On Tuesday (April 2), Eastern Time, the second quarter of the US stock market seemed to have a bad start. The three major indexes of the US stock market fell across the board overnight. They all fell more than 1% in intraday trading, and the Dow fell nearly 400 points to a two-week low, the biggest daily decline in four weeks with S&P. The expectation of interest rate cuts in the first half of the year was frustrated, and the yield of US bonds rose again, which suppressed the market to some extent. However, the performance of gold is still strong and continues to refresh.

　　At the close, the S&P 500 index fell 0.72% to 5205.81 points; The Dow Jones index fell 1.00% to 39,170.24 points; The Nasdaq index fell 0.95% to 16,240.45.

　　In terms of US bond yield, the 10-year US bond yield once rushed above 4.4% to close at 4.36%, and the 2-year US bond yield, which is most sensitive to the Fed’s policy interest rate, closed at 4.70%.

　　Since Powell reiterated last week that he was in no hurry to cut interest rates, the market sentiment has not been high. And overnight, internal officials of the Federal Reserve once again consolidated this statement, and market sentiment was once again hit.

　　San Francisco Fed President Daley said that three interest rate cuts this year are a baseline forecast and can be increased or decreased if necessary. The former "big hawk" and Cleveland Fed President Meister also expect to cut interest rates three times this year, and it is not excluded to cut interest rates in June, and the reasons for cutting interest rates in May are insufficient; Both warned of the risk of cutting interest rates prematurely.

　　It is worth noting that the economic data of the United States even triggered speculation about whether the Fed will cut interest rates three times this year. The data released on Tuesday showed that the number of job vacancies in the United States has not changed much compared with the previous value, or it indicates that the labor demand is still stable at a high level in the high interest rate environment.

　　LPL Financial analysts pointed out that although the Fed does expect to cut interest rates sometime this year, the argument that interest rates will be higher for a longer period of time is playing a role again, so this worries the market. He also explained from another angle why the market will pull back. A healthy market really needs to pull back. The current trend is not necessarily a bad thing. The S&P 500 index has still risen by about 9% so far this year. Therefore, the market outlook still needs to keep a close eye on the US economic data.

　　On the enterprise side, Tesla released the latest car delivery data, which was not as good as the market expectation. The share price fell by 4.9% overnight, and it has fallen by nearly one-third during the year, and its market value has been erased by 260 billion US dollars. The data shows that Tesla’s delivery volume in the first quarter decreased by 8.5% year-on-year to about 386,800 vehicles, which was far lower than the analyst’s previous average expectation of 449,080 vehicles, which was the biggest worse than expected in history. During the same period, about 433,400 vehicles were produced, which was also lower than expected.

　　This is also the first time that Tesla has fallen below the 400,000-vehicle mark since the third quarter of 2022, a decrease of over 8.5% compared with the delivery of 422,875 vehicles in the first quarter of last year, recording the first year-on-year decline since the second quarter of 2020.

　　In the first quarter, Tesla faced a double blow of reduced demand for electric vehicles and high interest rates. Analysts had previously lowered their expectations for Tesla’s delivery. Some analysts pointed out that Tesla would experience the first year-on-year sales decline since the early days of the epidemic.

　　In addition, Tesla also faced many obstacles in the first quarter, such as the interruption of the supply of spare parts in the Red Sea caused by the attack of Houthi militia and the temporary suspension of production in the German factory. Although the next generation model is the key to growth, the production of this model is not expected to start until late next year, which means that the company may face the risk of slowing down growth before this.

　　[Hot stocks]

　　Among the popular US stocks, Microsoft fell by 0.74%, Google A by 0.60%, NVIDIA by 1.01%, Amazon by 0.16%, Apple by 0.70%, Meta by 1.23%, AMD by 2.53%, Arm Holdings by 2.07% and Netflix by 0.02%.

　　Due to the delivery of Q1 far less than expected, Tesla fell by 4.9%, and has fallen by nearly one-third during the year.

　　Global stock index

　　In the European stock market, the FTSE 100 index in Britain fell slightly by 0.22% to 7935 points. The French CAC40 index fell slightly by 0.92% to 8130 points. Germany’s DAX index fell 1.13% to 18,283 points.

　　In Asian stock markets, the Hang Seng Index rose 2.36% to 16,932 points. The index of state-owned enterprises rose 2.58% to 5961 points. The Nikkei 225 index fell 0.73% to 39,625 points.

　　[China Stock Market]

　　Nasdaq China Jinlong Index closed up 0.32%. In terms of popular Chinese stocks, Pinduoduo fell by 0.77%, TSMC by 0.88%, Weilai by 2.16%, Xpeng Motors by 2.26%, Alibaba by 0.61%, Baidu by 0.08% and Netease by 1.88%.

　　[foreign exchange commodities]

　　The US dollar index rose first and then fell, once standing above the 105 mark in intraday trading, and once fell to an intraday low of 104.67 during the US session, then rebounded and finally closed down by 0.19% to 104.81.

　　Gold futures for June delivery in the New York Mercantile Exchange closed up 1.09% at $2,281.80 an ounce, a record closing high, having risen to $2,297.70 an ounce in intraday trading. May silver futures closed up 3.39% at $25.923 an ounce.

　　Geopolitical risks have enhanced the attractiveness of gold, while traders have avoided the shadow cast by the strong economic data of the United States on the prospect of the Fed raising interest rates.

　　Oil prices continue to rise due to supply concerns. WTI crude oil rushed above $85 in intraday trading, rising more than 2% in the day, and continued to hit a new high since October last year, finally closing up 1.76% to $85.47/barrel; Brent crude oil also hit a new high since October last year, and finally closed up 2.12% to $89.27/barrel.

　　[Highlights]

　　The Fed reiterated that it is not in a hurry to cut interest rates, but it is still possible to start in June?

　　San Francisco Fed President Daley said that three interest rate cuts this year are a baseline forecast and can be increased or decreased if necessary. Regardless of changing the inflation target, the continuous rise in oil prices will become a problem; The former "Great Hawk" and Cleveland Fed President Meister also expect to cut interest rates three times this year, and it is not excluded to cut interest rates in June, and the reasons for cutting interest rates in May are insufficient; Both warned of the risk of cutting interest rates prematurely.

　　Job vacancies in the United States in February were slightly higher than expected

　　The voluntary turnover rate is the lowest since 2020, and the number of layoffs is the highest in nearly a year. The number of JOLTS vacancies in the United States in February was 8.756 million, slightly better than expected, and the value was revised down to 8.748 million before January. The voluntary turnover rate in February was 2.2%, the lowest level since 2020. Due to the increase in layoffs in the leisure and hotel industries, the number of layoffs has risen to the highest level in the past year.

　　Tesla’s quarterly delivery dropped for the first time in nearly four years, and its market value has evaporated by $260 billion in the year.

　　On Tuesday, Tesla Corporation, an American electric vehicle manufacturer, released a report on automobile production and delivery in the first quarter of 2024. According to the specific data, Tesla delivered a total of 386,810 vehicles in the first three months of this year, far below the analyst’s previous average expectation of 449,080 vehicles, which was the biggest worse than expected. This is also the first time that the company has fallen below the 400,000-vehicle mark since the third quarter of 2022, which is over 8.5% lower than the delivery of 422,875 vehicles in the first quarter of last year, recording the first year-on-year decline since the second quarter of 2020.

　　Intel’s report shows that the loss of its foundry business expanded in 2023.

　　In a document submitted by Intel on Tuesday, Intel said that the sales of its new manufacturing division, Intel Foundry, in 2023 were $18.9 billion, down from $27.5 billion in the previous year, and the operating loss increased from $5.2 billion in 2022 to $7 billion. It is estimated that the loss will reach its peak in 2024 and will be realized at the operational level "in the middle of now to the end of 2030". Intel shares fell more than 2% after the report was released. Intel’s entry into outsourcing chip production is one of the biggest transformations in the company’s history. CEO Pat Gelsinge’s recovery plan also includes restoring the company’s once impeccable technological advantage, which the chip giant lost in the years before he took office in 2021.

　　A major breakthrough in AI pharmaceutical! Stanford SyntheMol model develops new antibiotics

　　According to a report by Stanford Medical College on March 28th, researchers from Stanford Medical College and McMaster University have made important progress in this field. They have developed an AI model called SyntheMol, which can synthesize drugs and create formulas for chemists in the laboratory.

　　The model creatively designed six new drugs for drug-resistant bacterial strain Acinetobacter baumannii, which is one of the main pathogens causing antibiotic resistance-related deaths. The model not only created a new drug structure, but also provided a detailed formula for chemical synthesis, enabling chemists to synthesize these drugs in the laboratory.

　　Abbott’s heart valve repair system has been approved by FDA to provide patients with new treatment options.

