A good ecological environment is an inherent requirement for realizing the sustainable development of the Chinese nation, a priority area for improving people’s livelihood and well-being, and an important foundation for building a beautiful China.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Protecting the ecological environment means protecting the productive forces, and improving the ecological environment means developing the productive forces." The Decision of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee put forward: "Improve the system and mechanism of precise pollution control, scientific pollution control and pollution control according to law".

　　All localities and departments adhere to precise pollution control, scientific pollution control and pollution control according to law, constantly innovate working mechanisms, continue to fight the defense of blue sky, clear water and pure land in depth, and jointly promote carbon reduction, pollution reduction, greening and growth to promote the continuous improvement of ecological environment quality.

　　Continue to fight the blue sky defense war in depth, and the overall environmental air quality continues to improve.

　　"The inspection found that about 2,000 square meters of bare soil in a construction site in Guangyang District was incomplete, the main roads were not hardened, and the roads were seriously dusty. Please rectify immediately! " This is not long ago, the inspection information released by the site supervision working group of Langfang Ecological Environment Bureau of Hebei Province.

　　In order to fight the blue sky defense war in depth, this year, Langfang City Ecological Environment Bureau insisted on scientific and accurate pollution control according to law, formulated and issued the Work Plan for Comprehensive Control of Air Pollution in Langfang City in 2024, innovated the working mechanism, and promoted the effectiveness of air pollution control.

　　Dust from roads and construction sites is the main source of PM10. Langfang City Ecological Environment Bureau established an on-site inspection mechanism. In view of the dust pollution in the main city, the inspection team went deep into more than 130 construction sites to conduct inspections, found problems and immediately handed them over. At 5: 00 pm on the day when the patrol information was released, feedback was received in the site supervision information group: it was ordered to rectify the cover completely, sprinkle water regularly to reduce dust, and attach photos of on-site rectification.

　　"In order to improve the accuracy of air pollution control, we have also established a key county ‘ Weekly consultation mechanism ’ . Hold a meeting every Friday to report problems and judge the recent air quality. The expert group analyzed the situation and made suggestions to promote the continuous improvement of the quality of the atmospheric environment. " Yin song, director of Langfang city ecological environment bureau, introduced.

　　With the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, the joint prevention and control of regional air pollution has been continuously strengthened.

　　At the Mizidian checkpoint in Tongzhou District, Beijing, law enforcement officers in Tongzhou District are working with the staff of Xianghe County Branch of Langfang City Ecological Environment Bureau to carry out joint law enforcement inspections on transit heavy-duty diesel vehicles. At the scene, the staff put the sampler into the diesel exhaust pipe for testing. "This year, joint law enforcement has been carried out six times, and two vehicles with excessive exhaust gas have been found and handed over to the public security traffic police department for handling." Yao Haifeng, deputy director of Xianghe County Branch, introduced.

　　In the first half of the year, the concentration of PM2.5 in Langfang City was 42 μ g/m3, down 2.3% year-on-year; Excellent days reached 112 days, an increase of 2 days year-on-year. The quality of the atmospheric environment continued to improve.

　　Following the action plan for air pollution prevention and control and the three-year action plan for winning the blue sky defense war, the action plan for continuous improvement of air quality has been implemented. Taking PM2.5 control as the main line, we will strengthen source control, multi-pollutant coordinated control and regional pollution coordinated control, promote clean heating in the northern region in an orderly manner according to local conditions, and promote ultra-low emission transformation in the steel, cement and coking industries with high quality. All localities and departments will overcome difficulties and continue to fight the blue sky defense war.

　　In the first half of the year, the average concentration of PM2.5 in 339 prefecture-level and above cities was 33 μ g/m3, down 2.9% year-on-year; The average number of days with good air quality was 82.8%, up 1.4 percentage points year-on-year. Overall, the ambient air quality continued to improve.

　　We continued to fight the battle for clear water, and the overall environmental quality of surface water continued to improve.

　　The blue waves are rippling and sparkling. This is the largest lake in Jiangning District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, with an area of about 233 standard football fields. "I often bring my children here to play. The lake is clear and especially clean." In the evening, Lin Yue, a resident who lives nearby, took a walk with his family.

　　However, more than 10 years ago, due to the direct discharge of domestic sewage, the water quality of this clean and green lake once turned red. "After more than 10 years of treatment, the water quality of the lake has continued to improve. Enter ‘ Fourteenth Five-Year Plan ’ Nanjing continues to fight the battle for clear water, from paying attention to the improvement of water environment to taking into account the improvement of water ecology. " Ju Xiaoqiu, director of the Water Ecological Environment Division of Nanjing Ecological Environment Bureau, said that in order to change the current situation of low transparency and poor biodiversity of lake water, after expert argumentation, new technical means were adopted at the beginning of this year to enhance the resilience of lake ecosystem and enrich biodiversity.

　　The reporter saw that in Baijia Lake, hexagonal flower beds bloomed in the lake like flowers. Careful observation shows that these flower beds are not planted with aquatic plants, but covered with pieces of "fishing nets", and under the net are pieces of cloth. "The surface of the cloth strip is coated with new materials. Under the sunlight, oxygen-active substances are generated to degrade the organic pollutants in the water, improve the transparency of the water body, and create conditions for restoring submerged vegetation." Zhou Yanwen, deputy director of the Institute of Ecology of Nanjing Institute of Ecological Environmental Protection, said.

　　After continuous ecological restoration, the ecological quality of Baijia Lake has been continuously improved: the water quality has reached Class III, the transparency of the water body has been increased from less than 0.4m to 1.9m, the lake has been improved from moderately eutrophic to moderately eutrophic, the species of macroinvertebrates have been increased from 6 to 14, and the coverage of submerged plants has reached over 66%. According to the latest observation data, the ecosystem of Baijia Lake is changing from "algae type" to a more stable "grass type", which means that the plants that are easier to grow in the lake have changed from algae to aquatic plants, which is a sign of good water quality.

　　Since the beginning of this year, Nanjing has continued to fight the battle for clear water, and simultaneously promoted the construction of sewage collection and treatment facilities, agricultural non-point source pollution control, and water ecological investigation and evaluation. In the first half of the year, the proportion of excellent water quality in 42 surface water countries and provinces in the city remained stable at 100%, and Qinhuai River was selected as the second batch of excellent cases of beautiful rivers and lakes by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment. "In the next step, we will continue to implement the water ecological protection and restoration in the Yangtze River basin, build a water ecological assessment index system, and create beautiful rivers and lakes with clear water, shallow fish and harmonious people and water." Ju Xiaoqiu said.

　　It’s not just Baijia Lake. All relevant regions and departments make overall plans for water resources, water environment and water ecological management, further promote the protection and management of major rivers and lakes such as the Yangtze River and the Yellow River, further promote the comprehensive management of key sea areas, strengthen the pollution control and control of rivers entering the sea, and continue to fight the battle for clear water.

　　In the first half of this year, among the surface water assessment sections of 3641 countries, the water quality was excellent (ⅰ & mdash; Class III) The section ratio was 88.8%, up by 1.0 percentage points year on year; The proportion of inferior V section was 0.8%, down 0.2 percentage points year-on-year. The Yangtze River, Yellow River and other major rivers have excellent water quality (Ⅰ— Class III) The section ratio was 90.3%, up 1.2 percentage points year-on-year. The overall environmental quality of surface water has continued to improve.

