking lot managed by the government-guided price are priced differently according to different vehicle types, different time periods, different regions and different road sections. Annex 2 of the Measures clearly stipulates the parking fee standards, so I will not repeat them here.

　　Among them, the types of vehicles are divided into blue license plate (including black, the same below) and yellow license plate by the public security department according to the relevant provisions of the state; Time periods are divided into daytime (9: 00 to 21: 00) and nighttime (21: 00 to 9: 00 the next day); The road section is divided into three areas: Class I area, Class II area and Class III area. Annex 1 of the Measures clearly states the division of the three areas. What needs special explanation is that the motor vehicle parking lot set up by social public activities and welfare institutions such as schools, museums, libraries, art galleries, music halls, stadiums and nursing homes or the parking lot serving them shall implement the three-category district standards; The charging method is based on counting, timing or monthly charging. The parking lot with time-based charging takes 2 hours as the charging unit, and the charging starts after the time-based parking exceeds 30 minutes. The charging consists of the first charging period and the later period, and the maximum charging standard for continuous parking within 24 hours is set. Long-term parking of vehicles can be charged monthly, which is determined by both parties through consultation.

　　At the same time, the "Measures" emphasize that the government-guided price is the highest price limit, and each parking lot can be appropriately lowered according to different situations, and the downward floating range is not limited. The "Measures" also clarified six situations in which the parking lot with government-guided price is exempted from vehicle parking fees.

　　Third, the parking lot charging standards for market-regulated price management shall be independently formulated by the operators according to law, publicized and reported to the municipal price department for the record. Parking lots subject to market-regulated price management can formulate adjustment standards with reference to government-guided prices, and encourage the implementation of government-guided parking lot-related provisions on exempting vehicle parking fees.

　　The fourth is to implement the charging publicity system. Parking lot operators shall set up a price tag (table) for parking fees under the supervision of the competent price department in a prominent position in the parking places and charging places, indicating the types of parked vehicles, service contents, charging units, total number of berths, charging standards and service supervision telephones of business units, and price reporting telephones.

　　Fifth, consumers refuse to pay parking fees. If the parking lot operator is under any of the following circumstances, the consumer may refuse to pay the parking fee, and have the right to report it to the competent price department or solve it through other legal channels. (a) do not charge parking fees according to the provisions of these measures; (two) the system of charging publicity is not implemented or the charging publicity is not standardized; (3) Failing to install a qualified time charging management system or a special time charging tool to implement time charging and pre-charging; (4) Failing to provide or use valid bills; (five) in violation of the provisions of these measures; (6) Other circumstances stipulated by laws and regulations.

　　The sixth is other content. Motor vehicle parking service charges in residential areas shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Measures for the Implementation of Lianyungang Property Service Charge Management. Temporary parking spaces in urban roads are set in accordance with the Code for Setting Parking Spaces on Urban Roads (GA/T 850—2009) issued by the Ministry of Public Security, and the charging standards are still implemented in accordance with the Measures for the Administration of Motor Vehicle Parking Services in Lianyungang. Counties and Ganyu District can refer to these measures, combined with local conditions, and formulate corresponding management measures for operating parking fees. These Measures shall come into force as of January 1, 2017.

　　Ding Yuankui:Today’s press conference is over, thank you.

　　Since June, there have been strikes in France, Germany and Belgium, and the British railway has suffered the largest strike in 30 years. What happened to the European economy? Cui Hongjian, director of the European Institute of China Institute of International Studies, believes that the conflict between Russia and Ukraine in the United States has promoted sanctions against Russia, and the rise in energy prices has led to stagflation in the European economy, making it more difficult to move toward economic recovery.

　　Xinhuanet invitedCui Hongjian, Director of the European Institute of China Institute of International StudiesRead it for you!

　　Xinhuanet: What’s wrong with the European economy? What is the reason?

　　Cui Hongjian:Recently, the economies of European and American countries have been hit hard. On the one hand, there is high inflation, that is, the price level continues to rise, on the other hand, there is a serious shortage of consumption, and construction has declined. The emergence of this situation has been caused by the economic structural problems of European countries for quite a long time, such as the lack of vitality in the labor market and the high social welfare expenditure. At the same time, in the short term, the conflict between Russia and Ukraine has had an impact on the European economy from both demand and supply.

　　On the supply side, due to the western energy sanctions against Russia, the energy gap in Europe is getting bigger and bigger, and the energy cost is rising rapidly. On the demand side, due to rising prices, energy has concentrated on crowding out capital expenditures in many other fields, so now European people are more and more uncertain and insecure about consumption, and everyone is afraid to spend money. These have led to the current European economy falling into a very big dilemma.

　　Xinhuanet: The conflict between Russia and Ukraine continues, and the United States and the West are waving sanctions against Russia. What impact does this have on the European economy?

　　Cui Hongjian:Since the outbreak of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, the United States has been trying to bring the pace of Europe. In addition to providing support to Ukraine, another key point is to drive European countries to launch multiple rounds of sanctions against Russia. With the escalation of sanctions, the United States, which is less dependent on Russia for energy and trade, has suffered less damage, but European countries have formed a very close interdependent relationship with Russia in industry and energy. In fact, the United States did not consider the losses of the so-called allies, but also intensified its efforts to continue to promote sanctions against Russia.