　　On Tuesday, US medical and health company Abbott announced that its heart valve repair system has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which is suitable for patients with potentially fatal heart disease. Abbott’s minimally invasive transcatheter TriClip repair system aims to treat tricuspid regurgitation (TR), which is a disease in which the valve between the right ventricle and the right atrium of the heart cannot be closed normally, resulting in blood reflux. Abbott has incorporated TriClip into its so-called "Fab 5" () equipment portfolio, which is expected to promote the company’s sales growth in the next few years, representing Abbott’s technological innovation and market leadership in their respective fields.

　　[financial calendar]

September 21, 2011, my hometown in Feicheng, Shandong. According to the custom in the village, on the third day after marriage, Wang Zhibao took Han Ping to the grave, saying that he wanted his new wife to visit his ancestors.

On March 15th, 2013, Wang Zhibao’s mother was hospitalized due to illness in Feicheng Hospital, Shandong Province. Hearing that his mother was unwell, Wang Zhibao hurried back by coach.

February 9, 2013, my hometown in Feicheng, Shandong. On New Year’s Eve, Wang Zhibao had a New Year’s Eve dinner with relatives and friends, while his wife looked after the crying children.

On December 18, 2015, Jinan, Shandong Province, had to go to work during the day, and Wang Zhibao and his wife followed the intermediary to see the second-hand house at night. There is no light in the top building facing the street, so they have to use their mobile phones for lighting.

　　Photographer Liu Lei recorded the life of rural youth Wang Zhibao and his wife Han Ping for seven years in this 10-square-meter rental house in a village in Jinan. From marriage, having children to their daughter’s going to school, they travel between their hometown and the city, with meager income and light sorrow … …

　　In 1986, Wang Zhibao was born in panzhuang, Feicheng City, Tai ‘an City, Shandong Province. Like other children of similar age in the village, he spent his childhood in the dirt. The experience of helping adults do farm work filled his primary school memory. He became familiar with the agricultural knowledge handed down by his ancestors and knew when to plant and when to harvest.

　　The knowledge in books is more difficult to learn than farm work, and Wang Zhibao’s academic performance is always bad. In his own words, the academic performance at that time belonged to the level of "idiot", and the teachers were too lazy to take care of him. But he is optimistic about this — — There are several other "idiots" in the same village: Er Dan in the south of the village, Yandong &hellip in the west of the village; … They naturally became good friends. Although more than ten years have passed, he can still quickly and accurately list the "idiot" students who were connected with the same life at any time, and these students, like his current state, are doing some temporary work in a city and running between the city and the countryside.

　　Wang Zhibao said that people who have never studied in their ancestors for generations seem to need genetic inheritance to read good books. Moreover, the older generation in the village always warned the younger generation that there would be no great promise in farming. Before the second day of junior high school, Wang Zhibao left the village, went to the county to be an apprentice, and began to work.

　　The hardened asphalt road in the county is smoother than the dirt road in the village. Wang Zhibao, who came to the city, felt relieved. Away from my mother’s nagging, I seem to be an independent and mature man in an instant.

　　Later, 17-year-old Wang Zhibao came to Jinan, the provincial capital. He worked as a cable worker, cleaner, hotel room cleaner and chess room attendant. At the age of 22, Wang Zhibao entered the stone renovation industry to do odd jobs, which continues to this day. Wages rose from 70 yuan at that time to 150 yuan now, and sometimes you can earn 200 yuan one lucky day, but you have to wait for the foreman’s phone call to recruit.

　　After some ignorant and failed contacts, he met his wife Han Ping through a friend’s introduction. She came to work in Jinan from Heze rural area with a low education level, but she has a good personality, which can tolerate Wang Zhibao’s natural rebellious temper and does not dislike his meager income. Wang Zhibao also feels that Han Ping is "the kind of person who lives a down-to-earth life". At the end of 2005, Han Ping moved into a 10-square-meter hut he rented near Xishilihe Street in Jinan.

　　In 2011, Wang Zhibao married Han Ping back to his hometown of Feicheng panzhuang. Han Ping was four months pregnant when she stood at the wedding scene in a wedding dress. In order to make up enough months for the unit to pay medical insurance for itself, Han Ping insisted on going to work normally in the shopping mall with a big belly. Wang Zhibao said that this can get maternity leave wages, plus maternity insurance can earn a lot of money.

　　The cost of Jinan hospital is large, and the cost of caesarean section alone is more than 8 thousand yuan, as well as nutrition and other expenses. It’s far from home. If relatives come to take care of Han Ping, their food, drink and accommodation will be another expense, so Wang Zhibao took his wife to his hometown hospital with relatively poor conditions to give birth.

　　In 2012, my daughter fell to the ground. The fortune teller said that his daughter, LMNT, had little soil. After calling many people for advice, he added the word "Yu" to her name.

　　Wang Zhibao’s family of three has rented a 10-square-meter cabin in the village of Jinan, and the house price in the nearby community doubled in 2017 compared with that in 2013. Wang Zhibao had the idea of buying a second-hand house. At the end of 2015, at the instigation of his younger brother, he took a fancy to a street-facing old-top building with an area of 40 square meters and a selling price of 280,000 yuan. After calculation, they still feel that they can’t stand the pressure of paying a down payment of 80,000 yuan and a monthly loan of more than 1,000 yuan, and finally give up. But in just one year, the price of the same type of house has risen to about 400,000 yuan.

　　Without their own house, there is no shortage of happiness in the life of a family of three. The small home is full of her daughter’s snacks and toys, with her paintings and awards on the walls, and photos of a family of three. The aisle at the door was neatly covered with Han Ping’s laundry. On weekends, Wang Zhibao will take his wife and daughter to the park to play. Seeing his daughter running with other children, he wanted to lie on the lawn and have a good sleep.

　　Wang Zhibao said that he likes the freedom and vastness of the city, but his mother who is alone in his hometown is deeply concerned. My father died 10 years ago, and my 70-year-old mother is in poor health, but it is difficult to adapt to the life in the city. He and his younger brother, who also work in Jinan, had to take turns to visit.

　　The villagers said that their family is a real person. Wang Zhibao looks forward to working in the city every day, and works sincerely. Even if his income is meager, his worries drift lightly, and he turns back and forth between his hometown and rented house, year after year. Their daughter will go to primary school next year. According to Jinan’s policy, migrant children must meet the condition that both parents pay social security for one year. There is nothing wrong with Han Ping’s social security. However, Wang Zhibao worked in Jinan for 15 years, but never paid social security … …

　　I don’t know how his sorrow fell this time.

　　"Low carbon" is one of the hottest words at the two sessions this year. CPPCC members’ proposals are piled up with "low carbon", and NPC deputies discuss "low carbon" hotly, and group discussions are also inseparable from the topic of "low carbon". "Low carbon" has become the "new favorite" that people pay attention to for a time. So, what is "low carbon" and what does agriculture and rural areas do in developing low carbon? The insights of the deputies explain the "low carbon" of agricultural and rural development from different angles.

　　The meaning of the transformation of agricultural development mode

　　"Low-carbon agriculture is first of all an idea and a development direction of agricultural transformation development mode. The essence of the low-carbon concept is to save energy. " Shang Xunwu, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and deputy director of Gansu Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Department, said.

　　Zhang Quanguo, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and dean of the School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering of Henan Agricultural University, further explained low-carbon agriculture. He said: "Agriculture, as the basic industry of the national economy, is one of the main sources of greenhouse gases, and it is also increasingly affected by the greenhouse effect. How to formulate low-carbon agricultural development policies and reduce carbon emissions in agricultural production has increasingly become the focus of attention from all walks of life and one of the key areas to be considered in regional economic development. It is imperative to change the agricultural production mode as soon as possible and develop low-carbon and high-efficiency agriculture. "

　　At present, in China’s agricultural production mode, some production habits do not meet the requirements of low carbon, which is neither economical nor polluting the environment. Taking fertilization as an example, Meng Tieying, deputy stationmaster of soil and fertilizer station in Xincheng County, Guangxi Province, said that because there is a lot of local rain, heavy rain usually causes farmland to be flooded. Traditional fertilization methods make the loss of fertilizer very serious, which not only increases the cost, but also pollutes the environment. Farmers urgently need a fertilizer that can control the release rate. Data show that the low utilization rate of chemical fertilizers in China is the main reason for environmental pollution caused by chemical fertilizers. In addition to crop absorption and utilization and soil residue, more than 50% of nitrogen is not absorbed by crops and lost to farmland, which has caused a series of environmental and food safety problems, such as eutrophication of water, soil hardening, greenhouse effect and degradation of agricultural products quality.

　　Zhang put forward a proposal to develop low-carbon agriculture. He believed that it is necessary to cultivate the management concept of low-carbon agriculture, vigorously promote the innovation of agricultural production system, implement the management assessment responsibility system for energy saving and emission reduction in agriculture-related production, and gradually develop and improve agricultural energy efficiency standards from the height of national laws and regulations. He also proposed that we should pay attention to the research on low-carbon agriculture, including the integrated application research of carbon emission reduction and carbon sink expansion technologies such as energy, environment, building structure, water supply and drainage, and green space.