　　We will continue to lay a solid foundation for the defense of pure land, and effectively guarantee the safe use of polluted cultivated land and key construction land.

　　Walking into the centralized treatment and resource utilization and disposal center of contaminated soil in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, the staff drove a small bulldozer to work back and forth.

　　"The disposal center has technologies such as solidification stabilization, leaching and thermal desorption." Song Shuxiang, deputy general manager of Guangzhou Huantou Environmental Service Co., Ltd., who is in charge of operating the disposal center, introduced that solidification stabilization technology is used to dispose of heavy metal contaminated soil, leaching technology is used to treat sandy heavy metal contaminated soil, and thermal desorption technology is used to treat organic contaminated soil.

　　With the development of economy and society, a large number of industrial enterprises have moved out of the city, and the original plots have been used for construction land development. However, traditional soil remediation models such as in-situ remediation have some limitations, such as long time-consuming and repeated construction, and the disposal capacity and speed can not keep up with the progress of subsequent development and utilization.

　　The Tenth Five-Year Plan for the Protection of Soil, Groundwater and Rural Ecological Environment clearly proposes to explore the mode of "repairing factories" for contaminated soil. Guangdong province, focusing on Guangzhou and other places, supports the construction of a centralized treatment and resource utilization and disposal center for contaminated soil. Guangzhou has built the disposal center in Baiyun District, which is operated by Guangzhou Huantou Environmental Service Co., Ltd..

　　Ying wang, Director of Soil Environment and Natural Ecological Protection Division of Guangzhou Ecological Environment Bureau, introduced that Guangzhou has promoted soil pollution risk management and restoration in an orderly manner, including soil pollution investigation, risk management and restoration, and established a multi-sector linkage mechanism to ensure the demand for urban rapid development and construction land.

　　The prevention and control of soil pollution should be controlled from the source. In September last year, the Guangzhou Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment organized the formulation of "Management Points of Key Supervision Units of Soil Pollution in Guangzhou", and dynamically updated 73 key supervision units of soil pollution in 2024. "We pass ‘ A piece of paper ’ ‘ A table ’ ‘ A picture ’ Clarify who will do, what to do and how to do it in key supervision units and supervision departments at all levels, compact the responsibilities of all parties, guide and urge key supervision units of soil pollution to carry out hidden dangers investigation and other work, and effectively prevent and control the source of soil pollution. " Ying wang said.

　　Adhere to prevention first, risk control, and soil and water co-governance, implement the action of preventing and controlling the source of soil pollution, accelerate the construction of major projects for source control, promote the investigation and rectification of soil pollution sources in cultivated land throughout the county, promote the ecological environment protection of black land and saline-alkali land, and strengthen the control of soil pollution in plots vacated by closed and relocated enterprises … … All relevant regions and departments have highlighted the source control of soil pollution, and classified policies for different pollution sources, which not only prevent the increase, but also reduce the stock, and continue to fight the battle of pure land in depth. The safe use of polluted farmland and key construction land in China has been effectively guaranteed, and the rate of rural domestic sewage treatment (control) has reached more than 45%.

　　Sun Jinlong, Party Secretary of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, said that it will fully and accurately implement the requirements of precise, scientific and legal pollution control, make precise policies, respect the laws of nature, deepen the reform of the ecological civilization system on the track of the rule of law, continuously improve the modernization level of ecological environmental governance, and plan and promote ecological environmental protection with higher standards.

　　(Reporter Yan Jiangze, Shi Ziqiang, Yao Xueqing, Wang Yunna)

　　CCTV News:"Beijing Yanqing" WeChat WeChat official account news, Beijing Yanqing District Center for Disease Control and Prevention informed that on July 4, Yanqing District screened out a case of people who were positive for nucleic acid testing and returned to Beijing after the expiration of entry quarantine. The residence of this person is the commune (hotel) at the foot of the Great Wall in Badaling Town, Yanqing District. At 14: 37 on July 4, the nucleic acid test result was positive. At present, it has been transferred to the designated hospital in the city for isolation treatment.

　　After receiving the report, Yanqing District immediately started the 8-hour working mechanism, and the relevant risk personnel and risk points have been investigated and controlled.

　　Activity trajectory:At 11: 00 on July 1st, take MU5103 flight from Shanghai Hongqiao Airport to T1 Terminal of Capital International Airport, and take it to Yanqing’s residence by special bus.

　　At 16: 00 on July 2, I went to the nucleic acid sampling point of Badaling Town Tourism Service Consultation Station in Yanqing District for nucleic acid testing, and then walked back to my residence.

　　At 17: 30 on July 3rd, the nucleic acid was sampled at the nucleic acid sampling point in the southwest corner of the intersection of commercial street in Kangzhuang Town, Yanqing District. At about 18: 00, we went to Kangzhuang Town Grassland Love Hot Pot City (Yangxiezi Store) for dinner. After the meal, walk to Baipinshang Shopping Center, stay for about 20 minutes, and leave the supermarket at 18: 45.

　　Please take the initiative to report to the community (village), work unit and hotel where you live.

　　　

After the embarrassing situation of falling in recent days, China A-shares welcomed the voice of the CSRC and the central bank last weekend. Analysts here said in an interview with China News Service that the government is trying to build a systematic project to stabilize the stock market, which is undoubtedly conducive to stabilizing market confidence. Considering the overall situation of the current stock market, A shares are showing more positive signals.

The stock market bubble has been released to a considerable extent.

China Securities Regulatory Commission issued a notice on the evening of 6th, saying that at present, the bubbles and risks in China stock market have been released to a considerable extent, the market transactions are basically normal, the liquidity is abundant, and the internal stability of the market is enhanced. The rise and fall of the stock market has its own operating rules. Under normal circumstances, the government does not intervene. However, when the stock market fluctuates violently and abnormally, which may lead to systemic risks, the government will never sit idly by and will take various measures to stabilize the stock market in a timely and decisive manner.

It is worth noting that this is not the only official statement on the stock market in China recently. Zhou Xiaochuan, governor of China’s central bank, recently said at the meeting of G20 finance ministers and central bank governors that since the stock market adjustment, the leverage ratio has dropped significantly, and it has not had a significant impact on the real economy. At present, the exchange rate of RMB against the US dollar has stabilized, the stock market adjustment has been "in place", and the financial market is expected to be more stable.

In this regard, Dong Dengxin, director of the Institute of Financial Securities of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, said in an interview with Zhongxin.com that the official move is to persuade investors not to panic too much, to remind the stock market bubble that it has been released to a considerable extent, and to express its position that it will intervene and stabilize the market in due course; Considering that the current on-site financing balance of A shares has dropped to about 1 trillion yuan (RMB, the same below), returning to the level at the end of last year, and the P/E ratio of some stocks has also shrunk significantly, A shares are showing more positive signals.

Xu Hongcai, director of the Economic Research Department of China International Economic Exchange Center, also agreed. Xu Hongcai believes that the current Shanghai Composite Index has dropped from more than 5,000 points in the middle of the year to around 3,000 points, and the bubble accumulated before mid-June "has been basically squeezed out". In addition, unlike previous rounds of adjustment, the shock of China A shares in late August had a negative spillover effect on the global stock market to a certain extent, which deepened the doubts about China’s economy.