　　Since the fifth round of EU sanctions against Russia, the effect of sanctions is not obvious, and it has also played a counterproductive role. The EU is now soberly aware that blindly pushing up sanctions against Russia with the United States will bring more losses to the EU itself. Europe is not only tired of sanctions against Russia, but also tired of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine. At the same time, there are more and more dissatisfaction with blindly following up American policies.

　　If the United States continues to step up sanctions and pressure on Russia, I think the contradiction between the so-called alliance system between the United States and Europe will become more and more serious. Because the interests of both sides, especially the goal of diplomatic security, have great differences and contradictions at the root.

　　Xinhuanet: How can Europe overcome the current difficulties and achieve economic recovery?

　　Cui Hongjian:If Europe really wants a sustained economic recovery, it may still need to better promote international cooperation. When it comes to international cooperation, there is no doubt that the best choice for Europe now is emerging economies and a broader market, including China.

　　The economic dependence between Europe and America is very high, and the two sides have close cooperation in trade, industry and investment. This will lead to a vicious circle. Inflation and economic stagnation will spread back and forth between European and American economies, but it will make the European economy face greater difficulties.

　　However, emerging economies have maintained a relatively good growth trend so far. China and Europe should not only work together to persuade peace and promote talks, but also help both sides of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict return to the direction of peaceful settlement of disputes. At the same time, they should further strengthen pragmatic cooperation in supply chain and industrial chain security, which will not only continue to consolidate in traditional fields, but also further spread to green transformation, high technology and other fields. I think only in this way can Europe not only reform itself, but also get out of the current economic predicament through cooperation with China and other real partners.

Departments (bureaus) of human resources and social security of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, Health Bureau (Health and Family Planning Commission), Civil Service Bureau, Human Resources and Social Security Bureau and Health Bureau of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, and personnel (cadre) departments of various ministries and commissions in the State Council:

In accordance with the requirements of the circular issued by the former Ministry of Health (Wei Tong [2012] No.23) on eight recommended health industry standards, such as the Quality Index of Routine Clinical Biochemical Examination, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the Health and Family Planning Commission have organized medical experts to revise the relevant contents of the Operation Manual for Civil Servant Employment Physical Examination (for Trial Implementation), which are hereby printed and distributed to you. This notice shall be implemented as of September 1, 2013. In the specific work, in case of problems, please timely feedback to the central civil service authorities and health (health and family planning) administrative departments.

Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security Health and Family Planning Commission Civil Service Bureau

August 19, 2013

Operation Manual of Civil Servant’s Employment Physical Examination (Trial).

Relevant revision contents

I "Article 2 Physical Examination Items and Operating Procedures 6.1 Blood Routine" is revised as:

6.1 Blood routine

It can provide clues for the diagnosis of hematological diseases. Among them, red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets are counted by instrument or microscope, and hemoglobin is counted by instrument or photoelectric colorimetry. Must check the project includes the following five items:

6.1.1 Total number of red blood cells (RBC)

[Reference value] Male: (4.3 ~ 5.8) × 1012/L; Female: (3.8 ~ 5.1) × 1012/L.

Erythropenia is more common in all kinds of anemia, such as acute or chronic aplastic anemia and iron deficiency anemia. Polycythemia is common in hypoxia, blood concentration, polycythemia vera and secondary polycythemia.

6.1.2 Hemoglobin (HGB)

[Reference value] Male: 130 ~ 175 g/L; Female: 115 ~ 150 g/L.

The clinical significance of decreasing or increasing hemoglobin is basically the same as the total number of red blood cells.

6.1.3 Total white blood cell count (WBC)

[Reference value] (3.5 ~ 9.5) × 109/L.

Physiological leukocytosis is common in strenuous exercise, after eating, pregnancy and so on. In addition, different blood collection sites can also make the number of white blood cells different, such as the average number of white blood cells in earlobe blood is higher than that in finger blood.

Pathological leukocytosis is common in acute suppurative infection, uremia, leukemia, tissue injury, acute bleeding and so on.

Pathological leukopenia is common in aplastic anemia, some infectious diseases, liver cirrhosis, hypersplenism, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, taking some drugs and so on.

6.1.4 Differential white blood cell count (DC)

[Reference value]

Neutrophils: (1.8 ~ 6.3) × 109/L (40% ~ 75%).

Eosinophil: (0.02 ~ 0.52) × 109/L (0.4% ~ 8%).

Basophil: (0.00 ~ 0.06) × 109/L (0 ~ 1%).

Lymphocyte: (1.1 ~ 3.2) × 109/L (20% ~ 50%).

Monocyte: (0.1 ~ 0.6) × 109/L (3% ~ 10%).

Neutrophilia is common in acute suppurative infection, massive hemorrhage, serious tissue injury, chronic myeloid leukemia, sleeping pill poisoning, etc. Reduce common viral infections, aplastic anemia, agranulocytosis, etc.

Eosinophilia is common in psoriasis, pemphigus, eczema, bronchial asthma, allergies, some hematological diseases and tumors, such as chronic myeloid leukemia, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, lung cancer and cervical cancer. Decrease is common in the early stage of typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever and after long-term use of adrenocortical hormone.

Basophilia is common in chronic myeloid leukemia with bone marrow fibrosis, chronic hemolysis and splenectomy. Reduction is generally of no clinical significance.