　　Science and technology support low carbonization of agricultural production

　　Shang Xunwu said that there are many articles that can be done to develop modern agriculture and realize the development of agriculture from extensive to refined. It can be said that in the agricultural field, it is very feasible to achieve low carbon.

　　He said that many aspects of agriculture can consider how to achieve low carbon. For example, he said that from the perspective of agricultural inputs, such as water resources, agriculture consumes a lot of water, but now the way of using water is unreasonable, causing great waste. Water is used for irrigation, but also consumes electricity. If water is saved, irrigation energy is saved, and it is low-carbon.

　　Zhang Quanguo gave a concept of low-carbon agriculture. "Low-carbon agriculture is a modern agricultural development model. Through various means such as technological innovation, institutional innovation, industrial transformation, and new energy development and utilization, energy consumption and carbon emissions are reduced as much as possible to achieve a win-win situation for agricultural production development and ecological environment protection." He further explained that low-carbon agriculture is the further development of eco-agriculture and green agriculture, which not only advocates less use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides and efficient agricultural production like eco-agriculture, but also pays more attention to the reduction of overall agricultural energy consumption and carbon emissions in the process of planting, transportation and processing, when the use of energy such as electricity, oil and gas is increasing.

　　Shang Xunwu gave his own suggestions on how to promote low-carbon agriculture. First, strengthen the role of technology and promote low-carbon technology in agriculture. The second is the innovation of production mode. For example, intensive production, through cooperatives and professional associations to promote centralized production and management, improve efficiency.

　　Zhang Quanguo also holds the same view: supporting the sustainable development of agriculture by improving the technical content of low-carbon agriculture.

　　Taking the scientific and technological development of fertilizer research and development as an example, China has supported the low-carbon fertilization in fertilizer technology research and development. Liu Jianwen, a representative from Agricultural Economics Center of Agriculture Bureau of Linshu County, Shandong Province, said that in recent years, fertilizer enterprises in Linshu have achieved remarkable results in research and development, production and popularization of slow-release fertilizers in low carbon. For example, he said that hundreds of slow-release fertilizer products developed and promoted by Jin Zhengda Group, the largest production base of slow-release fertilizers in Asia, are suitable for field crops in China. Xu Weigang, deputy director of Wheat Research Center of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, summed up the advantages of slow-release fertilizers in low carbon: slow-release fertilizers can control nutrient release according to crop nutrient demand, which changes the shortcomings that fertilizers can not meet the different demands of crops at different growth stages because of rapid dissolution and nutrient loss, and can greatly improve the utilization rate of fertilizers, protect the environment, save energy, simplify crop production technology and help farmers reduce costs and increase income.

　　For supporting the development of low-carbon agriculture with science and technology, Zhang put forward more specific suggestions. He suggested: First, improve the low-carbon agricultural infrastructure in the core grain producing areas. Intensify integration, focusing on the construction of modern facility agriculture demonstration parks, ecological animal husbandry, grain (leafy vegetables) functional areas and other projects to lay a good foundation for accelerating the development of modern agriculture. Second, strengthen the cultivation of excellent varieties adapted to low-carbon environment. At the same time, we should vigorously promote the innovation of farming system and promote a number of development models such as stable grain and high efficiency, farming-pastoral cycle, and paddy-upland rotation. Third, greatly reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and reduce the carbon content in agricultural development. Such as using manure, compost or organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer, and increasing soil nutrients through returning straw to the field.

　　The era of low-carbon rural life is coming.

　　Low-carbon mode not only has great achievements in agricultural production, but also the conditions for developing low-carbon in rural areas are ripe. Zhang Quanguo said that to develop low-carbon agriculture, it is necessary to develop new energy sources in rural areas and realize the diversification of rural energy consumption structure. Such as comprehensive utilization of straw, livestock manure, solar energy and other renewable energy resources to meet the needs of rural domestic cooking energy, rural domestic electricity and domestic hot water.

　　Twenty years ago, Tengtou Village, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, which wrote environmental protection into the villagers’ convention and established the only village-level environmental resources protection committee at that time, was the forerunner of rural low-carbon. Fu Qiping, the general secretary of the village party branch, said that building a "low-carbon" ecological village was the golden key to rural development. "To develop a’ low-carbon’ economy and achieve harmony between man and the natural environment, rural areas should also shoulder the burden." Fu Qiping believes that the future "low-carbon" life is a high-quality, healthy and civilized lifestyle.

　　"A large number of solar cookers in the western rural areas will greatly reduce greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide produced by burning firewood (grass, wood), gas and coal." Ren Qixing, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and deputy director of the Population, Resources and Environment Committee, said. He said that the western region of China has a long sunshine time and relatively rich solar energy resources, which is most suitable for popularizing solar cookers in large quantities. Ren Qixing suggested establishing financial support policies and giving appropriate financial subsidies to the purchase of solar cookers in rural areas. At the same time, vigorously support solar cooker manufacturers, give tax incentives, and help enterprises improve output, quality and scientific and technological content to meet the needs of promoting the use of solar cookers in rural areas.

　　Coincidently with Ren Qixing, Hao Yuan, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, vice governor of Gansu Province and chairman of the Provincial Federation of Industry and Commerce, is also very concerned about the utilization of solar energy. He put forward the Proposal of Implementing the Solar Energy "South Wall Plan" at the two sessions. Its core idea is to use the south facade of the building facing the sun, including the heat collection wall, air collector and additional sunshine room on the south facade, to convert the collected solar radiation energy into heat energy as much as possible, and then transfer it to the room to achieve the purpose of heating and warming.

　　In order to promote a lower-carbon lifestyle in rural areas, Zhang also suggested that the development and application of biogas technology should be widely promoted, and at the same time, the agricultural and sideline residues should be fully utilized to improve the low-carbon utilization of straw. He said that China’s annual crop straw output is about 700 million tons, half of which can be used as energy, equivalent to 150 million tons of standard coal. He suggested focusing on the research and development of "trinity" complete technology and equipment for low-carbon utilization of straw. The core grain producing areas such as Henan Province are selected to carry out innovative research and demonstration application of low-carbon agricultural renewable energy and energy-saving engineering technology integration.

Yu Xueyuan reminds

A new batch of influenza vaccine

Appointment vaccination has been opened.

Hurry up before the flu peak comes.

Arrange it for the children!

(Bao, it’s time for an injection)

Recently, a new batch (2023~2024 batches) of influenza vaccine has arrived in various places one after another, and it can be vaccinated by appointment.

On September 5th, China CDC suggested in the latest Technical Guide for Influenza Vaccination in China (2023-2024):

All people who are over 6 months old and have no contraindications should be vaccinated against influenza.

The CDC believes that

"This winter and next spring, you may face the risk of interaction or co-epidemic of respiratory infectious diseases such as COVID-19 and influenza."

In this situation, it is obviously necessary to vaccinate against influenza.

Is it too early to get a flu shot? How old can the child be vaccinated? How to choose several types of vaccines? ……There are still many concerns about the flu vaccine.

The following small series has compiled 9 frequently asked questions. Parents who are concerned about influenza vaccine should not miss today’s content ~

(Note: The new vaccination guide involves some updates and adjustments, and the following contents will also be popularized according to the new guide, so you may find that some information is different from what you have learned before, so it is recommended to take the new guide as the reference standard ~)

01

The flu vaccine is in place

Call now, is it early?

Say the answer first, not early, and just right.

Research data show that the epidemic season of influenza in winter and spring in China is usually from the middle and late October to the middle and early March of the following year.

After vaccination, the immune effect will not reach its peak until one month later.

According to the new guidelines: "The antibody protection level can be maintained for at least 6 months after influenza vaccination."

Vaccination now can just cover the upcoming peak of influenza in autumn and winter and the flu season in early spring next year.

When the flu peak comes, the antibody is just at the peak level, which can play a better protective effect.

02

The most important thing to vaccinate.

Who are they?

The new guidelines give priority to the timely vaccination of key and high-risk groups, including:

· Medical personnel, including clinical rescue personnel, public health personnel, health quarantine personnel, etc.;

·Older people aged 60 and over;

· People suffering from one or more chronic diseases;

· Vulnerable people and employees in old-age care institutions, long-term care institutions, welfare homes and other crowd gathering places;

· Pregnant women;

·Children aged 6-59 months (about 5 years old);

· Family members and caregivers of infants under 6 months old;

· People in key places such as kindergartens, primary and secondary schools, and supervision places.

Influenza vaccines are self-funded vaccines, but some areas have some free policies. Take Beijing as an example:

People over the age of 60, students in primary and secondary schools and emergency support personnel for major events can be vaccinated free of charge.