Xu Hongcai further pointed out that in this case, the official made it clear that the stock market adjustment was basically in place, which was not only a judgment based on facts, but also a consideration to boost the confidence of domestic and foreign investors in China’s economic and financial stability.

Affected by this, the Shanghai Composite Index, a representative of A-shares, changed its downward trend, opening lower and going higher. As of the close of the morning, the Shanghai Composite Index rose 0.87% to close at 3,187 points.

Create a systematic project for "stabilizing the stock market"

In view of the future work arrangement, the CSRC indicated that it will continue to take stabilizing the market and preventing systemic risks as the primary task, organically combine stabilizing the market, repairing the market and building the market, focus on cultivating an open, transparent, long-term stable and healthy capital market, and put forward four measures, including cultivating and developing institutional investors.

In this regard, Dong Dengxin said that this move shows that while maintaining market stability, the regulatory authorities are continuing to promote the marketization and legalization of A-shares. Regulators put forward the main starting point for the next step, and do a good job in market construction. Its core is to create a systematic project for "stabilizing the stock market", rather than simply focusing on the market trend itself, so as to avoid piecemeal treatment.

Dong Dengxin believes that the abnormal fluctuation of the stock market has further exposed the immature stock market and imperfect system in China, and the above measures of the CSRC are targeted measures to try to overcome related problems.

"The development of institutional investors is to reform the status quo of A-share retail market, and the reform of registration system is to reform the policy market." Dong Dengxin said that the scheme of fuse mechanism that has attracted much attention is to make up for the existing price limit system and put forward a stricter market protection mechanism.

Fuse mechanism or introduction: stricter than the price limit system

The so-called fuse mechanism is a protection mechanism established by the US Securities and Exchange Commission. According to the latest regulations of the SEC, when the S&P index falls by 7% in a short time, all securities market transactions in the United States will be suspended for 15 minutes.

According to Cheng Xiaoyong, assistant director of Baocheng Futures Finance Research Institute, the fuse mechanism is equivalent to a "shock absorber". Its benefits are as follows: first, it provides early warning for the trading risks in the market, effectively preventing the suddenness and seriousness of risks; The second is to gain thinking time and operation time for controlling trading risks; Third, it is conducive to eliminating the decline in liquidity in the futures market caused by outdated prices; The fourth is to provide institutional guarantee for gradually resolving transaction risks.

Dong Dengxin pointed out that, in fact, the 10% price limit system and the temporary suspension system of new shares currently implemented by A-shares belong to the fuse mechanism in a broad sense. In this sense, the regulatory authorities proposed to study and formulate a scheme to implement the index fuse mechanism, perhaps because of formulating a stricter temporary suspension mechanism.

Dong Dengxin further pointed out that the new regulations may implement 8% reduction fuse arrangement for weighted blue-chip stocks, such as "two barrels of oil" and "four major banks", but the fuse mechanism should not be abused in individual stocks. As far as the index is concerned, it may be appropriate to set a melting point of 6%, that is, when there is a 6% decline in the Shanghai Composite Index or the Shanghai and Shenzhen 300 Index, trading will be suspended for a period of time to give the market a cooling-off period, so that investors can fully digest market information and prevent irrational large fluctuations in the market. (Reporter Chen Kangliang)

Click to enter the topic of "Maintaining the Stability of Capital Market"

　　Speaking of the B-class car market, most people will think of SAIC Volkswagen Passat first. After all, in this market segment, Passat’s spatial attributes can be compared. Unless it is a luxury car, there are really few rivals. In the face of market demand, SAIC Volkswagen Passat is also constantly improving product quality. Not long ago, the 2023 Passat was officially listed. In this regard, what adjustments have been made to this 2023 Passat? Let’s take a look at it below.

　　SAIC Volkswagen announced the official launch of the 2023 Passat, and launched 9 models of 1.4T and 2.0T low-power engine powertrains, with the price range of 18.19-23.39 million yuan. On the basis of continuing the 2022 model, a 280TSI Star Elite version has been added, and two optional body colors, elegant white and crystal diamond silver, have been added.

　　The design has not changed, but only some details have been adjusted. On the whole, it is still quite satisfactory, retaining the original feeling of calm, low-key and luxury. The layout of the front face maintains the original model, but it is divided into conventional dot matrix layout and starry front face. Compared with the 2022 model, the decoration of chrome trim strips is reduced and the simple design style is restored. Matching the penetrating headlight group, daytime running lights extend to both sides of the front face, which has high recognition.

　　The length, width and height of the 2023 models are 4948×1836×1469 mm and the wheelbase is 2871mm respectively. The alloy wheels with 18-inch silver-black two-color design are full of movement.

　　A penetrating taillight group is applied at the rear of the car, and the interior of the taillight is designed with a horizontal light strip. The tail still uses a hidden exhaust system.

　　The interior has not changed, and it is still a family-style design language, calm and atmospheric, with three flat-bottomed multi-function steering wheels. This aspect has changed, and the latest style of Volkswagen has been adopted. 10.2-inch full LCD instrument panel and 9.2-inch central control display screen, intelligently support mobile phone interconnection mapping, voice recognition control, OTA upgrade and so on.

　　According to the different configuration and price of the new car, the seats are made of imitation leather and genuine leather fabrics for everyone to choose from. The electric adjustable seats, front seat heating, and adjustable buttons in the back of the co-pilot seat are the standard of this new car.

　　Section 2023Saic VolkswagenPassatofAdd configuration

　　Elite Edition/Star Elite Edition is equipped with parking automatic folding rearview mirror and ACC adaptive cruise; Deluxe Edition/Star Deluxe Edition adds 360 panoramic images, IQ. Smart car coupling system, electric trunk lid (induction opening), and provides HUD, Harman Kardon advanced audio and lane change assistance system as options.

　　The 2023 Passat is equipped with two kinds of power including 280TSI(1.4T) and 330TSI(2.0T low power). The maximum power is 110kW(150 HP) and 137kW(186 HP), and the peak torque is 250Nm, 320Nm and 350Nm respectively, matching the 7-speed dry dual-clutch gearbox and the 7-speed wet dual-clutch gearbox.

　　Generally speaking, the redesigned 2023 SAIC Volkswagen Passat is a new engine model with a variety of power options. The front McPherson independent suspension, the rear multi-link independent suspension, and the relatively compact chassis enable Passat, which is close to 5 meters long, to stably control the body posture when making an emergency turn. Will you be interested in this 23 Passat? Interested parties can go to the store for a test drive.

　　(Source: Look at the headline network)

The reporter learned from Shanghai Customs that at 22: 30 on March 17th, 21,200 boxes of imported Covid-19 therapeutic drug "Naimatvir/Ritonavir Tablets" (Paxlovid) were cleared by Shanghai Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, and all the import clearance procedures were completed, and they were rushed to the national anti-epidemic front line. This is the first import of this drug in China after it was included in the latest version of COVID-19’s diagnosis and treatment plan.

On February 11th, 2022, according to the relevant provisions of the Drug Administration Law and the special drug approval procedures, National Medical Products Administration conducted emergency review and approval, and conditionally approved the import registration of the combined packaging (Paxlovid) of nematevir tablets and ritonavir tablets in Covid-19, Pfizer. On March 15th, the main points of the revision of novel coronavirus Diagnosis and Treatment Plan (Trial Ninth Edition) issued by the National Health and Wellness Commission showed that the specific anti-Covid-19 drugs of Naimatevir Tablets/Ritonavir Tablets (Paxlovid) approved by National Medical Products Administration were written into the diagnosis and treatment plan.