Lymphocytosis is common in infectious mononucleosis, tuberculosis, malaria, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, whooping cough, some viral infections, etc. Decrease is common in some leukemia or excessive destruction, such as long-term chemotherapy, X-ray irradiation and immune deficiency.

Monocytosis is common in monocytic leukemia, active tuberculosis, typhoid fever, malaria, etc. Reducing the clinical significance is not significant.

6.1.5 platelet count (PLT)

[reference value] (125 ~ 350) × 109/L.

Increased platelet count is more common in thrombocytosis, after splenectomy, acute infection, hemolysis, fracture, etc. Decrease is more common in aplastic anemia, acute leukemia, acute radiation sickness, primary or secondary thrombocytopenic purpura, hypersplenism, uremia, after taking some drugs, etc.

Two, the "second physical examination items and operating procedures 6.3 blood biochemistry" is revised as follows:

6.3 blood biochemistry

6.3.1 Diagnostic index of blood glucose (GLU) diabetes. Glucose oxidase method and automatic or semi-automatic biochemical analyzer should be used, and blood should be detected as soon as possible after blood collection.

[reference value] 3.9 ~ 6.1 mmol/L.

The blood glucose concentration of blood taken on an empty stomach for more than 8 hours is ≥7.0 mmol/L, or the blood glucose concentration of blood taken at any time of the day is ≥11.1 mmol/L, and it still reaches or exceeds this value after reexamination, so as to diagnose diabetes; The fasting blood glucose concentration is between 5.6 and 6.9 mmol/L, and further diagnosis should be made by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). If the 2-hour blood glucose concentration of OGTT is ≥11.1 mmol/L, diabetes is diagnosed.

6.3.2 Liver biochemical indexes of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) can be detected by automatic or semi-automatic biochemical analyzer by enzymatic method, which can be used for early diagnosis of hepatobiliary diseases such as viral hepatitis and help to judge the degree and prognosis of the disease.

[reference value] male: 9 ~ 50 u/l, female: 7 ~ 40 u/l.

6.3.3 Liver biochemical indexes of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and the detection method and significance are the same as those of ALT.

[reference value] male: 15 ~ 40 u/l, female: 13 ~ 35 u/l.

ALT and AST are sensitive indicators reflecting the damage of liver cells, which can be increased in the incubation period and early onset of hepatitis, so it is helpful for early detection of hepatitis. ALT mainly exists in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes, while AST is distributed in the mitochondria of hepatocytes in addition to the cytoplasm. ALT and AST levels can be increased when liver cells are damaged by various liver diseases (such as viral hepatitis, drug-induced liver damage, fatty liver, cirrhosis, etc.) and some extrahepatic diseases.

When liver damage is mild, only ALT and AST in cytoplasm are released into blood, so the increase of ALT is greater than AST. It is generally believed that serum ALT exceeds the upper limit of reference value by more than 2 times, indicating that liver cells have inflammation, necrosis and liver damage. When severe liver injury occurs, mitochondria are destroyed, and a large amount of AST is released into the blood, resulting in a higher serum AST level than ALT. AST/ALT ratio > 1 can indicate the progress of hepatitis with significant hepatocyte necrosis. Therefore, measuring AST/ALT ratio is helpful to judge the severity of liver injury. The increase of single AST should also consider the pathological changes of myocardium and bones, especially the ratio of AST／ALT in myocardial infarction is often greater than 3, accompanied by corresponding clinical manifestations, so it is not difficult to diagnose.

In addition to the liver, other tissues such as heart, brain, kidney and muscle also contain ALT and AST, and the pathological changes of these organs can also cause the increase of serum ALT and AST. Changes in some physiological conditions can also cause the elevation of ALT and AST. For example, strenuous physical activity may cause a temporary slight elevation of ALT. Because there are various reasons for the increase of serum ALT and AST, it is necessary to make a clear diagnosis according to the specific situation and combined with other necessary examination methods.

6.3.4 Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) Blood urea nitrogen is the product of protein metabolism. The purpose of determining blood urea nitrogen is to judge the excretion ability of protein metabolites by the kidney, so the value of blood urea nitrogen can be used as an index to judge glomerular filtration function. However, blood urea nitrogen is easily influenced by diet, urine volume and other factors, so although it can be used as an index to judge glomerular function, it is not as accurate as blood creatinine. Blood urea nitrogen was detected by urease method.

[reference value] 2.8 ~ 7.2 mmol/L.

6.3.5 Serum creatinine (CR) is the product of human muscle metabolism, which is not easily influenced by diet and urine volume, and can reflect renal function more sensitively, and is an important indicator for diagnosing renal failure, and its level is directly proportional to the degree of renal function damage. Serum creatinine was detected by picric acid method or enzymatic method.

[Reference value] Picric acid method: 44 ~ 133 μ mol/L for male and 70 ~ 106 μ mol/L for female. Enzymatic method: 53 ~ 97 μ mol/L for male and 44 ~ 80 μ mol/L for female.

When both blood urea nitrogen and blood creatinine are "mmol/ L", the reference value of the ratio of blood urea nitrogen to creatinine is 25 ~ 40. When the ratio is less than 25, protein’s insufficient intake and acute tubular necrosis are considered; > 40, considering the cause of prerenal.