You can pay attention to the vaccination policy in your area.

03

What are the types of influenza vaccine?

How many shots? How to fight?

At present, there are trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV3), tetravalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV4) and trivalent live attenuated vaccine (LAIV3) approved for marketing in China, which are produced and supplied by different manufacturers.

In order to facilitate understanding, you can look at this table for specific vaccine types and applicable populations:

(Adults and children can refer to this table.)

Babies under the age of 6 months are also indirectly protected through the vaccination of their mothers during pregnancy and the vaccination of their caregivers and family members against influenza.

In order to gain sustained immunity,It is recommended that children be vaccinated against influenza once a year.Because the influenza virus is easy to mutate, the composition of the vaccine will be adjusted every year according to the prevalent strains of the year.

04

3 or 4, which is better?

Trivalent influenza vaccine can prevent influenza caused by influenza A (H1N1), H3N2 and Victoria B virus, while tetravalent influenza vaccine can alsoPrevent one more Yamagata virus B.

Source: Network

Although the virus coverage of tetravalent vaccine is wider than that of trivalent vaccine, the transmission ability and antigenic pathogenicity of influenza B virus are not as strong as that of influenza A virus.Therefore, vaccination with trivalent influenza vaccine can also prevent influenza virus.

There is no need for everyone to miss the best vaccination time in order to wait for the fourth price. After all,It is the most important thing to get vaccinated and protected in time!

05

Injection or nasal spray, which is better?

Whether it is injection or nasal spray, there is not much difference in safety and effectiveness.

You should notice that the injected vaccine is "inactivated" and the nasal spray is "attenuated". The difference lies in:

● Injection of influenza vaccine is to inactivate the virus, so that the virus loses its pathogenic ability but retains its antigenicity.

● Nasal spray vaccine is to culture and purify the live influenza virus, so that its virulence is weakened, but it can stimulate the human body to produce antibodies without pathogenic ability.

For babies who are very afraid of injections or dizzy needles, the nasal spray inoculation method is more moderate. But there is no need to pursue it deliberately. Again, timely vaccination is the most important thing.

06

The child has got the flu

Do you still need vaccination?

Need.

If the child accidentally gets the flu and has not been vaccinated against it before, he still needs to be vaccinated again after the baby gets better.

Because of influenza A,There is no cross-protection between different types.For example, if you have had H1N1 before, you will still get sick if you are infected with H3N2 next time.

07

Influenza vaccine can be combined with other vaccines

At the same time?

There are two situations.

Inactivated influenza vaccine (injection):Can be inoculated in different parts at the same time with other inactivated or attenuated influenza vaccines.

Attenuated vaccine (nasal spray):Can not be vaccinated with another attenuated vaccine at the same time, at least 4 weeks between them.

Can it be vaccinated at the same time as COVID-19 vaccine?

Over the age of 18, you can get inactivated influenza vaccine and COVID-19 vaccine at the same time;

Under the age of 18, it is recommended that the vaccination interval be greater than 14 days.

08

Taboos for influenza vaccination

Can egg allergy be vaccinated after all?

Egg allergy can be vaccinated against influenza.

People’s Republic of China (PRC) Pharmacopoeia (2010 edition, 2015 edition and 2020 edition) does not take people who are allergic to eggs as a taboo for vaccination.

The real vaccination taboos are the following!

You can’t get any flu vaccine.

(1) Those who are allergic to any ingredients contained in the vaccine (including auxiliary materials, formaldehyde, cracking agents and antibiotics) or have a history of severe allergic reaction to any kind of influenza vaccination.

(2) Patients suffering from acute diseases, severe chronic diseases or acute attacks of chronic diseases and fever are advised to be vaccinated after recovery or stable control.

(3) Guillain-Barre syndrome occurred within 6 weeks after previous influenza vaccination, which needs to be evaluated by a doctor.

Can’t be vaccinated with nasal spray attenuated influenza vaccine.

(1) Persons with low immune function due to drug use, HIV infection and other reasons.

(2) Children and adolescents treated with drugs containing aspirin or salicylic acid for a long time.

(3) Children with asthma aged 2-4 years.

(4) Have a history of Guillain-Barre syndrome.

(5) antiviral drugs such as oseltamivir and zanamivir were used 48 hours before inoculation, or palamivir was used 5 days before inoculation, or balosha was used 17 days before inoculation.

(6) In case of severe nasal congestion, it is suggested to suspend the inoculation of attenuated vaccine by nasal spray.

(7) Children with cochlear implants should avoid using nasal spray attenuated vaccine one week before and two weeks after operation.

(8) Pregnant women

There are still many contraindications for nasal spray attenuated vaccine.ofBefore choosing to vaccinate your child, you must pay attention to the above situation.

09

After vaccination

Will you still get the flu?

Maybe.

No vaccine can prevent the disease 100%, but vaccination can reduce the risk of infection andGreatly reduce the risk of serious illness and death.

According to the research data mentioned in the new guide, when influenza and COVID-19 are co-epidemic, after vaccination,At least it can achieve more than 70% protection effect.

Therefore, if no contraindications are involved, it is recommended to vaccinate in time, especially for the elderly and children.

Even if you are vaccinated against influenza, everyone should pay attention to prevention and maintain good hygiene habits.

Wash your hands frequently, ventilate frequently, go to crowded places less, wear masks when going to crowded places, and cover your nose and mouth when sneezing.

If you don’t know where to get a vaccine, you can refer to the following ways:

(1) Gaode or 114 inquires the telephone number of local hospitals, communities and epidemic prevention stations, and makes a phone call to consult about seedlings;

(2) Pay attention to WeChat official account, a local hospital, community and epidemic prevention station, and check whether there is an entrance for online seedling appointment;

（3）微信内搜索【疫苗服务预约】，选择所在城市，根据分类预约。

另外，育学园旗下北京弘和妇产医院也可约苗，在北京的朋友想了解可以拨打电话咨询??

咨询电话：(010)6549 1911

对流感疫苗还有其他问题，可以评论留言，小编会积极给大家解答~

最后，记得戳戳【在看】，和小编一起提醒大家，该！打！疫！苗！啦！

参考资料:

[1]中国疾病预防控制中心《中国流感疫苗预防接种技术指南（2023-2024）》

[2]上海疾控《流感疫苗可以安排了，给身体留出足够时间做准备》

[3]北京日报

免责声明：本文内容更新于2023年。文章仅提供一般的医疗、健康、用药、养育等方面的科普信息，不能代替任何个人的医学诊断和治疗。个人的医疗、用药问题请咨询医生。

授权转载：原创内容，欢迎转发，转载请留言。

01

这个孩子抹上脸的东西，可能导致性早熟！家里有的赶紧扔！

02

挨骂也要说，这种油别再吃了，家里有的赶紧扔！

03

扩散！这种家电每天都在释放「大量致癌物」！赶快提醒家里人

阅读原文」，下载育学园APP

Albinism is a kind of hereditary leukoplakia caused by melanin deficiency or synthesis disorder of skin and accessory organs due to tyrosinase deficiency or functional decline.

According to clinical manifestations, albinism can be divided into three categories: ocular albinism (OA), ocular skin albinism (OCA) and albinism-related syndrome, among which ocular skin albinism (OCA) is the most common and albinism-related syndrome is the rarest.

This paper mainly expounds the clinical manifestations, genetic causes and genetic counseling of OA and OCA.

Clinical manifestations of OA and OCA

Only the eye pigment in OA patients is reduced or lacking, while the eye, skin and hair in OCA patients are obviously reduced or lacking.

1, eye performance

① Iris transillumination defect (TID)-91% ~ 100% albino patients have TID.

② nystagmus

③ Fundus hypopigmentation —— It is caused by the decrease of retinal pigment epithelium and/or choroidal pigmentation, which often leads to obvious choroidal vessels in the posterior pole. It is reported that more than 94% patients with albinism have fundus hypopigmentation.

④ hypoplasia of fovea-characterized by the continuation of the inner layer of retina behind fovea and the decrease of cone photoreceptor specialization.

⑤ optic nerve abnormality

⑥ ametropia

2. Skin manifestations

The skin and hair color of albino patients may change with age.

① Skin and hair pigmentation score

Skin and hair pigmentation scores help to objectively determine the influence of hypopigmentation.

② Skin diseases

Including all albinos, regardless of skin color, the risk of ultraviolet (UV) light-related skin diseases will increase. The most important of these is skin cancer, which includes squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, melanoma and less common Merkel cell carcinoma.

Genetic causes of OA and OCA

The following table summarizes the genes known to be related to nonsyndromic OCA and OA. All nonsyndromic OCA are inherited by autosomal recessive mode. OA (always non-syndrome) is inherited in an x-linked manner.

