It’s the best time to fight! This vaccine will go on the market one month in advance, so please arrange it for the baby before queuing.
Yu Xueyuan reminds
A new batch of influenza vaccine
Appointment vaccination has been opened.
Hurry up before the flu peak comes.
Arrange it for the children!
(Bao, it’s time for an injection)
Recently, a new batch (2023~2024 batches) of influenza vaccine has arrived in various places one after another, and it can be vaccinated by appointment.
On September 5th, China CDC suggested in the latest Technical Guide for Influenza Vaccination in China (2023-2024):
All people who are over 6 months old and have no contraindications should be vaccinated against influenza.
The CDC believes that
"This winter and next spring, you may face the risk of interaction or co-epidemic of respiratory infectious diseases such as COVID-19 and influenza."
In this situation, it is obviously necessary to vaccinate against influenza.
Is it too early to get a flu shot? How old can the child be vaccinated? How to choose several types of vaccines? ……There are still many concerns about the flu vaccine.
The following small series has compiled 9 frequently asked questions. Parents who are concerned about influenza vaccine should not miss today’s content ~
(Note: The new vaccination guide involves some updates and adjustments, and the following contents will also be popularized according to the new guide, so you may find that some information is different from what you have learned before, so it is recommended to take the new guide as the reference standard ~)
01
The flu vaccine is in place
Call now, is it early?
Say the answer first, not early, and just right.
Research data show that the epidemic season of influenza in winter and spring in China is usually from the middle and late October to the middle and early March of the following year.
After vaccination, the immune effect will not reach its peak until one month later.
According to the new guidelines: "The antibody protection level can be maintained for at least 6 months after influenza vaccination."
Vaccination now can just cover the upcoming peak of influenza in autumn and winter and the flu season in early spring next year.
When the flu peak comes, the antibody is just at the peak level, which can play a better protective effect.
02
The most important thing to vaccinate.
Who are they?
The new guidelines give priority to the timely vaccination of key and high-risk groups, including:
· Medical personnel, including clinical rescue personnel, public health personnel, health quarantine personnel, etc.;
·Older people aged 60 and over;
· People suffering from one or more chronic diseases;
· Vulnerable people and employees in old-age care institutions, long-term care institutions, welfare homes and other crowd gathering places;
· Pregnant women;
·Children aged 6-59 months (about 5 years old);
· Family members and caregivers of infants under 6 months old;
· People in key places such as kindergartens, primary and secondary schools, and supervision places.
Influenza vaccines are self-funded vaccines, but some areas have some free policies. Take Beijing as an example:
People over the age of 60, students in primary and secondary schools and emergency support personnel for major events can be vaccinated free of charge.
You can pay attention to the vaccination policy in your area.
03
What are the types of influenza vaccine?
How many shots? How to fight?
At present, there are trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV3), tetravalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV4) and trivalent live attenuated vaccine (LAIV3) approved for marketing in China, which are produced and supplied by different manufacturers.
In order to facilitate understanding, you can look at this table for specific vaccine types and applicable populations:
(Adults and children can refer to this table.)
Babies under the age of 6 months are also indirectly protected through the vaccination of their mothers during pregnancy and the vaccination of their caregivers and family members against influenza.
In order to gain sustained immunity,It is recommended that children be vaccinated against influenza once a year.Because the influenza virus is easy to mutate, the composition of the vaccine will be adjusted every year according to the prevalent strains of the year.
04
3 or 4, which is better?
Trivalent influenza vaccine can prevent influenza caused by influenza A (H1N1), H3N2 and Victoria B virus, while tetravalent influenza vaccine can alsoPrevent one more Yamagata virus B.
Source: Network
Although the virus coverage of tetravalent vaccine is wider than that of trivalent vaccine, the transmission ability and antigenic pathogenicity of influenza B virus are not as strong as that of influenza A virus.Therefore, vaccination with trivalent influenza vaccine can also prevent influenza virus.
There is no need for everyone to miss the best vaccination time in order to wait for the fourth price. After all,It is the most important thing to get vaccinated and protected in time!
05
Injection or nasal spray, which is better?
Whether it is injection or nasal spray, there is not much difference in safety and effectiveness.
You should notice that the injected vaccine is "inactivated" and the nasal spray is "attenuated". The difference lies in:
● Injection of influenza vaccine is to inactivate the virus, so that the virus loses its pathogenic ability but retains its antigenicity.
● Nasal spray vaccine is to culture and purify the live influenza virus, so that its virulence is weakened, but it can stimulate the human body to produce antibodies without pathogenic ability.