Because the measured values of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine are easily influenced by hemolysis, bilirubin and drugs, it is of diagnostic significance to increase them at the same time. The degree of blood urea nitrogen increase is more obvious than that of blood creatinine in renal parenchymal lesions.

Iii. Amend the detailed rules for the implementation of Article 3 "General Standards for Physical Examination of Civil Servants (for Trial Implementation)" 3. About Hematological Diseases as follows:

Article 3 the blood system disease, unqualified. Simple iron deficiency anemia, with hemoglobin higher than 90 g/L in men and 80 g/L in women, is qualified.

3.1 Interpretation of Articles

The blood system consists of blood and hematopoietic organs, which include bone marrow, spleen, lymph nodes, lymphoid tissues scattered all over the body and mononuclear-phagocytic cell system. Hematological diseases refer to diseases that originate from and mainly involve blood and hematopoietic organs (the former is leukemia and the latter is iron deficiency anemia), commonly known as hematological diseases. Those who suffer from other systemic diseases and have blood changes can only be called hematological manifestations of systemic diseases, not real hematological diseases.

Hematological diseases can generally be divided into red blood cell diseases, white blood cell diseases, hemorrhagic diseases, hematopoietic stem cell diseases, etc. Clinically, they can be manifested as lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, etc. caused by anemia, hemorrhage, fever or malignant cell infiltration, and different diseases have their own characteristics. Now only some common diseases are briefly described.

3.1.1 Anemia means that the hemoglobin content per unit volume of blood is lower than the lower limit of the reference value, and it is often accompanied by a decrease in the number of red blood cells and hematocrit in different degrees. It is generally believed that in plain areas, anemia can be diagnosed when the hemoglobin content of adult males is less than 130 g/L and females are less than 115 g/L. Anemia can be primary to hematopoietic organ diseases, or secondary to some systemic diseases (such as chronic kidney disease, chronic liver disease, chronic infection caused by various pathogens, malignant tumors, etc.). The etiological judgment of anemia is very important, with different causes and different prognosis. Except for iron deficiency anemia caused by some reasons, it is often difficult to completely cure and it is unqualified in physical examination. Common anemia has the following types:

1) Iron deficiency anemia: It is the most common anemia, which is caused by the lack of iron necessary for the synthesis of hemoglobin in the body. It is characterized by small cell hypochromic anemia. Common causes include chronic blood loss (such as menorrhagia, hemorrhoid bleeding, ulcer disease, hookworm disease, etc.) and iron malabsorption (such as after subtotal gastrectomy, long-term diarrhea, lack of stomach acid, hobby of strong tea, etc.). The prognosis depends on whether the etiology can be eliminated. If the etiology can be eliminated, anemia can be corrected quickly. The so-called simple iron deficiency anemia also refers to anemia caused by bad eating habits, menorrhagia, hemorrhoid bleeding, etc. When the hemoglobin content of this kind of anemia is not less than 90 g/L for men and 80 g/L for women, the symptoms are not obvious, and the cause is easy to eliminate, which has little impact on the body. After the cause is eliminated, the hemoglobin content is easy to return to normal and the prognosis is good, so it can be treated as qualified.

2) Aplastic anemia: referred to as aplastic anemia, is a syndrome characterized by pancytopenia caused by bone marrow failure caused by various causes. The common causes are drugs, chemical poisons, ionizing radiation, virus infection and so on. Aplastic anemia can be divided into acute type and chronic type. Acute type has an acute onset and rapid progress, and its main clinical manifestations are bleeding (such as gastrointestinal bleeding, hematuria, fundus hemorrhage and intracranial hemorrhage, etc.), which is easy to be complicated with infection and has a high mortality rate. The onset of chronic type is slow, and anemia is the main manifestation. The course of disease is long, and remission and attack can alternate repeatedly, and it will not heal for many years. Once the disease is diagnosed, it is concluded that it is unqualified.

3) megaloblastic anemia: anemia caused by DNA synthesis disorder caused by folic acid and/or vitamin B12 deficiency. It is characterized by an increase in the volume of hematopoietic cells, involving red blood cells, granulocytes and megakaryocytes. Clinically, it often shows pancytopenia with gastrointestinal symptoms. The common reasons are long-term vegetarian diet, partial eclipse, improper cooking of vegetables, improper dieting, malabsorption caused by gastrointestinal diseases, taking drugs that interfere with the absorption of folic acid and/or vitamin B12, etc. Once the disease is diagnosed, it is concluded that it is unqualified.

4) Tumor anemia: anemia caused by blood tumor (such as leukemia, lymphoma and myeloma) or solid tumor infiltrating into bone marrow or abnormal bone marrow hyperplasia (such as myelodysplastic syndrome). Once the disease is diagnosed, it is concluded that it is unqualified.

5) Hemolytic anemia: It is caused by the accelerated destruction of red blood cells, which exceeds the compensatory ability of hematopoietic function of bone marrow. Its main features are anemia, jaundice, splenomegaly, reticulocytosis and myeloerythropoiesis. The causes of hemolysis can be caused by genetic defects of red blood cells such as structural and functional defects of red blood cell membrane and enzyme defects, and can also be caused by acquired factors such as infection, drugs, physics and chemistry, immunity and metabolism. According to the main sites of red blood cell destruction, it can be divided into intravascular hemolysis and extravascular hemolysis. Both of them are unqualified conclusions.