The following table summarizes the genes known to be related to OCA syndrome:

Genetic counseling

1. Inheritance mode

Nonsyndromic ocular skin albinism (OCA) caused by pathogenic variation in TYR, OCA2, SLC45A2, SLC24A5, LRMDA (C10orf11) or DCT (TYRP1) is inherited in autosomal recessive way.

Ocular albinism (OA) caused by pathogenic variation in GPR143(OA1) is inherited by X linkage.

If an individual suffers from a specific syndrome related to OCA (such as Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome or Chediak-Higashi syndrome), genetic counseling is needed for this disease.

2. Autosomal recessive inheritance-risk to family members

Parents of the proband:

The parents of the affected children are presumed to be heterozygotes causing the pathogenic variation of OCA.

If molecular diagnosis has been established in the proband, it is suggested that the parents of the proband should be tested for molecular genes to confirm that both parents are heterozygotes causing the pathogenic variation of OCA and allow reliable recurrence risk assessment.

If the pathogenic variation is detected only in one parent, and the parental identity test has confirmed biological motherhood and parent-child relationship, one of the pathogenic variations identified in the proband may occur as a newborn event in the proband or as a zygote in the mosaic parent. If the proband seems to have homozygous pathogenic variation (that is, the same two pathogenic variations), other possibilities to be considered include:

The deletion of single exon or multiple exons in the proband was not detected by sequence analysis, which led to artificial homozygosity;

Parental chromosomes and single parent homomorphism of pathogenic variation lead to homozygosity of pathogenic variation among proband.

Heterozygotes (carriers) are asymptomatic and have no risk of developing the disease.

Siblings of the proband:

If it is known that both parents are heterozygotes of pathogenic variants that cause OCA, each sibling of the affected individual has a 25% chance of being affected at conception, a 50% chance of becoming asymptomatic carriers, and a 25% chance of inheriting any familial pathogenic variants.

Heterozygotes (carriers) are asymptomatic and have no risk of developing the disease.

Descendants of the proband:

The offspring of autosomal recessive OCA individuals are obligate heterozygotes (carriers) that cause the pathogenic variation of OCA.

Other family members:

Every brother and sister of the proband’s parents has a 50% risk of becoming the carrier of OCA’s pathogenic variation.

Carrier detection:

It is necessary to identify the pathogenic variation that causes OCA in the family in advance for carrier detection of at-risk relatives.

3. X-linked inheritance-risk to family members

Parents of male proband:

The father of the affected man will not suffer from this disease, nor will he be a hemizygote of the pathogenic variant GPR143; Therefore, he does not need further evaluation/testing.

In a family with more than one affected individual, the mother of the affected male is an obligate heterozygote. Note: If a woman has more than one affected child and no other affected relatives, and if family pathogenic variation cannot be detected in her white blood cell DNA, she is likely to have germline chimera.

If the male is the only affected family member (i.e., a simple case), the mother may be heterozygote, the affected male may have new pathogenic variation (in this case, the mother is not heterozygote), or the mother may have somatic/germline chimera.

It is suggested that the mother should be tested for molecular genes to confirm her genetic status and make a reliable recurrence risk assessment.

Brothers and sisters of male proband:

The risk of siblings depends on the mother’s genetic status:

If the proband’s mother has the pathogenic variation of GPR143, the chance of transmission in each pregnancy is 50%.

Men with genetic disease variation will be affected;

The female with genetic pathogenic variation will be heterozygote (i.e. carrier). Heterozygotes are usually unaffected, although they can show iris penetration defects, "mud splash" fundus appearance and fovea hypoplasia.

If the proband represents a simplex case and the pathogenic variation cannot be detected in the mother’s leukocyte DNA, it is assumed that the risk of sibs is low, but the risk is higher than that of the general population because of the possibility of maternal lineage mosaic.

Descendants of male proband:

The affected men spread the disease-causing mutation of GPR143 to all their daughters, but not to their sons.

Other family members:

Menstruation and maternal cousins of the male proband may be at risk of GPR143.

Note: Molecular genetic testing may be able to identify family members with new pathogenic mutations, and this information can help determine the genetic risk status of large families.

Heterozygote detection:

To identify female heterozygotes, it is necessary to identify the pathogenic variation of GPR143 in the family in advance.

Note: As carriers of this X-linked disease, women are heterozygotes, which are usually not affected, but they may show iris penetration defects, "mud splash" fundus appearance and fovea hypoplasia.

Source | Metz Medical official website

Write | ｜Anna.An

Original title: Inheritance and Manifestation of Albinism

Read the original text

　　Recently, various provinces and cities have successively disclosed the practical projects of people’s livelihood in 2025 and the provincial budget. According to statistics, up to now, more than ten provinces, including Beijing and Sichuan, have carried out or planned to carry out free vaccination programs for provincial-level female HPV vaccine.

　　According to the agency, with the successful completion of phase III clinical trials and the release of production capacity of HPV vaccine under research in China, the indications are extended to male population.ChinaThe market scale of HPV vaccine will continue to expand, and it is expected to reach 62.54 billion yuan in 2031.

　　Multi-provincial promotion

　　Since the beginning of this year, many provinces have indicated that they will launch a free vaccination program for HPV vaccine for school-age women.

　　Recently, Sichuan Province disclosed the "Report on the Implementation of the Budget in Sichuan Province in 2024 and the Draft Budget in 2025", which proposed to allocate 4.41 billion yuan for public health services. Improve the financial subsidy standard for basic public health services, support the implementation of "two cancers" free screening for school-age women, support the free vaccination of domestic bivalent HPV vaccine for eligible school-age girls, and increase support for AIDS prevention and treatment.

　　On January 26th, the General Office of the Beijing Municipal People’s Government issued the notice of "Important Livelihood Projects in Beijing in 2025", and Beijing will voluntarily vaccinate human papillomavirus vaccine for new girls in Grade One in 2025.

　　On January 10th, Tianjin Municipal Health and Health Commission formulated 16 measures to serve Tianjin Health and Health Kang Weimin in 2025, and explicitly launched the public welfare vaccination activities of reducing or exempting 450,000 doses of bivalent HPV vaccine for women aged 9-45.

　　In 2025, the work report of Yunnan provincial government put the implementation of "children’s health care and protection""Huimin Project" is listed as one of the 10 practical things to be done in 2025, and it is clearly put forward that domestic HPV vaccine should be vaccinated free of charge for eligible junior one girls in the province according to the principle of informed and voluntary.

　　In January this year, the government work report for 2025 released by Gansu Province made it clear that in 2025, we will continue to make overall arrangements for financial resources and do 10 practical things for the people, one of which is to subsidize HPV vaccination for 100,000 school-age girls on the premise of "knowing, volunteering and subsidizing".

　　In October 2024, National Health Commission held a press conference to disclose that since 2021, 11 provinces including Guangdong, Hainan, Fujian, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Chongqing, Tibet, Zhejiang, Shandong, Hubei and Guangxi, as well as Zhengzhou,Chengdu and other cities have included HPV vaccination in the government’s practical projects for the people, and provided free HPV vaccination services for school-age girls aged 13-14 in the region through financial purchase services and fixed subsidies. Up to now, the policy of free HPV vaccination has covered about 40% of school-age girls in the country.

　　Speed up research and development

　　On January 8,It was announced that a number of new indications of tetravalent human papillomavirus vaccine (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (trade name: Jiadaxiu, also known as tetravalent HPV vaccine) have been approved for marketing in National Medical Products Administration, which is suitable for male vaccination aged 9-26. This is the first HPV vaccine approved for male vaccination in China. Subsequently, many places announced the start of male HPV vaccination.

　　HPV infection is one of the most important public health problems in the world. Vaccination is the best way to prevent cervical cancer and other HPV-related cancers. Recently, in order to further respond to WHO’s Global Strategy for Accelerating the Elimination of Cervical Cancer, the International Papillomavirus Society needs to achieve the phased goal of "90-70-90" in 2030, and actively appeals to all countries to adopt a vaccination plan for both men and women as soon as possible, that is, to promote HPV vaccine equally to school-age boys and girls, so as to expand the coverage of vaccination and maximize the immune effect of the group.

　　Research and development of domestic nine-valent human papillomavirus vaccine is accelerated. A few days ago,It is said that the work of the phase III clinical study of the subsidiary Shanghai Zerun nine-valent HPV vaccine continues to advance. At present, the phase III clinical trial comparing the immunogenicity of this vaccine with similar vaccines is in the stage of data statistical analysis and writing clinical research reports. Based on the clinical development plan of nine-valent HPV vaccine products, the company is keeping close communication with National Medical Products Administration Drug Evaluation Center, and actively striving for the best strategy to promote the clinical research on protective efficacy.