Hu Xiaoming, deputy director of the General Department of Shanghai Customs, said that the goods were imported from Pudong Airport. They connect with enterprises in advance to understand the import situation of goods, formulate and start the whole customs clearance guarantee plan, and guide enterprises to adopt the "declare in advance" model. After the goods arrived at Pudong Airport, they were immediately removed and transferred to Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, which provided valuable time "ahead of schedule" for enterprises to declare imports and distribute shipments.

After the customs in the bonded area "receives the stick", a green channel is set up at the business site to ensure the safe and convenient customs clearance of goods. In view of the strict requirements for the storage environment of this batch of drugs, after receiving the application for making an appointment for inspection from the enterprise, the customs of the bonded area appointed customs officers to go to the enterprise to carry out warehousing inspection under the premise of doing a good job of safety protection, and complete the on-site inspection according to the inspection instructions to realize the "zero waiting" for customs clearance.

Geng Jing, head of the Second Division of Customs Comprehensive Business in the Bonded Zone, told the reporter: "This batch of goods is relatively large. We give full play to the function of the logistics distribution center in the special customs supervision area, and help enterprises to reasonably arrange the batch exit and the corresponding transportation plan according to the actual situation and demand, and provide all-weather customs clearance guarantee, so as not to delay drugs for one second."

　　Nanjing Tianluokeng Tulou Group, the landmark building of Fujian Tulou in the night. Photo by Xiao Guohe

　　Southeast Network Zhangzhou November 10 (reporter Su Haisen of this website) Fujian Tulou, hometown of Nanjing. Nanjing, Zhangzhou is the hometown of Fujian Tulou and the main heritage site of Fujian Tulou, a world cultural heritage. It has more than 15,000 tulou, including more than 1,300 large tulou, which is called "Tulou Kingdom". The oldest, largest, smallest, tallest and most exquisite earth buildings are located in Nanjing County. In 2008, 20 earth buildings in Tianluokeng Earth Building Group, Hekeng Earth Building Group, Huaiyuan Building and Hegui Building in Nanjing County were upgraded to World Heritage sites.

　　On November 8, "E Road Peer ‘ Zhang ’ Charming "The 2019 national key online media interview group came to Nanjing County to visit and feel the charm of the unique large-scale rammed earth residential buildings in mountainous areas in the world.

　　In the interview group, many people saw tulou for the first time, and they were amazed at tulou architecture and its rich and rich culture. "Quiet and natural, folk art." This is the biggest feeling of People’s Daily reporter Chen Xiaozhen after visiting Yuchang Building, the oldest tulou in Nanjing, and Tianluokeng Tulou Group, the landmark building of Tulou in Fujian.

　　There are many earth buildings in Taxia Village, Nanjing, which are spectacular. Photo by Xiao Guohe

　　"The hard work and wisdom of Hakka people are shocking and admirable." Su Yuru, a reporter from the public network in the north, said that the form of settlement in which the same clan lives in the same building is basically invisible in the north. "In addition to living, tulou has the function of resisting foreign enemies, and this design is amazing."

　　It is reported that in 2018, the number of tourists received by Nanjing has exceeded 4 million, and the number of tourists received by Tulou has exceeded 2 million. "In recent years, the popularity of Nanjing Tulou has become higher and higher, and we have gradually explored ‘ Traditional culture+global tourism+tourism activity industry chain+tourism promotion output ’ A full industrial chain model with multi-format integration. " Liu Yongsheng, deputy secretary of the Party Working Committee of Tulou in Nanjing County and director of Tulou Management Committee, said that with the increasing number of tourists in Tulou every year, the protective measures for Tulou in Nanjing County are constantly strengthening, such as fire safety, which is inspected by a large number of firefighters every day. In addition, the government’s funds for the protection and repair of earth buildings are also increasing.

　　Related links:

　　Representative scenic spots of Fujian Tulou (Nanjing) tourist scenic spot

　　Tianluokeng Tulou Group — — Fujian Tulou landmark building

　　Tianluokeng Tulou Group, a landmark building of Fujian Tulou, commonly known as "four dishes and one soup". Photo courtesy of Propaganda Department of Nanjing County Committee

　　Tianluokeng Tulou Group is a unique and mythical architectural model in mountainous areas in the world. It is a creative masterpiece of earthy architecture, which embodies the perfect combination of the oriental philosophy of "harmony between man and nature" and the architectural planning theory of "Feng Shui". It consists of five large-scale earth buildings, with a square building in the middle and three round buildings and an oval building around it. These earth buildings are undulating according to the mountain, patchwork and peculiar layout, and become the most exquisite combination group.

　　These earth buildings not only adapt to the requirements of living and defense, but also reflect the perfect integration of earth building settlements and natural ecological environment, and have strong architectural characteristics of mountain residential buildings. In May 2001, Tianluokeng Tulou Group was identified as a national key cultural relics protection unit.

　　Yuchang Building — — A strange garden of architecture slanting in the east and west

　　The wall of Yuchang Building, the oldest earth building in Nanjing with a history of more than 600 years, is well preserved. Photo by Chen Shuguang

　　Yuchang Building, built in 1308, is the oldest existing earth building in Fujian. Yuchang Building has five floors of 18.2 meters and 270 rooms. There are five stairs in the whole building, which are divided into five hexagrams. There are 22 wells in the kitchen on the ground floor, which is the earth building with the most wells in Fujian.

　　The most striking feature of Yuchang Building is that its columns are staggered, with a maximum inclination of 15 degrees, which looks shaky. However, it has stood the test of 700 years of wind and rain erosion and numerous earthquakes, and is still as close as ever, becoming a living specimen of ancient residential buildings.

　　Cloud and water ballads — — Graceful and agile Jiangnan style

　　The quaint ancient town of Yunshuiyao. Photo by Xiao Guohe

　　Yunshuiyao ancient town is an ancient village with a long history. The long ancient roads, century-old banyan trees, magical earth buildings and the clear water of Lingshan all give people a sense of detachment. The Yunshuiyao Scenic Area in Nanjing County has world cultural heritage, expensive buildings and Huaiyuan buildings, the highest, largest and most concentrated Millennium banyan trees in Fujian Province, a century-old street and a Millennium ancient road.

　　The ancient town of Yunshuiyao has two world-heritage earth buildings, as well as diaojiao building, bamboo pole building, mansion-style earth building and so on, with unique scenery. The unique natural landscape and unique human resources of Yunshuiyao ancient town have attracted groups of film directors and producers to take pictures here.

　　Huaiyuan Building — — The most exquisite tulou

　　Huaiyuan Building, with a history of over a hundred years, is a masterpiece of traditional residential architecture. Photo by Chea Chang

　　Huaiyuan Building is the best-preserved and most culturally meaningful double-ring round earth building in Nanjing, and it is also a typical representative of the corridor-style round building in Fujian. Huaiyuan Building has a complete defense function, and the outer ring earth building has four defense facilities, namely, anti-theft, anti-bandits, fire prevention and waterproof.

　　Huaiyuan Building has a very strong cultural atmosphere, which is an outstanding example of the perfect combination of all the architectural achievements of Fujian Tulou and Confucian culture, and it is also a physical witness of important historical events in modern China. In 2006, Huaiyuan Building was designated as a national key cultural relic protection unit.