3.1.2 Polycythemia refers to the fact that the number of red blood cells, hemoglobin content and hematocrit per unit volume of blood are significantly higher than the reference value. Usually, polycythemia can be diagnosed by hemoglobin ≥180 g/L, red blood cell number ≥6.0×1012/L or hematocrit ≥0.55. There are many causes, which can be relative polycythemia caused by decreased plasma volume, secondary polycythemia caused by tissue hypoxia, and true polycythemia (also known as primary polycythemia) with unknown reasons. Whether the patient with secondary polycythemia is qualified or not depends on the etiology. If the hemoglobin content and red blood cell count caused by temporary dehydration slightly exceed the reference value and can be corrected by normal drinking water, a qualified conclusion can be made; For those caused by other causes, the unqualified conclusion should be made according to the nature of the primary disease.

1) Secondary polycythemia: Tissue hypoxia caused by various reasons can lead to compensatory erythrocytic proliferation, that is, secondary polycythemia. The common causes are excessive smoking, high altitude polycythemia, cyanotic congenital heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, tumor, kidney disease, obesity-pulmonary ventilation syndrome and so on.

2) polycythemia vera: it is a chronic myeloproliferative disease with abnormal proliferation of erythroid cells, with slow onset, characterized by dark red skin and mucous membrane, splenomegaly, increased red blood cell count and blood volume with pancytocytosis, and often nervous system and blood circulation dysfunction, thrombosis, heart failure, etc. Once the disease is diagnosed, the conclusion is unqualified.

3.1.3 Leukocyte diseases include all kinds of leukopenia and hyperplasia diseases.

1) Leukopenia and agranulocytosis: Leukopenia refers to peripheral blood white blood cell count < 3.5×109/L, in which neutropenia accounts for the vast majority. When the total number of neutrophils is < 0.5×109/L, it is called agranulocytosis. The causes of both are roughly the same. The most common causes are drug reactions (anti-tumor drugs, immunosuppressive drugs, antibiotics, antithyroid drugs, antiarrhythmic drugs, antihistamines and sedatives, etc.), radiation and chemical damage, immune-mediated bone marrow damage, bone marrow infiltration by abnormal cells (such as tumor cells), some bacterial and viral infections, and granulocyte maturation disorders (such as folic acid and vitamin B12 deficiency). In addition, abnormal distribution in blood pool, increased demand and accelerated consumption and destruction can also cause this disease.

Because most of the causes are acquired factors, the unqualified conclusion is made before the causes are eliminated and the total number of white blood cells or neutrophils is not restored to normal and stable.

2) neutropenia: refers to the number of neutrophils in peripheral blood > 7.0× 109/L. The main causes are acute infection, tissue necrosis, severe burns, poisoning, drug reaction, myeloproliferative diseases (chronic myeloid leukemia, polycythemia vera, primary thrombocytosis, myelofibrosis), and some malignant tumors. It can also occur due to physiological reasons such as pregnancy, emotional excitement, strenuous exercise, etc. Whether the disease is qualified or not depends on the etiology. For those who may be caused by mild inflammation, exercise or emotional factors, white blood cells are slightly elevated and can return to normal after reexamination, a qualified conclusion can be made.

3.1.4 Malignant lymphoma refers to a malignant tumor originating in the immune system (lymph nodes or extra-nodal lymphoid tissues), which is characterized by a large number of proliferation of lymphocytes and/or histiocytes. Clinically, it often shows painless and progressive lymphadenopathy, fever, hepatosplenomegaly, cachexia and anemia in the late stage. Once the disease is diagnosed, the conclusion is unqualified.

3.1.5 Multiple myeloma is one of the most common malignant plasma cell diseases, which is characterized by the tumor proliferation of monoclonal plasma cells, thus destroying bone tissue. The main clinical manifestations are bone pain, pathological fracture, anemia, hypercalcemia, renal function damage and easy infection. Once the disease is diagnosed, the conclusion is unqualified.

3.1.6 Hypersplenism is a syndrome, which can be caused by a variety of primary or secondary causes, such as infection, congestion (heart failure, liver cirrhosis, portal vein or splenic vein obstruction, etc.), abnormal immune response, myeloproliferative diseases, etc. The clinical feature is splenomegaly with decrease of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets alone or simultaneously. Once the disease is diagnosed, the conclusion is unqualified.

3.1.7 The normal hemostasis mechanism of hemorrhagic disease is accomplished by the synergistic effect of blood vessels, platelets and coagulation mechanism. Obstacles in any one aspect can lead to abnormal bleeding, that is, excessive bleeding, which is called hemorrhagic disease.

1) Thrombocytopenia means that the platelet count in peripheral blood is less than 100× 109/L.. When the platelet count is lower than 50×109/L, there may be bleeding, and when it is lower than 20×109/L, the bleeding symptoms will be aggravated, such as skin and mucous membrane bleeding (diameter < ＜2 mm), purpura (diameter 3 ~ 5 mm) or ecchymosis (diameter > 5 mm), gingival bleeding, nosebleed, and even visceral bleeding, such as blood in stool and urine. There are many and complicated causes of thrombocytopenia, which are difficult to correct in most cases. As a physical examination, there is no need to make etiological diagnosis. Once thrombocytopenia is diagnosed, it is generally concluded that it is unqualified. If it can be confirmed that there is a temporary slight decrease in platelets caused by virus infection, drug factors, etc., and there is no bleeding tendency, those whose platelet count can return to normal level after eliminating the above factors can be treated as qualified.