　　At the end of August 2024, it was announced that the company’s nine-valent HPV vaccine marketing license application was accepted. After the application for registration of the nine-valent HPV vaccine is accepted, it still needs to go through comprehensive evaluation, on-site verification and other procedures, which will not have a significant impact on the company’s financial situation and operating performance in the short term. After being approved for listing, it will be conducive to the promotion and use of the company’s HPV vaccine, enrich the company’s product line, further enhance the company’s core competitiveness and lay a solid foundation for the company’s sustained and steady development.

　　Many domestic vaccine companies are also competing for the HPV vaccine market for male indications. In November 2024, it was revealed that the nine-valent HPV vaccine for male population was approved for clinical trials. In addition, on February 12, 2025,Ruike biologyIt was disclosed that the application for clinical trial of the new adjuvant recombinant nine-valent HPV vaccine developed by the company for male population was accepted in National Medical Products Administration.

　　It is estimated that its nine-valent HPV vaccine (female indication) will be submitted in China and Indonesia respectively in 2025.License application (BLA), nine-valent HPV vaccine (male indication) is expected to be submitted to BLA in 2027.

　　open-sourceIt is predicted that with the successful completion of the third phase clinical trial of HPV vaccine and the release of its production capacity, its indications will be extended to the male population, and the vaccination awareness of the target population will continue to increase, and the market scale of HPV vaccine in China will continue to expand, which is expected to reach 62.54 billion yuan in 2031.

Today’s "Good Morning Olympics" includes: Odor pollution in the open waters of the Tokyo Olympics? Official: The sampling and testing of water pollution have reached the first standard; Chen Meng won the women’s singles championship, and the men’s singles badminton mixed doubles locked the gold and silver cards; China women’s volleyball team lost three games in a row, and its qualifying life was on the line; The first over 10,000 cases were diagnosed in COVID-19; An earthquake of magnitude 8.2 occurred in the waters near Alaska, USA, and a tsunami warning was issued.　

Click on the phone to see the big picture-

Global focus

Odor pollution in the open waters of Tokyo Olympic Games? Official: The sampling and testing of water pollution have reached the first standard.

On July 26th, 2021, local time, athletes competed in the triathlon of Tokyo Olympic Games. On July 28th, according to many media reports, many athletes vomited after swimming in the men’s triathlon competition of Tokyo Olympic Games, so the doubts about the serious seawater pollution in the stadium revived. On the afternoon of July 29th, Beijing time, the technical representative of the triathlon in Tokyo Olympic Games made a conclusion after sampling and testing the water samples on the 26th and 27th: "The three water pollution conditions in triathlon venues all reached the first standard."

Chen Meng won the women’s table tennis singles championship, while the men’s table tennis singles and badminton mixed doubles locked gold and silver medals.

On July 29th, 2021, local time, Chen Meng (left) and Sun Yingsha shared the national flag after the competition. On the same day, in the women’s table tennis singles final of Tokyo Olympic Games, China’s Chen Meng defeated teammate Sun Yingsha 4-2 to win the championship. In the men’s singles semi-final of table tennis, China’s Fan Zhendong and teammate Malone defeated their opponents respectively and joined forces in the final. On the same day, the top seed Zheng Siwei/Huang Yaqiong beat Deng Junwen/Tse Ying Suet of Hongkong, China 2: 0, while another pair of China, Wang Yilu/Huang Dongping, reversed and defeated Japanese strong player Watanabe Yongda/Dongye Youya 2: 1, and Guoyu locked the gold and silver medals in the mixed doubles event in advance.

Zhu Ting’s wrist injury was aggravated, and the China women’s volleyball team lost to the Russian Olympic Committee women’s volleyball team for three consecutive games, and the qualifying life was on the line.

On July 29th, 2021, in Tokyo, Japan, China lost 2-3 to the Russian Olympic Committee women’s volleyball team in Group B of the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games. After losing 3-0 to Turkey and the United States in two games, facing the weaker Russian Olympic Committee women’s volleyball team, China women’s volleyball team lost 2-3 to Russian women’s volleyball team in the deciding game, and suffered a three-game losing streak in Tokyo Olympics, and its qualifying life was on the line. The wrist injury of Zhu Ting, the core attacker of China women’s volleyball team, is an important reason.

A quick tour of the world

Castillo was sworn in as President of Peru.

On July 28th, 2021, local time, Castillo (right) attended the inauguration ceremony in the Congress in Lima, Peru. Peruvian President-elect Castillo was formally sworn in in Congress on the 28th for a five-year term. Castillo, 51, as a candidate of the Free Peru Party, defeated keiko fujimori, a candidate of the People’s Power Party, in the second round of the presidential election held on June 6 this year and was elected President of Peru.

The first over 10,000 cases have been diagnosed in COVID-19, and three counties in the metropolitan area plan to issue an emergency declaration.

On July 29, 2021, local time, a staff member wearing a mask cleaned the elevator handrails in a subway station in Tokyo, Japan. According to the Japan Broadcasting Association (NHK), on the 29th, local time, the number of newly confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Japan exceeded 10,000 for the first time, the largest increase so far. At present, Tokyo is in a state of emergency declaration, and the Japanese government is exploring issuing emergency declarations to nearby Kanagawa Prefecture, saitama Prefecture and Chiba Prefecture.

Britain will allow citizens of the United States and the European Union who have been vaccinated to enter the country without isolation.

On July 29th, 2021, local time, passengers waited for the Eurostar train at St. Pancras International Railway Station in London, England. British government officials announced on the 28th that Britain will allow citizens of the United States and some European Union countries who have completed COVID-19 vaccination to enter England without isolation from August 2nd.

The Ecuadorian court revoked Assange’s nationality, and Assange’s lawyer said that he would appeal.

Assange, founder of Wikileaks (data map). On July 26, 2021, local time, a court in Ecuador ruled to revoke the Ecuadorian citizenship of Assange, the founder of Wikileaks. Assange’s lawyer in Ecuador said that he would appeal. Assange founded the Wikileaks website in 2006. In 2010, the website published a large number of secret documents of the US government about the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, which greatly damaged the diplomatic image of the United States. In June 2012, Assange entered the Ecuadorian Embassy in the UK to seek asylum. In December 2017, the then President of Ecuador, Laining Moreno, granted Assange citizenship. In April 2019, after Ecuador revoked the asylum granted to Assange, the British police announced that Assange was arrested. Assange has since served his sentence in a London prison.

Two people died in a chemical spill in Texas, USA.

This is the location of Basel Chemical Company in leander, which was shot in laporte, Texas, USA on July 27th, 2021. Leander’s Basel Chemical Company said on the 28th that it had a chemical leakage accident on the 27th, and about 100,000 pounds of acetic acid leaked, resulting in the death of two contractors and 30 workers being sent to hospital for treatment.

Forest fires in southern Turkey have killed one person and trapped 10 people.

This is a village that was damaged in a fire in Antalya, Turkey on July 29th, 2021, local time. The Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of Turkey said on the 29th that a forest fire in Antalya, a Mediterranean coastal province in southern Turkey, killed one person and trapped ten people. The Turkish authorities have ordered the evacuation of 18 villages in Antalya and 16 villages in the neighboring provinces of Adana and Mersin.

An earthquake of magnitude 8.2 occurred in the waters near Alaska, USA, and a tsunami warning was issued to evacuate residents.

On July 29, 2021, Alaska, USA, a large number of vehicles were evacuated. According to the US Geological Survey Earthquake Information Network, an earthquake of magnitude 8.2 occurred in the waters near Alaska on the evening of 28th local time. The tsunami warning department has issued a tsunami warning for the earthquake.

Masks are a thing of the past! Wearable air purifier lets you "face" the virus.

July 29, 2021 (the exact shooting time is unknown), a wearable air purifier was released a few days ago, which is considered as a high-tech product to replace masks. This futuristic respirator can be worn around the neck like a collar, disinfected by two ultraviolet "disinfection modules", which can eliminate 99% bacteria and viruses, and then blow the purified air to the wearer’s face. The device, which costs 240 pounds, eliminates the disadvantages of masks covering the face or restricting breathing, and allows the wearer to display his facial expressions normally.

Photo in this article Xinhua News Agency People’s Vision Surging Vision

With the popularization of HPV vaccine knowledge, many people want to be vaccinated with HPV vaccine. But how much do you know about HPV vaccine? What is the difference in the applicable population of HPV vaccines with different "prices"? In this regard, Chen Shouzhen, deputy director of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, summed up ten common questions and answered them to the majority of netizens.

What is HPV virus?

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a small double-stranded DNA virus, so it is called human papillomavirus because it only infects humans. There are more than 200 subtypes of HPV, which can be divided into high-risk type and low-risk type according to whether they are carcinogenic or not.

Low-risk type usually infects the skin and causes warts, commonly known as boils. Most of them can naturally subside in 3-5 years, and some may need laser, freezing and other methods to remove them.