　　And your building — — The tallest square building

　　And your building in the early morning. Photo by Xiao Guohe

　　Hegui Building is a typical representative of the corridor-style square building in Fujian Tulou, and it is one of the few large-scale square buildings that still exist today. It was built in the tenth year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (1732) and formed ‘ Bao Lou, Bao Lou CuO ’ The plane layout of. Tulou people have always attached importance to culture and education, and a private school with "three rooms and one hall" has been built in the courtyard of your building.

　　And your building has high architectural research value. And the wall of your building is rammed with soil. The bottom wall is 1.4 meters thick and shrinks step by step. The total height of the wall is 17.95 meters, and the height-thickness ratio of the soil wall reaches 13: 1. Visible, as early as more than 200 years ago, Fujian Tulou has pushed the traditional rammed earth technology level in China to the peak. What’s even more amazing is that Heguilou, a square earth building resembling a castle, was actually built on a swamp of 3,000 square meters, which is still like an ark on land. Now it has passed through more than 200 spring and autumn. The ancestors of tulou created the cutting foundation construction technology with pine as the bottom, which successfully solved this technical problem, which is shocking enough. In 2001, Hegui Building was designated as a national key cultural relics protection unit.

　　background information

　　Fujian Earth Building: Earth Building with Great Aesthetic Feeling

　　Overlooking the Tulou Group in Tianluokeng, the landmark building of Fujian Tulou. Photo by Xiao Guohe

　　Fujian Tulou came into being in the Song and Yuan Dynasties. After the development in the early and middle Ming Dynasty, it gradually matured in the late Ming Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, and it has continued to this day. Fujian Tulou is a unique large-scale rammed earth residential building in mountainous areas in the world. It is a self-contained, economical, strong and defensive high-rise building type, which absorbs the "Feng Shui" concept of China’s traditional architectural planning, adapts to the requirements of living and defense of living together, and skillfully uses the narrow flat land in the mountains and local building materials such as raw soil, wood and pebbles.

　　The building materials of Fujian tulou are very strange, which are composed of clay, glutinous rice, brown sugar, bamboo chips and water. The tulou built is warm in winter and cool in summer, and it is very magical to resist typhoons and earthquakes. Fujian Tulou is an outstanding representative of China’s traditional culture "Fiona Fang" thought; It is a shining example of "harmony between man and nature" in China residential buildings; It is a historical witness to the peak of China’s rammed earth technology and national harmony; It is the most potential world business card for China’s ecological and cultural tourism.

　　The "measures" for the administration of real estate surveying and mapping have been deliberated and adopted by the 31st executive meeting of the Ministry of Construction on October 8, 2000 and the executive meeting of the State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping on October 26, 2000 (the State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping is authorized by the Ministry of Land and Resources), and are hereby promulgated and shall come into force as of May 1, 2001.

　　Chapter I General Provisions

　　Article 1 In order to strengthen the management of real estate surveying and mapping, standardize the behavior of real estate surveying and mapping, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of housing owners, these Measures are formulated in accordance with the Surveying and Mapping Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the Urban Real Estate Management Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC).

　　Article 2 These Measures shall be observed when engaging in real estate surveying and mapping activities and implementing real estate surveying and mapping management in People’s Republic of China (PRC).

　　Third real estate surveying and mapping units shall strictly abide by the relevant laws and regulations of the state, implement the national real estate surveying norms and relevant technical standards and regulations, and be responsible for the quality of their completed real estate surveying and mapping results.

　　Real estate surveying and mapping units shall adopt advanced technology and equipment, improve the level of surveying and mapping technology, and accept the technical guidance and business supervision of the real estate administrative department and the surveying and mapping administrative department.

　　Article 4 Real estate surveying and mapping practitioners shall ensure the completeness and accuracy of surveying and mapping results, and shall not engage in illegal surveying and mapping, practise fraud, or harm the national interests, social public interests and the legitimate rights and interests of others.

　　Fifth the State Council Surveying and mapping administrative departments and the State Council construction administrative departments shall be responsible for the supervision and management of real estate surveying and mapping and the application of the results according to the division of responsibilities determined by the State Council.

　　The surveying and mapping administrative departments of the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government (hereinafter referred to as the provincial surveying and mapping administrative departments) and the construction administrative departments of the people’s governments of provinces and autonomous regions and the real estate administrative departments of the people’s governments of municipalities directly under the Central Government (hereinafter referred to as the provincial real estate administrative departments) are responsible for the supervision and management of real estate surveying and mapping and the application of results according to the division of responsibilities determined by the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government.

　　Chapter II Entrustment of Real Estate Surveying and Mapping

　　Article 6 In any of the following circumstances, the applicant for housing rights, the owner of housing rights or other interested parties shall entrust a real estate surveying and mapping unit to conduct real estate surveying and mapping:

　　(1) Houses applying for initial registration of property rights;

　　(2) Houses whose natural conditions have changed;

　　(three) the housing rights or other interested parties require surveying and mapping houses.

　　Real estate surveying and mapping required in real estate management shall be entrusted by the real estate administrative department to conduct real estate surveying and mapping units.

　　Seventh real estate surveying and mapping results should be consistent with the natural conditions of real estate. When the natural conditions of the real estate change, the real estate change measurement shall be implemented in time.

　　Eighth commissioned by the real estate surveying and mapping, the client and the real estate surveying and mapping unit shall sign a written contract for real estate surveying and mapping.

　　Ninth real estate surveying and mapping units should be independent economic entities, and shall not have an interest in the client.

　　Tenth real estate surveying and mapping costs paid by the client.

　　Real estate surveying and mapping fees in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state.

　　Chapter III Qualification Management

　　Article 11 The State implements the qualification examination and certification system for real estate surveying and mapping units.

　　Twelfth real estate surveying and mapping units shall, in accordance with the "People’s Republic of China (PRC) Surveying and Mapping Law" and the provisions of these measures, obtain the "Surveying and Mapping Qualification Certificate" issued by the surveying and mapping administrative department of the people’s government at or above the provincial level, which specifies the real estate surveying and mapping business.

　　Thirteenth unless otherwise stipulated in these measures, the qualification examination, grading standards, operation limits and annual inspection of real estate surveying and mapping shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state.

　　Fourteenth units applying for the qualification of real estate surveying and mapping shall submit a written application to the local provincial administrative department of surveying and mapping, and submit relevant materials in accordance with the requirements of surveying and mapping qualification examination and management.

　　The provincial administrative department of Surveying and mapping shall, within 5 days from the date of acceptance, transfer it to the provincial administrative department of real estate for preliminary examination. Provincial real estate administrative departments shall, within 15 days, put forward written preliminary opinions and feedback to the provincial administrative departments of Surveying and mapping; Among them, the preliminary examination opinions on applying for the qualification of Grade A real estate surveying and mapping shall be submitted to the construction administrative department of the State Council for the record.

　　To apply for the qualification of Grade A real estate surveying and mapping, the provincial administrative department of surveying and mapping shall report to the administrative department of surveying and mapping of the State Council for approval and certification; Those who apply for the qualification of real estate surveying and mapping below Grade B shall be examined and approved by the provincial administrative department of surveying and mapping.

　　Units that have obtained Grade A real estate surveying and mapping qualifications shall be jointly announced to the public by the administrative departments of surveying and mapping in the State Council and construction in the State Council. Units that have obtained the qualification of real estate surveying and mapping below Grade B shall be jointly announced to the public by the provincial administrative department of surveying and mapping and the provincial administrative department of real estate.