For babies who are very afraid of injections or dizzy needles, the nasal spray inoculation method is more moderate. But there is no need to pursue it deliberately. Again, timely vaccination is the most important thing.
06
The child has got the flu
Do you still need vaccination?
Need.
If the child accidentally gets the flu and has not been vaccinated against it before, he still needs to be vaccinated again after the baby gets better.
Because of influenza A,There is no cross-protection between different types.For example, if you have had H1N1 before, you will still get sick if you are infected with H3N2 next time.
07
Influenza vaccine can be combined with other vaccines
At the same time?
There are two situations.
Inactivated influenza vaccine (injection):Can be inoculated in different parts at the same time with other inactivated or attenuated influenza vaccines.
Attenuated vaccine (nasal spray):Can not be vaccinated with another attenuated vaccine at the same time, at least 4 weeks between them.
Can it be vaccinated at the same time as COVID-19 vaccine?
Over the age of 18, you can get inactivated influenza vaccine and COVID-19 vaccine at the same time;
Under the age of 18, it is recommended that the vaccination interval be greater than 14 days.
08
Taboos for influenza vaccination
Can egg allergy be vaccinated after all?
Egg allergy can be vaccinated against influenza.
People’s Republic of China (PRC) Pharmacopoeia (2010 edition, 2015 edition and 2020 edition) does not take people who are allergic to eggs as a taboo for vaccination.
The real vaccination taboos are the following!
You can’t get any flu vaccine.
(1) Those who are allergic to any ingredients contained in the vaccine (including auxiliary materials, formaldehyde, cracking agents and antibiotics) or have a history of severe allergic reaction to any kind of influenza vaccination.
(2) Patients suffering from acute diseases, severe chronic diseases or acute attacks of chronic diseases and fever are advised to be vaccinated after recovery or stable control.
(3) Guillain-Barre syndrome occurred within 6 weeks after previous influenza vaccination, which needs to be evaluated by a doctor.
Can’t be vaccinated with nasal spray attenuated influenza vaccine.
(1) Persons with low immune function due to drug use, HIV infection and other reasons.
(2) Children and adolescents treated with drugs containing aspirin or salicylic acid for a long time.
(3) Children with asthma aged 2-4 years.
(4) Have a history of Guillain-Barre syndrome.
(5) antiviral drugs such as oseltamivir and zanamivir were used 48 hours before inoculation, or palamivir was used 5 days before inoculation, or balosha was used 17 days before inoculation.
(6) In case of severe nasal congestion, it is suggested to suspend the inoculation of attenuated vaccine by nasal spray.
(7) Children with cochlear implants should avoid using nasal spray attenuated vaccine one week before and two weeks after operation.
(8) Pregnant women
There are still many contraindications for nasal spray attenuated vaccine.ofBefore choosing to vaccinate your child, you must pay attention to the above situation.
09
After vaccination
Will you still get the flu?
Maybe.
No vaccine can prevent the disease 100%, but vaccination can reduce the risk of infection andGreatly reduce the risk of serious illness and death.
According to the research data mentioned in the new guide, when influenza and COVID-19 are co-epidemic, after vaccination,At least it can achieve more than 70% protection effect.
Therefore, if no contraindications are involved, it is recommended to vaccinate in time, especially for the elderly and children.
Even if you are vaccinated against influenza, everyone should pay attention to prevention and maintain good hygiene habits.
Wash your hands frequently, ventilate frequently, go to crowded places less, wear masks when going to crowded places, and cover your nose and mouth when sneezing.
If you don’t know where to get a vaccine, you can refer to the following ways:
(1) Gaode or 114 inquires the telephone number of local hospitals, communities and epidemic prevention stations, and makes a phone call to consult about seedlings;
(2) Pay attention to WeChat official account, a local hospital, community and epidemic prevention station, and check whether there is an entrance for online seedling appointment;
（3）微信内搜索【疫苗服务预约】，选择所在城市，根据分类预约。
另外，育学园旗下北京弘和妇产医院也可约苗，在北京的朋友想了解可以拨打电话咨询??
咨询电话：(010)6549 1911
对流感疫苗还有其他问题，可以评论留言，小编会积极给大家解答~
最后，记得戳戳【在看】，和小编一起提醒大家，该！打！疫！苗！啦！
参考资料:
[1]中国疾病预防控制中心《中国流感疫苗预防接种技术指南（2023-2024）》
[2]上海疾控《流感疫苗可以安排了，给身体留出足够时间做准备》
[3]北京日报
免责声明：本文内容更新于2023年。文章仅提供一般的医疗、健康、用药、养育等方面的科普信息，不能代替任何个人的医学诊断和治疗。个人的医疗、用药问题请咨询医生。
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