There are about 15 HPV subtypes (HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 68, 73 and 82) that can cause malignant tumors such as cervical cancer, vaginal cancer and oropharyngeal cancer, so they are called high-risk HPV. Among them, HPV16/18 has the highest risk of cancer. About 70% of cervical cancer in the world is caused by high-risk HPV16 and 18, and 20% is caused by HPV31, 33, 45, 52 and 58. HPV16 types 16 and 18 are also associated with oropharyngeal cancer, vulvar cancer, vaginal cancer, penile cancer and anal cancer.

Will HPV infection definitely lead to cancer?

Persistent infection of high-risk HPV will lead to cancer. More than 90% of HPV infections usually subside naturally within 2 years. If carcinogenic HPV infection lasts for more than 1 year, the possibility of precancerous or cancerous lesions will increase, but not all persistent infections will progress. Only less than 1% of infections will develop into cancer after 5 to 10 years of precancerous lesions. Therefore, even if there is HPV infection, it will not necessarily become cancer, but we should pay attention to the corresponding screening.

At present, there is no specific drug to treat HPV. Through regular screening, we can observe the situation of HPV infection, so that we can treat it at an appropriate time and reduce the risk of cancer.

Personal life is very healthy, how can you be infected with HPV?

HPV virus spreads in various ways.

It can be widely spread among people through skin contact, and more than 80% of women have been infected with HPV at least once in their lives. Sexual life is the main reason why HPV spreads around the anus and genitals. Sticking to the correct use of condoms can reduce the risk of HPV infection.

Generally speaking, there are many ways of HPV infection. At present, there is no good way to prevent HPV infection, but healthy living habits, such as quitting smoking and drinking, and wiping separately after going to the toilet may reduce the probability of HPV infection. Even if you are infected with HPV, you don’t have to be nervous, because most HPV infections can be monitored regularly after infection, and generally will naturally fade away soon.

How to prevent HPV transmission?

Vaccination with HPV vaccine can safely prevent cancer caused by persistent HPV infection.

Vaccination with tetravalent or nonavalent HPV vaccine can also prevent condyloma acuminatum, which is a benign disease, but the treatment failure rate is relatively high, affecting physical and mental health. Therefore, for the majority of women, it is very necessary to vaccinate HPV vaccine.

How to choose HPV vaccine?

At present, three different vaccines have been developed, which are divided into bivalent, tetravalent and nonavalent vaccines according to the number of HPV subtypes they target. Simply put, bivalent HPV vaccine is aimed at HPV types 16 and 18; The tetravalent HPV vaccine is aimed at HPV6, 11, 16 and 18; The nine-valent HPV vaccine not only targets the same HPV subtype as the four-valent vaccine, but also targets types 31, 33, 45, 52 and 58. At present, HPV vaccines are all preventive vaccines, aiming at preventing initial HPV infection and subsequent HPV-related diseases.

At present, many hospitals, from community medical service centers to tertiary hospitals, have HPV vaccines, and these HPV vaccines can be safely vaccinated. Because of limited resources, the queue time of nine-valent vaccine will be longer. If resources and funds are not a problem, it is recommended to vaccinate the nine-valent HPV vaccine. If there is no nine-valent HPV vaccine, tetravalent HPV vaccine and bivalent HPV vaccine are also good choices, because both vaccines cover the most dangerous types 16 and 18. Generally speaking, you should try to use the same vaccine preparation to complete vaccination. However, if you don’t know the original HPV vaccine dosage form, you can also use another HPV vaccine preparation to complete the subsequent vaccination.

At what age is it appropriate to get HPV vaccine?

At present, the recommended age of HPV vaccination in China is 9-45 years old. Most countries in the world recommend routine HPV vaccination at the age of 11-12, and some suggest starting from the age of 9. For teenagers and adults aged 13-26, replanting is also recommended if they have not been vaccinated with HPV vaccine or have not completed a series of vaccines.

Why don’t foreign countries recommend routine replanting for adults over 27 years old? This is because with the increase of age, the possibility of infection with subtypes covered by HPV vaccine is gradually increasing. For older people, the benefit and cost performance of HPV vaccination are low. However, research shows that there are two peaks of high-risk infection among women in China: 17-24 years old and 40-44 years old, and single HPV infection is the main infection. Considering the characteristics of female infection and the low coverage rate of cervical cancer screening, experts suggest that women aged 9-26 should be vaccinated with HPV, and women aged 27-45 should be vaccinated when conditions permit. Women over the age of 45 don’t have to worry. At this stage, the HPV vaccine is low in cost performance, and the standardized HPV screening is enough to prevent cancer.

In the recommended age range, the best time for HPV vaccination is before the first sexual intercourse, because HPV vaccine immunization is the most effective for individuals who are not infected with HPV. That is to say, the younger you are when you are vaccinated with HPV, the more the incidence of cervical cancer decreases.

Are there any side effects of vaccination?

Vaccination of HPV vaccine, like other vaccines, may have pain, swelling and erythema at the inoculation site. A few people may have syncope or dizziness, and there are some rare other side effects, which may be related to the adjuvant in the vaccine, so you can rest assured to vaccinate. In addition, HPV vaccine can be safely inoculated in different parts with other vaccines at the same time. At present, there is evidence that inoculation of tetanus, acellular pertussis, diphtheria and inactivated polio vaccine at the same time with HPV vaccine does not damage the immune effect of the body against HPV vaccine or other vaccines at the same time.

Because there is no relevant evidence, it is generally not recommended to vaccinate HPV during pregnancy. However, with the increase of the number of people vaccinated, more and more data about unintentional vaccination after pregnancy show that vaccination during pregnancy has no effect on the safety of mother and child. Nevertheless, the remaining vaccination should be postponed, and it is best for vaccinated women to get pregnant two months after the vaccination is completed. Vaccine does not affect the safety of breastfeeding, but at present, such data are limited, so it is necessary to carefully consider HPV vaccination for lactating women.

I have been infected with HPV before, can I still be vaccinated?

There is no need to evaluate whether you have been infected with HPV before vaccination. A history of abnormal cervical cancer screening, genital warts and HPV infection is not a taboo for HPV immunization. Because these conditions all suggest that HPV was infected in the past, but it is not necessarily HPV subtype infection covered by HPV vaccine. For people who have a history of HPV infection but are still within the recommended age range, vaccination is still recommended because it still has a protective effect on the uninfected vaccine strain HPV virus. However, for people who have been infected with the subtype covered by HPV vaccine, the benefits of immunization are small.

What if we miss the seeds? I have been vaccinated with bivalent or tetravalent HPV vaccine before. Do I need to replant with nine-valent HPV vaccine?

Missing seeds means that immunization is not carried out according to the schedule. At present, the evidence shows that no matter how long the series vaccination is interrupted, it can continue to vaccinate without restarting the series vaccination.

Now it is found that HPV vaccine has a long-lasting protective effect against HPV-related diseases, and there is no need for multiple cropping. For women who have already completed bivalent or tetravalent HPV vaccination, the benefit of using nine-valent vaccine for multiple inoculation may not be obvious, so it is not recommended.

After vaccination with HPV vaccine, can I avoid regular screening?

At present, HPV vaccine can only prevent infection. After vaccination, existing HPV infection, genital warts or precancerous lesions cannot be eliminated, and the vaccine can only prevent cervical cancer caused by seven subtypes at most. After injection of HPV vaccine, other subtypes of HPV may still be infected, which may lead to cancer. Therefore, cervical cancer screening is still needed after HPV vaccination.

[Know how to drive a car] Recently, it was learned that Chery Automobile released the official Chery map. The new car is positioned as a medium-sized and large-sized car, with a brand-new design, equipped with a laser radar, and equipped with a "smart driving" system. The power is equipped with a C-DM plug-in hybrid system. Next, let’s take a look at the product strength of the new car with everyone.

Appearance, Fengyun A9 adopts a brand-new design, which looks very advanced in appearance. There are many ribs on the hood, the headlights are sharp, the inside is LED light source, and in the middle of the front of the hood, it is equipped with Chery LOGO. The grille of the new car is full of stars, the lower grille is trapezoidal air intake grille, and the front lip is relatively flat.

When you come to the side of the car body, it looks very sporty as a whole. The window is a willow window, and the dive waistline makes the whole car look more powerful. The side is also curved in a large number, showing different light and shadow effects under different light. The wheels of the new car are dense-width wheels.

The tail of the car body is equipped with a small tail, and the taillights are the popular through taillights. The taillights are treated with smoked black, and the tail is also multi-lined, which makes the layering of the tail look more obvious. The rear enclosure is decorated with chrome trim+black trim, and a hidden exhaust pipe is used.

In terms of interior, the overall appearance is relatively advanced. The interior is a double-spelling color and double-width steering wheel. There are many buttons on the steering wheel, equipped with a full LCD instrument panel, and a 15.6-inch floating central control screen is also equipped on the center console. Below the central control screen, it is equipped with a mobile phone wireless fast charging and two cup holders.