　　Fifteenth "Surveying and mapping qualification certificate" is valid for 5 years, 3 months before the expiration, the holder shall submit it for review, and the issuing authority shall be responsible for the review and replacement. For real estate surveying and mapping projects, the issuing authority shall solicit the opinions of the real estate administrative department at the same level when reviewing and replacing the certificate.

　　Within the validity period of the "Surveying and Mapping Qualification Certificate", the qualification of real estate surveying and mapping shall be inspected by the administrative department of surveying and mapping. During the annual inspection, the surveying and mapping administrative department shall solicit the opinions of the real estate administrative department at the same level. Units that have been demoted or disqualified from real estate surveying and mapping in the annual inspection shall be jointly announced to the public by the surveying and mapping administrative department of the annual inspection and the real estate administrative department at the same level.

　　Apply for upgrading the qualification of real estate surveying and mapping within the validity period of the "Surveying and mapping qualification certificate", and re-apply for qualification examination procedures in accordance with the provisions of Article 14 of these Measures.

　　Chapter IV Results Management

　　Sixteenth real estate surveying and mapping results include: real estate books, real estate data and real estate atlas.

　　Seventeenth parties have objections to the results of real estate surveying and mapping, you can entrust a nationally recognized appraisal agency for real estate surveying and mapping results.

　　Article 18 The real estate administrative department shall examine and verify the qualifications of the surveying and mapping unit, the applicability of the surveying and mapping results, the accuracy of the boundary points, the basis and method of area measurement, etc. for the results of real estate surveying and mapping used for real estate management such as housing ownership registration. After the audit of real estate surveying and mapping results into the unified management of real estate files.

　　Article 19. Providing, giving away and selling unpublished data of real estate surveying and mapping achievements to organizations and individuals outside the country (territory), and entrusting institutions outside the country (territory) to print real estate surveying and mapping maps shall be handled in accordance with the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Surveying and Mapping Law, the Regulations on the Administration of Surveying and Mapping Achievements in People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the relevant provisions of national security and confidentiality.

　　Chapter V Legal Liability

　　Article 20 Whoever engages in real estate surveying and mapping business without obtaining the Surveying and Mapping Qualification Certificate which specifies the real estate surveying and mapping business and undertakes the real estate surveying and mapping task beyond the business scope and operation limit of real estate surveying and mapping stipulated in the Surveying and mapping Qualification Certificate shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Surveying and Mapping Law and the Administrative Provisions on Surveying and Mapping Qualification Examination and Certification.

　　Twenty-first real estate surveying and mapping units in any of the following circumstances, the real estate administrative departments of the people’s governments at or above the county level shall give a warning and order it to make corrections within a time limit, and may impose a fine of not less than 10 thousand yuan but not more than 30 thousand yuan; If the circumstances are serious, the issuing authority shall demote or cancel its qualification for real estate surveying and mapping:

　　(a) the national standards, norms and regulations are not implemented in the calculation of real estate area;

　　(two) in the calculation of real estate area, fraud, deception of housing rights;

　　(three) the calculation of the real estate area is wrong, causing great losses.

　　Twenty-second in violation of the provisions of article nineteenth of these measures, according to the "People’s Republic of China (PRC) Surveying and Mapping Law", "People’s Republic of China (PRC) Surveying and Mapping Achievements Management Regulations" and the provisions of national security and confidentiality laws and regulations.

　　Twenty-third real estate surveying and mapping management personnel, staff dereliction of duty, abuse of power, corruption, shall be given administrative sanctions; If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

　　Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions

　　Twenty-fourth provincial real estate administrative departments and surveying and mapping administrative departments may formulate detailed rules for implementation according to these measures.

　　Twenty-fifth approach by the administrative department of construction in the State Council and the administrative department of Surveying and mapping in the State Council jointly explained.

　　Twenty-sixth the implementation since May 1, 2001.

　　Recently, Venezuela has welcomed a number of "benefits", the economic sanctions imposed by the United States on Venezuela have been loosened, the so-called "interim government" supported by the United States in an attempt to replace the current government has been dissolved, and European countries represented by Spain and France are easing their relations with Venezuela. In particular, Latin American countries, such as Colombia and Brazil, have resumed diplomatic relations with Venezuela. These Latin American countries advocate multilateral mechanisms to solve problems and oppose unilateral sanctions and crowding out Venezuela.

　　Local analysts pointed out that there are indications that since 2018, the United States has tried to use unilateral sanctions to force the Venezuelan government to yield and pressure European and Latin American countries to isolate Venezuela, which cannot succeed.

　　American companies resume importing Venezuelan oil.

　　Since 2018, the United States has imposed "extreme pressure" on the Venezuelan government for many years, with the aim of supporting the so-called "interim government" led by Venezuelan opposition leader Guaido. Since the outbreak of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine on February 24 last year, Europe and the United States have imposed sanctions on Russian crude oil exports, resulting in tight international crude oil supply and rising prices for a long time, which has also brought obvious negative effects to domestic oil prices in the United States. In order to stabilize domestic oil prices, the United States began to take the initiative to contact Venezuela, a major oil producer, to seek the possibility of importing oil from Venezuela.

　　On November 26, 2022, the US Treasury Department announced that in the next six months, Chevron will be allowed to resume its oil exploration business in Venezuela and allow it to import oil from Venezuela. As a result, two oil tankers sent by Chevron arrived at Lake Maracaibo, the main oil and gas producing area of Venezuela, on December 29th last year and January 3rd this year respectively. In addition to bringing naphtha used to dilute heavy crude oil to the joint venture between Chevron and Venezuela’s national oil company, it is estimated that 500,000 barrels of crude oil will be transported to Chevron’s refinery in the Gulf of Mexico. This will be the first batch of crude oil shipped from Venezuela to the United States in four years.

△ Chevron oil tanker sent to Venezuela

　　Francesco Monaldi, director of Latin American energy project of Baker School of Public Policy, Rice University, said that the crude oil production capacity of Chevron’s joint venture in Venezuela was 50,000 barrels per day at the end of November last year, and it is expected to increase to 800,000 to 100,000 barrels per day in the following months. If there is enough investment, the production capacity of Chevron is expected to increase to 200,000 to 220,000 barrels per day in the next two years.

　　Under the "favorable" factors such as Chevron’s resumption of operation in Venezuela, the Venezuelan Petrochemical Chamber of Commerce said that by the end of 2023, Venezuela could increase its crude oil production from the current 700,000 barrels per day to 1 million barrels per day, which would greatly increase the country’s oil export revenue. By the end of 2023, the export income including oil, gold and other minerals is expected to reach about 20 billion US dollars, exceeding the estimated income of 15 billion US dollars in 2022, which will help improve Venezuela’s balance of payments.

　　The process of multi-party game is difficult and tortuous.

　　The recent relaxation of sanctions against Venezuela by the United States is the result of a multi-party game, and its process is difficult and tortuous. Shortly after the outbreak of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, the United States completely banned the import of Russian oil, resulting in a gap of 600,000 to 700,000 barrels per day. In order to fill the gap, the US government sent a high-level delegation to Venezuela for talks with the Venezuelan government on March 5 last year. In the negotiations, US officials mentioned that Venezuela should export oil directly to the United States in exchange for relaxing US oil sanctions against Venezuela, while trying to determine whether Maduro’s government is prepared to keep a distance from its ally Russia in the Russian-Ukrainian conflict. Plasencia, Venezuela’s foreign minister, said shortly afterwards that Venezuela was ready to sell oil to the United States again, but at the same time, it remained "loyal" to Russia, which remained an ally.