2) Thrombocytopenic purpura: It belongs to a type of thrombocytopenia, including idiopathic, secondary and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, and its common feature is bleeding with thrombocytopenia. It is not difficult to diagnose the disease according to the clinical manifestations and laboratory examination. As a physical examination, there is no need to make a classified diagnosis. Once diagnosed, make an unqualified conclusion.

3) Henoch-Schonlein purpura (Henoch-Schonlein purpura) is a common allergic hemorrhagic disease, which is mainly caused by the increase of capillary wall permeability and brittleness due to the allergic reaction of the body to certain substances, leading to exudative bleeding. The main causes are infection, drugs, food and other factors. According to the clinical manifestations, it can be divided into simple type, abdominal type, joint type, renal type and mixed type. Once the disease is diagnosed, the conclusion is unqualified.

4) Hemophilia: It is a group of hemorrhagic diseases caused by hereditary thromboplastin production disorder, characterized by positive family history, childhood onset, spontaneous or mild traumatic bleeding, hematoma formation and joint bleeding. This disease is a lifelong disease, and there is no radical cure. Once diagnosed, it is unqualified.

3.1.8 Leukemia is a malignant tumor of hematopoietic system, accounting for about 5% of the total cancer incidence. It is characterized by the tumor proliferation of a certain type of leukemia cells in bone marrow or other hematopoietic tissues, and infiltration into other organs and tissues in the body, which inhibits normal hematopoiesis and produces corresponding symptoms and signs. Anemia, fever, infection, bleeding and swelling of liver, spleen and lymph nodes in different degrees are common in clinic. Once the disease is diagnosed, the conclusion is unqualified.

3.2 Diagnostic points

3.2.1 Iron deficiency anemia

1) Key points of medical history inquiry: whether there is a history of chronic blood loss (such as menorrhagia, ulcer bleeding, hemorrhoid bleeding, etc.) and primary diseases that cause iron absorption disorders (such as subtotal gastrectomy, atrophic gastritis, long-term diarrhea, etc.), and pay attention to finding etiological evidence of anemia; Whether there are symptoms of anemia, such as dizziness, fatigue, palpitation and shortness of breath after activities.

2) Physical examination points: Pale skin mucosa is the main sign of anemia, and it is generally reliable to observe nail bed, palm skin wrinkles, oral mucosa and eyelid conjunctiva. Pay attention to other signs such as angular stomatitis, glossitis, and increased heart rate.

3) Auxiliary inspection points:

Blood routine: it is the main basis for diagnosis of anemia, which can be analyzed by automatic blood cell analyzer. Iron deficiency anemia is characterized by small cell hypopigmentation anemia. Generally, the diagnosis can be confirmed by routine blood examination combined with medical history and signs.

Reticulocyte count: It should be used as a routine supplementary examination in anemia patients. The reticulocyte count of patients with iron deficiency anemia is mostly normal.

When the nature of anemia cannot be determined, further testing items can be selected according to local conditions, such as determination of serum ferritin, serum iron, total iron binding capacity, etc., to determine whether it is iron deficiency anemia, and to further find out the cause of iron deficiency, so as to make a qualified conclusion.

3.2.2 Aplastic anemia

1) Key points of medical history inquiry: Pay attention to inquire about possible causes (virus infection, taking drugs, working environment exposed to radiation, toxins or chemicals, etc.), onset time, anemia symptoms (fatigue, dizziness, palpitation, shortness of breath, etc.), susceptibility to infection (frequent fever) and bleeding history (nosebleed, gingival bleeding, conjunctival bleeding, hematemesis, hemoptysis, hematochezia, etc.).

2) Physical examination points: Pay attention to whether the skin and mucosa are pale, bleeding, ecchymosis, hematoma, fever, infection, etc.

3) Auxiliary inspection points:

Blood routine: the main manifestation is the decrease of whole blood cells (red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets). If only red blood cells decrease, it is pure red blood cell aplastic anemia. Aplastic anemia is characterized by positive pigment cell anemia.

Reticulocyte count: significantly reduced.

As far as the physical examination of civil servants is concerned, as long as it is found to be pancytopenia, it is concluded that it is unqualified, and it is generally unnecessary to make an etiological diagnosis of pancytopenia.

3.2.3 Megaloblastic Anemia

1) main points of medical history inquiry: whether there are common causes of folic acid and vitamin B12 deficiency (such as long cooking and heating time, partial eclipse, complete vegetarian diet, chronic gastrointestinal diseases, taking drugs that interfere with folic acid and vitamin B12 absorption, etc.), anemia symptoms (fatigue, dizziness, palpitation, shortness of breath, etc.) and accompanying digestive tract symptoms (such as loss of appetite, nausea, diarrhea, etc.).

2) Physical examination points: Pay attention to whether there are signs of nervous system such as pale skin and mucous membrane (same as iron deficiency anemia), atrophy or disappearance of tongue nipple, abnormal muscle strength and walking disorder.