In terms of configuration, it is equipped with endless atmosphere lights, 23 speakers, intelligent fragrance system, active noise reduction system, high-speed NOA navigation assistance, 8255, HPA memory parking, L2 intelligent driving ability, 540 panoramic image, DMS fatigue detection, high-speed OTA, AI large model smart companion, wireless phone mapping function, etc.

In terms of power, the C-DM plug-in hybrid system will be equipped with a 1.5T hybrid engine with a maximum power of 105kW and a peak torque of 220Nm, and a driving motor with a maximum power of 150kW. At the same time, it is equipped with a 1-speed DHT hybrid special gearbox with the highest mechanical efficiency of 98.5%. Its CLTC pure battery life is 200km+, and its comprehensive battery life is 1500km+.

For suspension, the front double wishbone+rear five-bar independent suspension is adopted, and CDC magnetic suspension is equipped. In other aspects, it will be equipped with intelligent electric four-wheel drive, speed-controlled electric spoiler and 6-piston fixed calipers.

Xiaobian has something to say:

Chery Fengyun A9 brought by Chery this time, the new car will be equipped with many new technologies, and the overall product strength is strong. As a flagship model, the new car is expected to have surprises in pricing this time. For more information about the new car, we will continue to pay attention to knowing how to drive. Everyone wants to know more about new car information and car purchase market. Welcome to leave a message for interaction. Everyone must consume rationally when buying a car. (Photo: Source Chery Automobile; Text: Know how to drive, edited by Li Ling)

Domestic Suzuki New Alto appeared in Beijing.

　　Recently, when Sohu netizens went to a 4S shop in Changan Suzuki for maintenance, they found a new Alto parked in the corner of the shop, which had been heated by major media. They walked over and observed it carefully, and found that the whole car was fine in workmanship, and the pink metallic paint was very bright. The teardrop-shaped headlights on the front of the car were the highlights of the whole car, which raised a lot of spirits for this car. The large-mouth grille follows the design idea of big brother Audi, but it has a lovely appearance on Alto’s little face. The Suzuki "S" chrome-plated logo on the big mouth is huge and eye-catching, which plays a finishing touch for this cute and playful little face.

Car side modeling dynamic fashion body length 3500mm.

　　The side shape of the car body feels familiar. The relatively long front door and short rear door are typical design ideas of a five-door mini-car. The lower edge of the window that rises all the way extends from the A-pillar to the C-pillar, which is dynamic and fashionable. However, due to the body length of 3500mm and the narrow rear door design, the rear door window has become a triangle-like shape. However, the domestic Alto of Changan Suzuki version is different from the European version. The rear door window does not use a low-cost negative pressure ventilation window, but is replaced by an electric lifting window to cater to the tastes of Chinese people, which greatly improves the convenience of use. The overall shape of the side of the car body is similar to that of Global Hawk Panda and BYD F0 listed earlier, which is fashionable and full of vigor.

　　The domestic new Alto’s wheelbase of 2340mm belongs to the middle and upper class among mini-cars, which is longer than that of Global Hawk Panda and BYD F0, and similar to that of Changan Benben of 2365mm. The body width of 1600mm is slightly narrower than that of competitors, and the height of 1470mm is basically the same as that of Panda and F0, and slightly shorter than that of Changan Benben.

Unique tail shape

The tailgate opening is slightly narrow and the trunk is shallow.

　　The shape of the rear part of the car body is unique, probably because the bumper is lifted to a higher position to protect the shorter car body, and the whole rear wall occupies about 2/5 of the rear of the car, which is very full. However, this design also brings inconvenience, that is, the opening of the tailgate becomes higher, and the fashionable three-dimensional crystal diamond combined taillights occupy a large area, which makes the opening of the tailgate narrow, the depth of the trunk is shallow, and it is difficult to enlarge something. The overall shape of the tail is avant-garde, and the logo of Changan Suzuki shows its domestic identity. The high-position brake lights are dotted on the small tail behind the roof, which not only attaches importance to safety but also does not lose fashion.

Design of front McPherson independent suspension and rear trailing arm independent suspension plus lateral stabilizer bar

　　In the aspect of suspension, the new Alto adopts the typical small car design of front McPherson independent suspension and rear trailing arm independent suspension plus lateral stabilizer bar, which saves cost and chassis space while ensuring certain comfort.

Alto adopts 155/65 R14 Jinhu tire and 8 aluminum alloy wheels

　　In terms of wheels, the new Alto high-profile model uses 14-inch 8 aluminum alloy wheels, which are fashionable in shape. 155/65 R14 Jinhu tire seems to be not very kind, and its main competitors are almost all 165 treads. The narrower tire reduces handling but has an advantage in fuel consumption.

　　Like domestic cars with the same price, New Alto is equipped with front disc and rear drum brakes, which is enough for cars with less than 1 ton.

　　Open the door and get into the car. Like Swift and SX4, the interior of the new Alto focuses on simple and fashionable routes, with the same color scheme as the mainstream sedan. The steering wheel shape makes people see at a glance that this is a Suzuki model, which is exactly the same as SX4 and Swift. It is made of PVC, but it looks very big in the petite cockpit of Alto, and it should be more harmonious if it can be designed with smaller points. The new Alto dashboard has a distinctive shape. The huge speedometer occupies the front of the driver’s line of sight. Under the orange background light, the automatic gear position is displayed, and all kinds of warning lights are arranged around the speedometer. On the LCD panel below, information such as clock, mileage and fuel gauge is integrated. The cancellation of the water thermometer shows Suzuki’s confidence in the product.

　　The highlight is the new Alto’s tachometer. On the dashboard in front of the driver’s line of sight on the left, a tachometer is independently designed, which is similar to BYD F0’s design, except that the new Alto’s instrument uses a red background light with a scarlet letter on a black background, which is very outstanding in modification style and adds features to the overall interior modeling.

　　Looking at the whole interior, the new Alto, as a joint venture model, has no outstanding advantages in terms of materials and equipment quality. Under the cost control, the overall level is close to that of domestic models. In terms of vehicle configuration, this experience is an automatic top-mounted vehicle. The gear shifting mechanism is the same as that of Swift, and the shape of the gear shifting base and handle is basically the same. Double airbags, ABS brakes, manual air conditioners, electric rearview mirrors, four-door electric windows with central door locks and remote control keys have become standard equipment for high-equipped vehicles, while four-speaker single-disc CD audio and AUX interface cater to the tastes of young people. The seat adopts manual 4-way adjustment, and the material is a combination of gray flannel and light leather material. In design, the front seat uses the integrated design of seat headrest and has the logo of ALTO, which makes it more comfortable to sit on, but the wrapping is not strong. The headrest of the rear seat is detachable, but the backrest is straight, so I’m afraid it’s uncomfortable to sit for a long time. The whole interior is mainly practical, and there are many necessary conveniences and equipment, while others can be saved. The interior made of plastic and flannel is basically in line with the market positioning of Alto, a mini car.

　　In terms of space, as long as the height is not higher than 185cm, the head space is still sufficient, while the leg space is slightly cramped. There is no problem in short-distance transportation in the city. If you are too tall for a long distance, you will feel bad.

　　It is understood that this car is a trial version of the model, and it is still quite different from the model listed later in the interior and engine compartment.

　　When the car is on fire when the sales are not available, I feel that the sound of ignition is fragile and light. During idling, the car vibrates very little. You even suspect that it uses a 3-cylinder engine, giving people the feeling of a high-end car. Suzuki K10B is really a good machine. Listen to the idling noise on the door. If the tachometer doesn’t point to 800 revolutions, I even doubt whether the engine is running. I found the secret of silence when I opened the hood. It turns out that the new Alto is there. On the nameplate below the car body, the engine power is written as 48Kw, and the compression ratio is reduced and adjusted compared with the previously publicized machine with 50Kw compression ratio of 11: 1. In order to adapt domestic Alto to the ration of 93rd gasoline, it is worthwhile to sacrifice some power.

Photo of old and new Alto

　　Due to the small space, I didn’t test drive for a short experience, but I was deeply impressed by the new Alto. Typical urban scooter and automatic transmission models are very suitable for shuttle in cities, and the 1.0L engine has obvious advantages in fuel consumption. In terms of energy saving and styling design, it has won the favor of many people. In September, the new Alto will be listed soon. In the highly competitive car market, the role of price guiding sales is very obvious. The new Alto has already occupied the absolute advantage of brand and reputation. So, can this old car sell well? Let’s wait for the price of the new Alto, and please continue to pay attention to Sohu Auto’s follow-up reports on the new Alto.

　　Copyright statement: This article is the exclusive manuscript of Sohu Auto, and the copyright belongs to Sohu Auto. It may not be reproduced without permission, and will be investigated once it is found.

　　

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