　　Since the end of March last year, Biden’s government has released 180 million barrels of reserve crude oil to the domestic market in the United States. The urgency of the United States to resume importing oil from Venezuela to stabilize oil prices has declined in a short period of time, and the negotiations between the United States and Venezuela have come to a standstill.

　　After temporarily shelving the option of Venezuela, the US government once tried to persuade Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and other oil-producing countries in the Middle East to increase oil production. Last July, Biden visited Saudi Arabia. At the beginning of October 2022, "OPEC+"countries including Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates decided to reduce crude oil production by 2 million barrels per day from November until the end of 2022. Biden stated in this regard that the decision of "OPEC+"prompted the United States to reconsider the issue of oil import substitutes, but the United States has many options. The US media subsequently reported that Biden’s administration is considering the option of relaxing sanctions against Venezuela, so that American oil companies can restart oil production activities in Venezuela.

△ "OPEC+"countries hold a meeting

　　At the end of November last year, Biden’s government allowed Chevron to resume its oil exploration and export business in Venezuela, and Chevron quickly sent tankers to Venezuela to transport crude oil. According to American media reports, Chevron was able to quickly resume importing crude oil after obtaining the license, thanks to the company’s preparations as early as several months ago.

　　The analysis pointed out that a series of chain reactions triggered by the Russian-Ukrainian conflict in the world forced the United States to consider loosening sanctions against the Committee. The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace recently wrote in official website that the conflict between Russia and Ukraine has continuously strengthened the right to speak in the negotiations between Maduro’s government and the United States. As the United States demands to cut off Russian oil and gas exports and seek alternatives for Russian oil imports, the United States is giving up its "threatening language" against Venezuela in previous years and releasing more "goodwill" instead. Now Venezuela is becoming a "valuable partner" of the United States.

　　The "interim president" was dismissed because of infighting in the opposition.

　　Just as the United States relaxed its sanctions against Venezuela, both the "interim government" and the "interim president" Guaido supported by the United States had problems: the former was dissolved and the latter was dismissed. In the vote on December 30 last year, the Venezuelan opposition passed the decision to dissolve the so-called "interim government" and dismissed Guaido, the "interim president". Of the four main opposition parties in Venezuela, three supported the above decision.

　　Looking back at history, in May 2018, the current president of Venezuela, Maduro, won re-election in the presidential election, but the United States and some western countries did not recognize the election results and supported Guaido, who was elected as the chairman of Venezuela’s parliament in January 2019, as an "interim president". In fact, Guaido has never actually been in power for a day.

　　After the dissolution of the "interim government", the National Security Council of the United States indicated that the United States would continue to support the "interim government" in whatever form it existed. The State Council spokesman Price said on January 3 that although the "interim government" has been dissolved, the United States still "does not recognize" Maduro’s government and will continue to maintain the existing sanctions.

　　Compared with the tough stance of the United States, Venezuelan President Maduro said on January 1 this year that Venezuela is "fully prepared to take measures to normalize relations with the United States". Maduro criticized the US government’s extreme pressure on Venezuela. He said that the United States has taken measures such as suppressing Venezuela, threatening invasion and imposing extreme sanctions, hoping to force Venezuela to split internally and "arrange a president" for Venezuela from the outside, but these measures have been defeated.

　　However, although the Venezuelan government firmly opposed the "interim government" supported by the United States, it did not close the communication channels with the "interim government", especially on November 26 last year, the Venezuelan government and the opposition made an important breakthrough in negotiations for the first time in many years. The two sides agreed to implement a humanitarian rescue plan worth about $3 billion and continue the dialogue in Mexico. This further strengthened the initiative of the Maduro government.

△ Venezuelan President Maduro

　　Although the United States does not admit its failure in supporting the opposition, many mainstream media have quite consistent judgments on this. The New York Times wrote that Guaido’s dismissal was a major blow to the US government, which has been supporting Guaido since 2019. This clearly shows that the opposition has lost confidence in the goal of "replacing the Maduro government" led by Guaido. German news TV issued a document saying that Guaido’s dismissal means that "the attempt to support an influential opposition to compete with the Maduro government has failed".

　　The Sao Paulo newspaper, which has the largest circulation in Brazil, pointed out that although Biden’s government is unwilling to "recognize" Maduro’s government, it has shown that the US policy toward Venezuela has obvious pragmatism from sending a high-level delegation to visit Venezuela in March last year to allowing Chevron to import Venezuelan crude oil.

　　Some European countries began to ease relations with Venezuela.

　　Over the past few years, many European countries have expressed their support for the "interim government" and adopted measures to sanction the Venezuelan government, while some Latin American countries have also "selected side stations" and collectively put pressure on the Maduro government.

　　Today, these situations are changing.

　　In Europe, European countries have realized the importance of Venezuela since the conflict between Russia and Ukraine led to the energy supply crisis in Europe. French President Macron called for the diversification of European oil imports and the return of Venezuela to the international oil market at the G7 summit last July. Last November, at the 27th United Nations Climate Change Conference, Macron met with Maduro, and Macron expressed his willingness to start bilateral cooperation beneficial to the whole region. Recently, the Spanish government appointed a new ambassador to Venezuela to restore diplomatic relations between the two countries at the ambassadorial level in order to coordinate the import of oil from Venezuela by the country’s oil companies.

△ European cruise ships arrived in Venezuela for the first time in 15 years.

　　In fact, European energy companies have started importing Venezuelan crude oil earlier. In the middle of last year, Italy’s Eni Group and Spain’s Lepsol Company imported a total of 3.6 million barrels of crude oil from Venezuela, which was the first time that Europe imported Venezuelan oil in two years. Since then, Venezuela has suspended the export of oil to these two European companies for three months because of dissatisfaction with the settlement method that exporting oil can only be used to pay off debts. Since November, Venezuela has resumed oil sales to these two companies. In that month, 2 million barrels of crude oil were exported to Europe, most of which were received by Lepsol’s Bilbao Refinery. The refinery uses heavy crude oil to produce a large amount of petroleum coke (an important raw material for cement, graphite, steelmaking and other industries), and the petroleum coke production capacity of the refinery can meet the demand of European market by about 5%.

　　Jon Imas, president of Lepsol Company, said that importing Venezuelan oil is not only beneficial to the company itself, but also beneficial to Europe as a whole. In the case that Europe is short of Russian oil due to the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, Venezuela provides another option to supply Europe.

　　Just as some European countries eased relations with Venezuela and increased imports of Venezuelan oil. On January 3, a cruise ship from Europe docked in Venezuela, and nearly 500 passengers from France, Germany, Spain, Switzerland and Italy visited Venezuela for the first time in 15 years.

　　Latin American countries move closer to Venezuela

　　At the level of Latin American countries, cracks have appeared within the Lima Group. The Lima Group was founded in Lima, Peru in 2017 by 12 Latin American countries including Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Peru and Mexico, with the aim of trying to solve the Venezuelan crisis by peaceful means. At the beginning of the establishment of Lima Group, many member countries boycotted the current Venezuelan government and supported the United States’ practice of excluding Venezuela from attending the Summit of the Americas.