3) Auxiliary inspection points:

Blood routine: it is characterized by large cell anemia, and white blood cells and platelets are often reduced.

If the nature of anemia cannot be determined, further tests can be selected according to local conditions, such as the determination of serum vitamin B12, folic acid and erythrocyte folic acid, so as to establish the diagnosis and conclusion.

3.2.4 Bone marrow disease anemia

1) Key points of medical history inquiry: whether there is a history of primary diseases (acute and chronic leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, malignant histiocytosis and metastatic cancer, etc.) causing myelopathic anemia, and whether there is a history of bone pain and fracture.

2) Physical examination points: Pay attention to anemia, hepatosplenomegaly and related signs of primary diseases.

3) Key points of auxiliary examination: Routine blood examination showed normal cellular anemia.

For anemia, bone pain with unexplained hepatosplenomegaly and other suspicious cases, consultation can be organized or done if necessary.

Step-by-step examination, such as whether there is bone destruction on bone X-ray film, whether there are tumor cells on bone marrow film, and whether there is hemogram of young erythrocytes, etc., to make a clear diagnosis.

3.2.5 Hemolytic anemia

1) Key points of medical history inquiry: intravascular hemolysis is acute, mostly serious, and rare in physical examination; If the disease is found in physical examination, it is mostly caused by chronic extravascular hemolysis, and the onset time of pallor and fatigue should be asked. Congenital patients often have the disease since childhood, and acquired patients should be asked if they have blood transfusion, taking special drugs or food and related primary diseases.

2) Physical examination points: Pay attention to signs such as pale skin and mucosa, increased heart rate, yellow sclera, hepatosplenomegaly, etc.

3) Auxiliary inspection points:

Blood routine: normal cellular anemia.

Reticulocyte count: more elevated.

Generally, anemia can be diagnosed according to the characteristics of anemia and jaundice, splenomegaly and elevated reticulocyte. Suspicious cases can be further examined, such as serum bilirubin (the characteristic of this disease is mainly indirect bilirubin increase), free hemoglobin, hemoglobinuria, hemosiderosis, etc., in order to further diagnose.

3.2.6 Polycythemia

1) Key points of medical history inquiry: whether there are chronic hypoxic diseases (such as pulmonary heart disease, congenital heart disease, severe sleep apnea syndrome, etc.), plateau living history, physiological dehydration history, etc.

2) Physical examination points: pay attention to the presence of bloody appearance such as red and purple face, signs such as splenomegaly and hypertension.

3) Key points of auxiliary examination: Hemoglobin ≥180 g/L, red blood cell count ≥6.0×1012/L, white blood cells and platelets are also increased.

3.2.7 Leukopenia and agranulocytosis

1) Key points of medical history inquiry: whether there is the cause of the disease (such as drugs, poisoning, infection, lack of some nutrients, etc.) and the history of secondary infection.

2) Key points of physical examination: The disease generally has no positive signs, and it is mainly diagnosed by medical history and blood test.

3) Key points of auxiliary examination: The white blood cell count of routine blood examination is lower than the lower limit of reference value, and red blood cells and platelets are generally normal. According to the degree of leukopenia, the diagnosis is leukopenia or agranulocytosis.

3.2.8 Neutrophilia

1) Key points of medical history inquiry: Are there any causes of neutropenia, such as acute infection, tissue necrosis, severe burns, poisoning, drug reaction, myeloproliferative diseases (chronic myeloid leukemia, polycythemia vera, primary thrombocytosis, myelofibrosis), and some malignant tumors.

2) Physical examination points: focus on checking whether there are related signs of primary diseases.

3) Key points of auxiliary examination: The diagnosis can be made when the absolute value of neutrophils in routine blood examination is more than 7.0× 109/L..

3.2.9 Malignant lymphoma

1) Key points of medical history inquiry: whether there is a history of lymphoma in the past, and those with signs of superficial lymphadenopathy should focus on the progress of lymphadenopathy and whether there are symptoms such as pain and fever.

2) Physical examination points: whether there is superficial lymphadenopathy in the whole body, and if there is, pay attention to its hardness, activity and fusion; Whether there is hepatosplenomegaly.

3) Auxiliary inspection points:

Blood routine: anemia and increased number of lymphocytes may occur.

Chest x-ray: the mediastinal shadow is widened and hilar lymph nodes are enlarged.

Abdominal B-ultrasound: In addition to hepatosplenomegaly, retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy can be seen.

If lymph node enlargement is the main manifestation, lymph node biopsy can be taken if necessary to further confirm the diagnosis.

3.2.10 Multiple myeloma

1) Key points of medical history inquiry: The clinical manifestations of multiple myeloma are varied, and the early manifestations are mainly bone pain and easy fracture, so attention should be paid to medical history inquiry.

2) Key points of physical examination: The signs of this disease are generally not obvious, sometimes anemia can be seen, and the diagnosis mainly depends on medical history and targeted auxiliary examination.

3) Auxiliary examination points: For suspicious cases such as bone pain or pathological fracture, anemia, recurrent fever, etc., consultation or further examination can be organized when necessary, and diagnosis can be made according to whether bone X-ray film has osteolysis and bone destruction, whether bone marrow film has abnormal plasma cell increase, whether urine protein is positive, and whether plasma protein electrophoresis has M component.

3.2.11 Hypersplenism

1) Key points of medical history inquiry: Have you ever had a history of chronic hepatitis, schistosomiasis and other diseases, and pay attention to finding clues about the primary diseases.

2) Key points of physical examination: The physical examination shows splenomegaly and related signs of primary diseases.

3) Auxiliary inspection points:

Blood routine: pancytopenia or leukopenia and thrombocytopenia.

Abdominal B-ultrasound showed splenomegaly.

Generally, the diagnosis can be made according to the characteristics of blood examination, B-ultrasound examination and comprehensive judgment of the primary disease.

3.2.12 Thrombocytopenia

1) Key points of medical history inquiry: Do you have a history of recurrent skin and mucous membrane bleeding (such as nosebleed or gingival bleeding)?

2) Physical examination points: Pay attention to the nature and location of bleeding, whether there are purpura, bleeding spots on gums, bloody blisters on oral mucosa, and whether there are swelling of liver, spleen and lymph nodes.

3) Key points of auxiliary examination: When the platelet count of routine blood examination is lower than the lower limit of reference value, diagnosis can be made.

3.2.13 Thrombocytopenic Purpura

1) Key points of medical history inquiry: Do you have a history of repeated skin and mucous membrane bleeding, such as nosebleed or gingival bleeding, and do you have a family history of bleeding?

2) Physical examination points: Pay attention to whether there are purpura, bleeding spots on gums, bloody blisters on oral mucosa, and swelling of liver, spleen and lymph nodes.

3) Key points of auxiliary examination: The platelet count of routine blood examination is lower than the lower limit of reference value.

It can be diagnosed if there are bleeding symptoms accompanied by thrombocytopenia.

3.2.14 Allergic Purpura

1) Key points of medical history inquiry: whether there is spontaneous skin purpura, especially recurrent skin purpura in both lower limbs, and whether the treatment of purpura can spontaneously subside; Whether there are other types of purpura related symptoms such as abdominal pain, joint pain, hematuria, etc.

2) Key points of physical examination: Purpura simplex is only manifested in the skin. Purpura is characterized by being distributed in limbs and buttocks, mostly in the extended side, mostly symmetrical, and rashes appear in batches, which can be higher than the skin with itching; Other types of purpura may show corresponding signs before or after the occurrence of cutaneous purpura. For example, abdominal purpura may have tenderness around the abdomen, joint purpura may show joint redness, tenderness and dysfunction, and renal purpura may have edema and increased blood pressure. Combined with the characteristics of purpura, it is generally easy to diagnose.

3) Auxiliary inspection points:

Blood routine: Platelet count is normal.

Urine routine: Nephrotic purpura can have microscopic hematuria and positive urine protein.

3.2.15 Hemophilia

1) Key points of medical history inquiry: whether there is a family history, whether there is a history of spontaneous bleeding of skin and mucosa or bleeding after minor injuries, or a history of menorrhagia, trauma or abnormal bleeding during surgery, etc.

2) Physical examination points: There may be signs such as joint swelling and tenderness during the attack.

3) Key points of auxiliary examination: The diagnosis of this disease is mainly based on the medical history. If necessary, the diagnosis can be further made by hematological examination such as coagulation time and partial thromboplastin time.

3.2.16 Leukemia

1) Key points of medical history inquiry: whether there are related symptoms such as fever, bleeding and anemia.

2) Physical examination points: check whether there are bleeding spots and ecchymosis on the skin and mucosa, whether there is anemia, and whether there are signs such as liver, spleen, lymph node enlargement and sternal tenderness.

3) Key points of auxiliary examination: the total number of white blood cells can be increased by routine blood examination, and white blood cells at various stages can be seen by classification; Most of them are normal cell anemia.

Suspicious cases should be consulted by hematology department in time, and bone marrow examination should be made if necessary to make a clear diagnosis.

3.3 Precautions

3.3.1 There are many kinds of hematological diseases, and their clinical manifestations are varied. In the physical examination, we should ask and record the medical history in detail as far as possible (I should truthfully reflect it) in order to find clues about the primary diseases; Physical examination should be serious and comprehensive to avoid missing important signs; In addition to routine blood tests, auxiliary laboratory tests can be added when necessary. It is necessary to comprehensively analyze the results of medical history inquiry, physical examination and auxiliary examination to avoid missed diagnosis as much as possible.

3.3.2 Hematological diseases are mostly systemic and refractory diseases, which have serious effects on health, so they are all treated as unqualified in principle. However, some hematological diseases, whose causes are clear (such as virus infection, drug reaction, inflammation, etc.) and easy to correct, have little impact on health (such as only causing transient slight decrease or increase of platelets or leukocytes, mild iron deficiency anemia, etc.), can quickly return to normal after eliminating the causes and can be treated as qualified.

3.3.3 The etiology of hematological diseases is complex, some of which are difficult to be clear in physical examination, and the purpose of physical examination is not to find a treatment for the cause, so we should pay attention to the diagnosis of the disease and make a conclusion on whether it is qualified or not. In addition to anemia, it is not necessary to go into the etiological diagnosis and disease name diagnosis of other blood diseases, such as thrombocytopenia and purpura, and make unqualified conclusions on this basis, without making the diagnosis of thrombocytopenia and purpura.