△ Colombian President petro and Venezuelan President Maduro met for the first time in three years

　　Now, the situation has changed. Peru recognized the Maduro government in 2021, while Argentina and Mexico announced their withdrawal from the Lima Group in 2021. On the other hand, after the new President petro took office, Colombian neighbors quickly resumed diplomatic relations with Venezuela at the ambassadorial level, lifted the border blockade, and achieved the first meeting between the two presidents in three years. In Brazil, the largest country in Latin America, Lula officially became president on January 1, which not only ordered the lifting of the ban on the entry of President Maduro into Brazil, but also restored diplomatic relations at the ambassadorial level between the two countries. (General Station reporter Lei Xiangping)

During the Spring Festival holiday in 2025, the number of traffic trips exceeded 2.3 billion.

On the 5th, the reporter learned from the 2025 Spring Festival travel rush Comprehensive Transportation Work Class that during the Spring Festival holiday this year (from January 28th to February 4th), the cross-regional personnel flow of the whole society was 2,306.845 million.

Specifically, the passenger traffic by railway is 96.26 million, the passenger flow by road is 2,182.93 million (the passenger travel by non-operating passenger cars on expressways and provincial highways is 1,989.65 million, and the passenger traffic by road is 193.28 million), the passenger traffic by waterway is 9.413 million, and the passenger traffic by civil aviation is 18.2415 million.

September 21, 2011, my hometown in Feicheng, Shandong. According to the custom in the village, on the third day after marriage, Wang Zhibao took Han Ping to the grave, saying that he wanted his new wife to visit his ancestors.

On March 15th, 2013, Wang Zhibao’s mother was hospitalized due to illness in Feicheng Hospital, Shandong Province. Hearing that his mother was unwell, Wang Zhibao hurried back by coach.

February 9, 2013, my hometown in Feicheng, Shandong. On New Year’s Eve, Wang Zhibao had a New Year’s Eve dinner with relatives and friends, while his wife looked after the crying children.

On December 18, 2015, Jinan, Shandong Province, had to go to work during the day, and Wang Zhibao and his wife followed the intermediary to see the second-hand house at night. There is no light in the top building facing the street, so they have to use their mobile phones for lighting.

　　Photographer Liu Lei recorded the life of rural youth Wang Zhibao and his wife Han Ping for seven years in this 10-square-meter rental house in a village in Jinan. From marriage, having children to their daughter’s going to school, they travel between their hometown and the city, with meager income and light sorrow … …

　　In 1986, Wang Zhibao was born in panzhuang, Feicheng City, Tai ‘an City, Shandong Province. Like other children of similar age in the village, he spent his childhood in the dirt. The experience of helping adults do farm work filled his primary school memory. He became familiar with the agricultural knowledge handed down by his ancestors and knew when to plant and when to harvest.

　　The knowledge in books is more difficult to learn than farm work, and Wang Zhibao’s academic performance is always bad. In his own words, the academic performance at that time belonged to the level of "idiot", and the teachers were too lazy to take care of him. But he is optimistic about this — — There are several other "idiots" in the same village: Er Dan in the south of the village, Yandong &hellip in the west of the village; … They naturally became good friends. Although more than ten years have passed, he can still quickly and accurately list the "idiot" students who were connected with the same life at any time, and these students, like his current state, are doing some temporary work in a city and running between the city and the countryside.

　　Wang Zhibao said that people who have never studied in their ancestors for generations seem to need genetic inheritance to read good books. Moreover, the older generation in the village always warned the younger generation that there would be no great promise in farming. Before the second day of junior high school, Wang Zhibao left the village, went to the county to be an apprentice, and began to work.

　　The hardened asphalt road in the county is smoother than the dirt road in the village. Wang Zhibao, who came to the city, felt relieved. Away from my mother’s nagging, I seem to be an independent and mature man in an instant.

　　Later, 17-year-old Wang Zhibao came to Jinan, the provincial capital. He worked as a cable worker, cleaner, hotel room cleaner and chess room attendant. At the age of 22, Wang Zhibao entered the stone renovation industry to do odd jobs, which continues to this day. Wages rose from 70 yuan at that time to 150 yuan now, and sometimes you can earn 200 yuan one lucky day, but you have to wait for the foreman’s phone call to recruit.

　　After some ignorant and failed contacts, he met his wife Han Ping through a friend’s introduction. She came to work in Jinan from Heze rural area with a low education level, but she has a good personality, which can tolerate Wang Zhibao’s natural rebellious temper and does not dislike his meager income. Wang Zhibao also feels that Han Ping is "the kind of person who lives a down-to-earth life". At the end of 2005, Han Ping moved into a 10-square-meter hut he rented near Xishilihe Street in Jinan.

　　In 2011, Wang Zhibao married Han Ping back to his hometown of Feicheng panzhuang. Han Ping was four months pregnant when she stood at the wedding scene in a wedding dress. In order to make up enough months for the unit to pay medical insurance for itself, Han Ping insisted on going to work normally in the shopping mall with a big belly. Wang Zhibao said that this can get maternity leave wages, plus maternity insurance can earn a lot of money.

　　The cost of Jinan hospital is large, and the cost of caesarean section alone is more than 8 thousand yuan, as well as nutrition and other expenses. It’s far from home. If relatives come to take care of Han Ping, their food, drink and accommodation will be another expense, so Wang Zhibao took his wife to his hometown hospital with relatively poor conditions to give birth.

　　In 2012, my daughter fell to the ground. The fortune teller said that his daughter, LMNT, had little soil. After calling many people for advice, he added the word "Yu" to her name.

　　Wang Zhibao’s family of three has rented a 10-square-meter cabin in the village of Jinan, and the house price in the nearby community doubled in 2017 compared with that in 2013. Wang Zhibao had the idea of buying a second-hand house. At the end of 2015, at the instigation of his younger brother, he took a fancy to a street-facing old-top building with an area of 40 square meters and a selling price of 280,000 yuan. After calculation, they still feel that they can’t stand the pressure of paying a down payment of 80,000 yuan and a monthly loan of more than 1,000 yuan, and finally give up. But in just one year, the price of the same type of house has risen to about 400,000 yuan.

　　Without their own house, there is no shortage of happiness in the life of a family of three. The small home is full of her daughter’s snacks and toys, with her paintings and awards on the walls, and photos of a family of three. The aisle at the door was neatly covered with Han Ping’s laundry. On weekends, Wang Zhibao will take his wife and daughter to the park to play. Seeing his daughter running with other children, he wanted to lie on the lawn and have a good sleep.

　　Wang Zhibao said that he likes the freedom and vastness of the city, but his mother who is alone in his hometown is deeply concerned. My father died 10 years ago, and my 70-year-old mother is in poor health, but it is difficult to adapt to the life in the city. He and his younger brother, who also work in Jinan, had to take turns to visit.

　　The villagers said that their family is a real person. Wang Zhibao looks forward to working in the city every day, and works sincerely. Even if his income is meager, his worries drift lightly, and he turns back and forth between his hometown and rented house, year after year. Their daughter will go to primary school next year. According to Jinan’s policy, migrant children must meet the condition that both parents pay social security for one year. There is nothing wrong with Han Ping’s social security. However, Wang Zhibao worked in Jinan for 15 years, but never paid social security … …

　　I don’t know how his sorrow fell this time.